山西黄河流域“三生”空间重构和降水变化对产水服务的影响

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2023.01.14

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

山西黄河流域是我国重要的能源与化工基地，近年来，一直面临着水土流失严重、水资源短缺等问题，研究该区域的产水服务可以为黄河流域能源化工区高质量发展提供决策参考。本文从降水变化和“三生”空间重构的视角出发，基于InVEST模型和情景模拟法，分析了2000—2020年“三生”空间变化和降水变化对流域产水服务的影响。结果表明：山西黄河流域“三生”空间整体呈现出生态>生产>生活的空间格局，生态空间面积略有减少，农业生产用地缩减明显，工矿生产、城镇生活及乡村生活用地面积增幅明显。2000年山西黄河流域的平均产水量为89.57 mm，2020年平均产水量为138.01 mm，2000—2020年产水量有所增加；通过不同情景分析表明降水变化对产水量变化的贡献率为80.4%，“三生”空间变化对产水量的贡献率为19.6%。

关键词: 三生空间, 产水服务, 黄河流域, 山西

Abstract:

The Yellow River Basin in Shanxi Province is an important energy and chemical industry base in China. In recent years, the basis has been faced with serious soil erosion and water shortage. The study of water yield services in this region can provide decision-making reference for the high-quality development of energy and chemical industries in the Yellow River Basin. Based on the integrated valuation of ecosystem services and trade-offs and scenario simulation method, this paper analyzed the impacts of production-living-ecology spatial and precipitation changes on watershed water yield services from 2000 to 2020. The results showed the following spatial pattern regarding the “production-living-ecology space” along the Yellow River Basin in Shanxi Province: Ecology space > production space > living space. The area of ecological space slightly decreased, agricultural production land significantly decreased, and the area of land used for industrial and mining production and urban and rural living lands significantly increased. The average water yields of the Yellow River Basin in Shanxi in 2000 and 2020 were 89.57 and 138.01 mm, respectively. The water yield increased from 2000 to 2020. The contribution rate of precipitation change to the change in water yield was 80.4%, and that of “production-living-ecology” space change to water yield was 19.6%.

Key words: production-living-ecology space, water yield service, Yellow River Basin, Shanxi

姬倩倩, 潘换换, 吴树荣, 武志涛, 杜自强. 山西黄河流域“三生”空间重构和降水变化对产水服务的影响[J]. 干旱区研究, 2023, 40(1): 132-142.

JI Qianqian, PAN Huanhuan, WU Shurong, WU Zhitao, DU Ziqiang. Effect of spatial reconstruction of “production-living-ecology” space and precipitation changes on water yield services in the Yellow River Basin in Shanxi Province[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2023, 40(1): 132-142.

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一级地类	二级地类	对应的土地利用类型
生产空间	农业生产用地	水田、旱地
生产空间	工矿生产用地	工矿建设用地
生态空间	林地生态用地	有林地、灌木林地、疏林地、其他林地
	牧草生态用地	高覆盖度草地、中覆盖度草地、低覆盖度草地
	水域生态用地	河渠、湖泊、水库和坑塘、冰川和永久积雪地、海涂、滩地
	其他生态用地	沙地、戈壁、盐碱地、沼泽地、裸土地、裸岩石砾地、其他
生活空间	城镇生活用地	城镇用地
生活空间	乡村生活用地	乡村用地

情景设置	影响因素
情景设置	土地利用数据	气候数据
情景1	2020年	2000年
情景2	2000年	2020年

土地类型		2020年
土地类型		林地生态用地	牧草生态用地	其他生态用地	水域生态用地	城镇生活用地	乡村生活用地	工矿生产用地	农业生产用地
2000年	林地生态用地	21987.93	3201.85	2.87	57.43	24.41	117.74	114.86	3362.66
	牧草生态用地	3183.18	13554.01	4.31	136.40	67.48	284.29	216.81	8250.14
	其他生态用地	-	1.44	7.18	7.18	4.31	1.44	4.31	8.61
	水域生态用地	25.84	89.02	10.05	307.26	18.67	44.51	28.72	318.75
	城镇生活用地	2.87	12.92	-	4.31	526.94	15.79	1.44	64.61
	乡村生活用地	33.02	99.07	-	5.74	78.97	516.89	22.97	1078.29
	工矿生产用地	4.31	8.61	2.87	-	30.15	22.97	80.41	40.20
	农业生产用地	3414.35	8367.88	11.49	267.06	558.53	1801.94	549.91	24069.85

产水量	生态空间				生产空间		生活空间
产水量	林地生态用地	牧草生态用地	水域生态用地	其他生态用地	农业生产用地	工矿生产用地	乡村生活用地	城镇生活用地
2000年	117.25	92.85	24.69	179.17	73.92	111.37	112.01	307.19
2020年	161.97	132.66	51.57	223.37	117.65	238.65	196.90	450.30
情景1	117.4	93.32	39.92	184.69	84.67	168.31	133.74	336.99
情景2	161.53	132.07	31.4	216.14	104.12	155.46	157.85	411.19