河西走廊阻沙固沙带典型荒漠植物叶功能性状

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2024.11.10

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本研究以河西走廊阻沙固沙带典型荒漠植物梭梭（Haloxylon ammodendron）和白刺（Nitraria tangutorum）为研究对象，通过野外调查、样品采集、室内分析与统计相结合的方法，探讨荒漠植物对干旱环境的适应策略。因此，选取民勤绿洲阻沙固沙带和高台绿洲阻沙固沙带，分别自上风向的自然植被封育保护带和下风向的乔灌防护林带，空间结构特征较为一致的阻沙固沙带，设置3个10 m×10 m的梭梭样方和3个10 m×10 m的白刺样方。分析其叶片主要参数与环境因子的空间分布特征及其相关性，旨在为评价两种荒漠植物叶功能性状对干旱环境的适应策略提供数据支撑。典型荒漠植物均可通过调整叶功能性状以适应特定生境下的土壤和气候条件，结果表明：（1）叶干物质含量（LDMC）和比叶面积（SLA）差异显著（P<0.05），叶有机碳（LOC）、叶氮（LN）和叶磷含量（LP）在两种生境中均呈现出极显著差异（P<0.001）。（2）主成分分析表明，影响民勤植物叶功能性状的前3个指标因子为LN、C:N和C:P；影响高台植物叶功能性状的前3个指标因子为LP、C:N和N:P。（3）冗余分析表明，土壤含水量（SWC）、土壤有机碳含量（SOC）和空气干燥度（AD）是影响两种荒漠植物叶功能性状变化的主要限制环境因子。

关键词: 阻沙固沙带, 典型荒漠植物, 叶功能性状, 环境因子, 河西走廊

Abstract:

In this study, the typical desert plants, Haloxylon ammodendron and Nitraria tangutorum in the sand-blocking and sand-fixing belt of the Hexi Corridor were studied, Through the combination of field survey, sample collection, indoor analysis and statistics, To explore the adaptation strategies of desert plants to arid environment. Select Minqin oasis the sand-blocking and sand-fixing belt and Gaotai oasis the sand-blocking and sand-fixing belt. The natural vegetation sealing protection zone from the upper direction and the downwind tree irrigation shelterbelt, and the sand resistance and sand fixation belt with consistent spatial structure characteristics, Set three 10 m×10 m H. ammodendron quadrats and three 10 m×10 m N. tangutorum quadrats. The spatial distribution characteristics of the main leaf parameters and the environmental factors were analyzed. It aims to provide data support for the evaluation of leaf functional traits in two desert plants. Results showed that, Typical desert plants can adapt leaf functional traits to soil and climatic conditions under specific habitat conditions: (1) Leaf dry material content (LDMC) and specific leaf area (SLA) were significantly different (P<0.05), Leaf organic carbon (LOC), leaf nitrogen (LN) and leaf phosphorus (LP) showed significant differences in the two habitats (P<0.001). (2) Principal component analysis as indicated, The top three index factors affecting the leaf traits of Minqin plants are LN, C:N and C:P; The top three index factors affecting the leaf traits of Gaotai plants are LP, C:N and N:P. (3) Redundancy analysis showed that, soil water content (SWC), soil organic carbon (SOC), and air dryness (AD) are the main limiting environmental factors affecting the functional traits of the two desert plants.

Key words: the sand-blocking and sand-fixing belt, typical desert plants, leaf functional traits, environmental factors, Hexi Corridor

柴巧弟, 马瑞, 王安林, 张富, 刘腾, 田永胜. 河西走廊阻沙固沙带典型荒漠植物叶功能性状[J]. 干旱区研究, 2024, 41(11): 1898-1907.

CHAI Qiaodi, MA Rui, WANG Anlin, ZHANG Fu, LIU Teng, TIAN Yongsheng. Leaf functional traits of typical desert plants in the sand-blocking and sand-fixing belt of the Hexi Corridor[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2024, 41(11): 1898-1907.

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研究区	地理位置	海拔/m	物种	林龄/a	株高/cm	冠幅/cm		枯梢率/%	病虫害	生境描述
研究区	地理位置	海拔/m	物种	林龄/a	株高/cm	长轴	短轴	枯梢率/%	病虫害	生境描述
民勤	38°91′N，103°91′E	1332	梭梭	10~15	167.86±3.06	164.08±9.45	159.88±7.60	15~20	无	土壤类型为沙土，土壤含水量约为0.1%~0.2%
民勤	38°91′N，103°91′E	1332	白刺		90.65±5.57	135.95±6.38	124.42±8.06	无	无	土壤类型为沙土，土壤含水量约为0.1%~0.2%
高台	39°53′N，99°53′E	1228	梭梭	10~15	228.45±7.31	272.10±2.74	213.71±7.47	仅见于风蚀槽内	无	土壤类型为沙土，土壤含水量约为0.2%~0.7%
高台	39°53′N，99°53′E	1228	白刺		145.82±13.23	480.57±10.44	394.82±8.60	无	无	土壤类型为沙土，土壤含水量约为0.2%~0.7%

叶功能性状	生境		物种		生境×物种
叶功能性状	F	P	F	P	F	P
LT	2.939	0.089	51.456	0.001^***	46.56	0.001^***
LWC	9.787	0.002^*	345.204	0.001^***	138.238	0.001^***
LDMC	41.070	0.001^***	148.046	0.001^***	1.316	0.254
SLA	35.768	0.001^***	140.807	0.001^***	4.185	0.043^*
LOC	55.635	0.001^***	1201.515	0.001^***	74.988	0.001^***
LN	79.531	0.001^***	1.475	0.001^***	57.188	0.001^**v
LP	45.049	0.001^***	5.312	0.001^***	118.909	0.001^***
C:N	809.438	0.001^***	0.280	0.598	0.042	0.838
N:P	238.968	0.001^***	103.876	0.001^***	59.729	0.001^***
C:P	373.174	0.001^***	163.228	0.001^***	82.388	0.254

样地	指标因子	LT	LWC	LDMC	SLA	LOC	LN	LP	C:N	N:P	C:P
民勤	LT	1
	LWC	0.031	1
	LDMC	0.046^*	0.732	1
	SLA	-0.093^**	0.686	0.427	1
	LOC	0.064	0.919	0.696	-0.699^**	1
	LN	-0.009	0.447	0.477	0.389	0.529	1
	LP	0.017	0.295	0.213	0.253	0.317	0.089	1
	C:N	0.003	-0.033	-0.150	-0.058^**	-0.100^**	0.871	0.030	1
	N:P	-0.037	0.243	0.306	0.215^*	0.306	0.858	0.431	0.809	1
	C:P	0.013	0.274	0.215	0.183^*	0.306	0.230	0.804	0.078	0.615	1
高台	LT	1
	LWC	0.423	1
	LDMC	0.720	0.427	1
	SLA	-0.517^**	0.242	0.499^*	1
	LOC	0.767	0.417	0.728	0.726	1
	LN	0.618	0.444	0.448^**	0.400	0.599	1
	LP	-0.729^**	-0.511	-0.706^**	-0.646	-0.815^**	-0.569	1
	C:N	-0.149^**	-0.209	0.014^*	0.081	0.034^*	-0.765	0.051	1
	N:P	0.758	0.533	0.641	0.567	0.781	0.899	-0.859	-0.486	1
	C:P	0.780	0.481	0.755	0.715	0.934	0.602	-0.958	-0.012	0.868	1

样地	指标因子	主成分一	主成分二	主成分三	主成分四	综合得分	综合位次	公因子方差
民勤	LT	-1.178	0.254	-1.847	-0.311	-0.818	9	0.974
	LWC	-0.995	-0.354	-1.424	1.341	-0.642	8	0.920
	LDMC	-0.924	-0.124	0.587	2.027	-0.023	5	0.656
	SLA	-0.885	-0.427	-1.228	1.210	-0.593	7	0.671
	LOC	-1.205	0.223	-0.913	1.203	-0.457	6	0.921
	LN	-0.930	-0.535	0.160	0.278	1.234	2	0.991
	LP	-1.059	-0.380	1.373	0.134	0.028	4	0.989
	C:N	-0.818	-0.361	0.100	0.583	0.412	3	0.983
	N:P	-1.153	-0.032	1.193	0.903	-1.007	10	0.995
	C:P	-1.124	-0.178	-0.161	0.225	1.508	1	0.991
	特征值	4.084	2.410	1.567	1.028
	贡献率/%	34.266	26.070	20.263	10.295
	累计贡献率/%	34.266	60.336	80.600	90.895
高台	LT	-1.092	0.469	-1.748	0.267	-0.626	8	0.834
	LWC	-1.161	-0.146	0.242	-0.614	-0.483	5	0.987
	LDMC	-0.299	-0.693	-0.120	-0.607	-0.392	4	0.847
	SLA	-1.061	-0.114	-0.835	0.069	-0.572	6	0.904
	LOC	-1.002	-0.127	-0.794	-0.409	-0.624	7	0.900
	LN	-0.237	-0.151	-2.777	-0.009	-0.742	10	0.980
	LP	-0.697	-0.502	1.386	-0.919	-0.193	3	0.870
	C:N	-0.956	-0.512	1.668	-0.310	-0.146	2	0.981
	N:P	-0.844	-0.723	1.587	0.350	-0.091	1	0.971
	C:P	-0.380	-1.338	-0.287	-0.800	-0.650	9	0.961
	特征值	6.297	1.683	0.742	0.512
	贡献率/%	34.943	23.751	21.512	12.134
	累计贡献率/%	34.943	58.694	80.206	92.339