植物根系水力再分配量及影响因素分析

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2021.05.23

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

植物根系水力再分配（Hydraulic Redistribution,HR）指水分在根-土界面水势梯度的驱动下,经由植物根系在土壤不同部位之间的被动传输过程。它是植物根系为了适应土壤水分的空间异质性而形成的一种生理调节对策,不仅能够优化植物对水分的利用,而且对生态系统的地球化学循环过程具有一定影响。因此,开展水分限制环境下HR的研究对深入理解干旱区植物生存的生态水文学机理及其调控对策具有重要的意义。基于此,本文通过回顾和分析HR国内外的最新研究动态及进展,分别从HR的发展历程、在生态水文中的作用、量的大小、普遍性和影响因素进行较为系统的评述。利用数据挖掘在全球尺度上对HR定量化描述,发现HR主要发生在较干旱的乔木植物群落中。此外,HR占蒸腾比例介于3%~79%,平均值为32%;从气候因子、植被特征、土壤特性等方面重点讨论了HR的影响因素,发现干燥指数和土壤质地显著影响HR的量（P<0.05）。最后,结合全球变化背景下HR面临的新挑战,提出了当前HR研究面临的难点问题及其在生态水文效应中应重点关注的科学前沿问题。本研究为今后HR的研究提供了一定的借鉴。

关键词: 植物根系, 水力再分配, 影响因素, 生态水文效应

Abstract:

The concept of hydraulic redistribution of plant roots (HR) refers to the passive transmission of water between different parts of the soil via plant roots, driven by the water potential gradient at the root-soil interface. It is a physiological regulation strategy employed by plant roots in order to adapt to the spatial heterogeneity of soil moisture. Not only can it optimize the use of water by plants, but it has also a certain impact on the ecosystem’s geochemical cycle. Therefore, the study of HR under water-limited environments is of great significance to understand in depth the ecological hydrological mechanism of plant survival in arid areas and its control strategies. Based on these observations, this paper reviews and analyzes the latest trends and progress in HR research at home and abroad, and compiles a more systematic review encompassing the developmental history of HR, its role in eco-hydrology, its magnitude, universality, and influencing factors. Using data mining to quantitatively describe HR on a global scale, it was found that HR mainly occurs in drier tree plant communities; in addition, HR accounts for 3%-79% of the transpiration process, with an average of 32%. Through the analysis of climatic factors, vegetation andsoil characteristics, and other aspects considered as HR influencing factors, it was found that the aridity index and soil texture have a significant impact on HR (P<0.05). Finally, combined with the new challenges faced by HR in the context of global change, the difficulties faced by current HR research and the frontier issues of science that should be focused on in the ecohydrological effect are proposed. Our study provides some reference for future HR research.

Key words: plant roots, hydraulic redistribution, influencing factors, eco-hydrological effect

杨贵森,黄磊,杨利贞,陈嘉嘉. 植物根系水力再分配量及影响因素分析[J]. 干旱区研究, 2021, 38(5): 1411-1419.

YANG Guisen,HUANG Lei,YANG Lizhen,CHEN Jiajia. Analysis of the magnitude and influencing factors of the hydraulic redistribution of plant roots[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2021, 38(5): 1411-1419.

图/表 4

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