干旱区研究

干旱区研究 ›› 2012, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (1): 122-128.

• 生态与环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于土地利用/覆被变化的绿洲城市土地生态风险综合评价——以甘州区为例

吴文婕,石培基,胡巍   

  1. 西北师范大学 地理与环境科学学院，甘肃 兰州 730070
  • 收稿日期:2010-12-20 修回日期:2011-03-29 出版日期:2012-01-15 发布日期:2012-02-27
  • 作者简介:吴文婕（1986-），女，新疆乌鲁木齐人，硕士研究生，主要从事城市与区域发展规划研究. E-mail：15294210239@126.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目“内陆河流域城镇体系与流域空间结构相互作用的生态经济效应研究：以石羊河流域为例”（40971078）

Study on Land Ecological Risk in Oasis City Based on LUCC—A Case Study in the Ganzhou District

WU Wenjie, SHI Pei-ji,HU Wei   

  1. College of Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
  • Received:2010-12-20 Revised:2011-03-29 Online:2012-01-15 Published:2012-02-27

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摘要： 土地利用/覆被变化通过改变土地生态系统的结构和功能，影响地区生态系统的安全与健康程度。基于甘州区2001-2008年的土地利用变更数据，建立土地利用生态风险评价指标，结合马尔可夫概率转移矩阵，对该区域土地利用变化的生态效益风险及其社会影响进行综合评价。同时，借助GIS技术与相关统计分析方法，对甘州区2008年土地利用/覆被现状存在的生态风险进行空间量化分析。研究表明：① 2008年，甘州区土地利用/覆被存在的生态风险集中在耕地和未利用地，两者的比例占全区总面积的87.32%;② 甘州区土地利用类型研究期内发生了复杂的相互转换，地类交错地带生态风险尤为显著;③ 土地利用程度指数的上升，反映出土地利用的广度、深度不断增加，土地利用处于发展期;④ 甘州区2008年较2001年的土地综合风险指数有所上升，人类活动的影响在一定程度上增加了区域潜在的生态风险。

关键词: 土地利用/土地覆盖变化（LUCC）, 绿洲城市, 生态风险, 甘州区

Abstract: LUCC affects the safety and health level of ecosystem by changing land ecosystem structure and functions. Based on the data of land use change in the Ganzhou district during the period from 2001 to 2008, in this paper an ecological risk assessment of land use was developed, and a comprehensive evaluation on ecological benefit risk of LUCC and social effect was carried out based on Markov probability transition matrix. Moreover, a spatial quantitative analysis on the ecological risk of land use/cover change in 2008 was carried out so as to provide a reference to achieve a coordinated development between ecological environment and socialeconomic construction. The results are as follows: (1) The ecological risk of land use/cover change in the Ganzhou district occurred mainly in cultivated land and unused land, and its proportion was as high as 87.32% in 2008. (2) A complex conversion of land use types occurred during the study period. Ecological risk was extremely high in the ecotone. (3) Increase of land use degree index reflected the increasing extent and deepness of land use in the Ganzhou district. (4) Composite risk index of land use was increased to some extent during the period from 2001 to 2008, and the regional potential ecological risk will be affected by human activities to some extent.

Key words: LUCC, oasis city, land ecological risk, Ganzhou district