环境因子对不同种源黑果枸杞花青素积累的影响

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2025.08.15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过探究不同生境条件对黑果枸杞（Lycium ruthenicum）种质差异的影响，有利于为其人工育种和种质创新提供重要的科学依据。本研究以不同种源黑果枸杞为研究对象，采用结构方程模型（Structural Equation Model，SEM）、主成分分析和线性回归等方法，探究空间、气候、土壤等因子对黑果枸杞果实中花青素积累的影响。结果表明：（1）黑果枸杞果实中总花青素的积累量随海拔高度的增加而显著增加（P<0.01），海拔主要通过影响气候（β=-0.99，P<0.001），进而影响土壤全磷（β=-0.90，P<0.001），间接影响花青素的积累。（2）野生黑果枸杞总花青素积累主要受气候因子影响，人工种植黑果枸杞总花青素积累主要受土壤全磷影响。（3）影响黑果枸杞总花青素积累的主要气候因子是气温日较差（Diurnal Temperature Range，DTR）、最干季度平均温（Mean Temperature of Driest Quarter，MTDQ）、年降水量（Mean Annual Precipitation，MAP）和太阳辐射。研究表明影响不同种源黑果枸杞花青素积累的环境因子均有差异，在调控和提高花青素积累时，需根据相应的环境驱动因子制定改良措施。

关键词: 不同种源, 黑果枸杞, 花青素, 环境因子, 野生, 人工种植

Abstract:

Anthocyanins are potent free radical scavengers that help plants adapt to extreme environmental stresses and have important nutritional and medicinal value for humans. Studying the effect of habitat conditions on the variation in germplasm in Lycium ruthenicum can provides an important scientific basis for artificial breeding and germplasm innovation. L. ruthenicum collected from various provenances was used as the research object. Analytical methods, including structural equation model (SEM), principal component analysis, and linear regression analysis, were used to explore the effects of space, climate, and soil factors on anthocyanin accumulation in L. ruthenicum fruits. The results showed that: (1) The accumulation of anthocyanin in L. ruthenicum fruits increased significantly as altitude increased (P<0.01); altitude mainly influenced climate (β=−0.99, P<0.001) and soil total phosphorus (β=−0.90, P<0.001). (2) The accumulation of anthocyanin in wild L. ruthenicum fruits was mainly influenced by climatic factors, and the artificial cultivation of L. ruthenicum fruits was mainly influenced by soil total phosphorus. (3) The important climatic factors influencing anthocyanin accumulation in L. ruthenicum were diurnal temperature range (DTR), mean temperature of driest quarter (MTDQ), mean annual precipitation (MAP), and solar radiation. Therefore, environmental factors influencing the anthocyanin accumulation in L. ruthenicum depend on the provenance. Thus, when regulating and improving anthocyanin accumulation, it is necessary to adjust measures to local conditions and develop improvement measures to suit the corresponding environmental driving factors.

Key words: various provenances, Lycium ruthenicum, anthocyanin, environmental factors, wild, artificial cultivation

李金辉, 胡静, 金红喜, 王祺, 姚泽. 环境因子对不同种源黑果枸杞花青素积累的影响[J]. 干旱区研究, 2025, 42(8): 1525-1535.

LI Jinhui, HU Jing, JIN Hongxi, WANG Qi, YAO Ze. Effects of environmental factors on anthocyanin accumulation in Lycium ruthenicum from various provenances[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2025, 42(8): 1525-1535.

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采样点	经度（E）	纬度（N）	海拔/m	气温日较差/℃	最干季度平均温/℃	年降水量/mm	太阳辐射/(kJ·m^-2·d^-1)
青海诺木洪-野生	96°11′	36°30′	2858	14.37	-4.55	50	17047.00
青海诺木洪-人工	96°11′	36°23′	2806	14.64	-4.57	45	17114.75
内蒙古额济纳旗-野生	101°10′	41°59′	919	13.97	-8.78	43	16688.83
内蒙古额济纳旗-人工	105°32′	38°47′	1376	12.99	-6.07	179	16585.92
新疆阿克苏-野生	79°10′	41°08′	1396	12.13	-4.55	125	15676.67
新疆阿克苏-人工	80°56′	41°26′	1247	14.62	-5.50	101	15720.17
甘肃民勤-野生	103°31′	38°46′	1345	14.17	-6.17	117	16367.75
甘肃民勤-野生	102°57′	38°50′	1326	14.70	-6.28	113	16501.42
甘肃民勤-野生	103°36′	39°03′	1306	14.88	-6.37	110	16563.92
甘肃民勤-人工	102°58′	38°35′	1363	14.66	-6.22	125	16428.17
甘肃酒泉-野生	98°27′	39°56′	1481	13.82	-5.52	95	16687.00
甘肃酒泉-人工	98°53′	39°55′	1295	14.07	-7.12	93	16971.42
甘肃张掖-野生	100°25′	39°01′	1483	14.05	-6.38	188	16748.00
甘肃张掖-人工	99°35′	38°49′	2304	14.09	-8.65	355	16503.75