极端干旱与氮添加对半干旱沙质草地物种多样性、叶性状和生产力的影响

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2020.06.23

干旱区研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (6): 1569-1579.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2020.06.23

极端干旱与氮添加对半干旱沙质草地物种多样性、叶性状和生产力的影响

孙一梅¹，田青¹，吕朋^2,3，郭爱霞^3,4，张森溪^3,4，左小安^2,4

（1. 甘肃农业大学林学院，甘肃兰州730070；2. 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院奈曼沙漠化研究站，甘肃兰州730000；3. 中国科学院大学，北京100049；4. 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院，乌拉特荒漠草原研究站，甘肃兰州730000）

收稿日期:2020-06-16 修回日期:2020-07-22 出版日期:2020-11-15 发布日期:2021-01-24
通讯作者: 田青. E-mail: 1620436081@qq.com
作者简介:孙一梅（1995-），女，硕士研究生，主要从事植物功能性状研究. E-mail: 1142309846@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目（41622103，41571106）；中国科学院青年创新促进会项目（1100000036）；中国科学院大学生创新实践训练计划

Effects of extreme drought and nitrogen addition on species diversity,leaf trait, and productivity in a semiarid sandy grassland

SUN Yi-mei¹, TIAN Qing¹, LYU Peng^2,3, GUO Ai-xia^3,4,ZHANG Sen-xi^3,4, ZUO Xiao-an^2,4#br#

(1. College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China; 2. Naiman Desertification Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resource, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China; 3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; 4. Urat Desert-grassland Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China)

Received:2020-06-16 Revised:2020-07-22 Online:2020-11-15 Published:2021-01-24

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以科尔沁沙质草地为研究对象，研究了短期内极端干旱（减雨60%和干旱60 d）和氮添加（20 g·m-2·a-1）对植物群落物种多样性、叶性状和生物量的影响。结果表明：水、氮变化改变了群落中优势物种的重要值，其中优势物种砂蓝刺头和黄蒿的重要值在短期极端干旱和氮添加处理下明显增加。短期内极端干旱对植株高度（Hight, H）、叶片氮含量（Leaf Nitrogen Content, LNC）及地上生物量有显著影响，减雨60%降低了H，而增加了LNC，生物量在减雨60%和干旱60 d处理下均显著降低，物种多样性、比叶面积（Specific Leaf Area, SLA）、叶干物质含量（Leaf Dry Matter Content, LDMC）及叶碳含量（Leaf Carbon Content, LCC）在不同干旱处理间均无显著差异。短期氮添加对植物叶性状及地上生物量有显著影响，H、SLA和LNC在氮添加处理下增加，而LDMC降低，植物多样性无显著变化。极端干旱与氮添加两者交互作用对物种多样性、叶性状及生物量均无显著影响。相关回归分析表明，物种多样性、SLA、LDMC、LCC及LNC与生物量无显著相关关系，而H与生物量显著正相关。半干旱沙质草地一年生为主的植物群落通过改变优势物种关键性状来适应极端干旱和氮沉降，其中H对草地生产力的维持有较大的影响。

关键词: 极端干旱, 氮添加, 物种多样性, 叶性状, 生产力

Abstract: We examined the effects of extreme drought (rain reduction by 60% and drought for 60 days) and nitrogen addition (20 g·m- 2 ·a- 1) on species diversity, productivity, and leaf trait in Horqin Sandy Land. Results show that changes in water and nitrogen altered important values of dominant species, such that which the important values of Echinops gmelini and Artemisia scoparia increased significantly under short-term extreme drought and nitrogen addition treatment. Short-term extreme drought had a significant effect on plant height (H), leaf nitrogen content (LNC), and aboveground biomass. Following rain reduction by 60%, H decreased, while LNC increased. Aboveground biomass decreased, following rain reduction by 60% and drought for 60 days. There was no significant difference in species diversity, specific leaf area (SLA), leaf day matter content (LDMC), and leaf carbon content (LCC) between drought treatments. Short-term nitrogen addition significantly changed the leaf traits and aboveground biomass. Following the addition nitrogen, SLA, and LNC increased, while LDMC decreased. There was no significant difference in plant diversity. Interaction between extreme drought and nitrogen addition had no significant effect on species diversity, leaf traits, and aboveground biomass. Correlation and regression analysis showed that species diversity, SLA, LDMC, LCC, and LNC did not significantly correlate with biomass, while H was positively correlated with aboveground biomass following nitrogen addition. The annual dominant plant communities in semiarid sandy grassland adapt to extreme drought and nitrogen deposition by changing key traits of dominant species, in which H has a greater impact on grassland productivity

Key words: extreme drought, nitrogen addition, species diversity, leaf functional trait, productivity

孙一梅, 田青, 吕朋, 郭爱霞, 张森溪, 左小安. 极端干旱与氮添加对半干旱沙质草地物种多样性、叶性状和生产力的影响[J]. 干旱区研究, 2020, 37(6): 1569-1579.

SUN Yi-mei, TIAN Qing, LYU Peng, GUO Ai-xia, ZHANG Sen-xi, ZUO Xiao-an. Effects of extreme drought and nitrogen addition on species diversity,leaf trait, and productivity in a semiarid sandy grassland[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2020, 37(6): 1569-1579.

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极端干旱与氮添加对半干旱沙质草地物种多样性、叶性状和生产力的影响

Effects of extreme drought and nitrogen addition on species diversity,leaf trait, and productivity in a semiarid sandy grassland

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