干旱区研究

干旱区研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (8): 1358-1368.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2023.08.16

• 生态与环境 • 上一篇    

鄯善库木塔格沙漠北缘细菌群落结构特征及影响因素

李娟1(),刘阳2,3,刘光琇2,3,程亮1,郭青云1,张威2,3,章高森2,3()   

  1. 1.青海大学农林科学院植物保护研究所，青海 西宁 810016
    2.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院， 甘肃 兰州 730000
    3.甘肃省极端环境微生物资源与工程重点实验室，甘肃 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2023-01-18 修回日期:2023-04-13 出版日期:2023-08-15 发布日期:2023-08-24
  • 通讯作者: 章高森. E-mail: gaosenzhang@hotmail.com
  • 作者简介:李娟(1990-)，女，博士，主要研究方向为微生物生态学. E-mail: 18293130625@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    第三次新疆综合科学考察项目(2022xjkk1200);中国科学院“西部之光”计划(xbzg-zdsys-202105);青海省重点实验室项目
    (2022-ZJ-Y10)

Study on bacterial community structure and influencing factors in the northern margin of the Shanshan Kumtag Desert

LI Juan1(),LIU Yang2,3,LIU Guangxiu2,3,CHENG Liang1,GUO Qingyun1,ZHANG Wei2,3,ZHANG Gaosen2,3()   

  1. 1. Institute of Plant Protection, Qinghai Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, Qinghai, China
    2. Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
    3. Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Microbial Resources and Engineering, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
  • Received:2023-01-18 Revised:2023-04-13 Online:2023-08-15 Published:2023-08-24

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摘要：

鄯善库木塔格沙漠是一个与城市相连的沙漠，蕴含着丰富独特的微生物菌株资源。为了探究鄯善库木塔格沙漠的微生物群落结构以及其与环境因子之间的关系，采集了鄯善库木塔格沙漠北缘4个样点的表层（0~5 cm）和深层（45~50 cm）的沙土样本，并测定了其含水量（WC）、pH、总碳（TC）、总氮（TN）、总有机碳（TOC）和电导率（EC）；利用高通量测序技术，研究不同采样点、不同深度沙土样本的细菌群落结构；运用Spearman相关性分析环境因子和细菌群落结构之间的相关性，探讨影响细菌群落结构的主要因素。结果表明：鄯善库木塔格沙漠北缘沙土样本呈碱性；门水平上的优势菌是放线菌（Actinobacteria）、厚壁菌（Firmicutes）和变形菌（Proteobacteria），属水平上的优势菌是unclassified_f__Micrococcaceae、Bacillus、Sphingomonas、Escherichia-Shigella。PCoA分析表明，鄯善库木塔格沙漠北缘不同样点之间的细菌群落结构存在显著差异（P<0.05）；表层和深层样本的物种多样性没有显著差异。RDA分析表明，WC、TC、TN和pH显著影响表层样本的细菌群落结构（P<0.05），TOC含量显著影响深层样本的细菌群落结构（P<0.05）。本研究为后期鄯善库木塔格沙漠及相似生境中微生物资源的发掘提供了理论依据。

关键词: 鄯善库木塔格沙漠, 高通量测序, 细菌群落结构, 环境因子, 理化性质

Abstract:

The Shanshan Kumtag Desert, which is connected to the city, contains rich and unique microbial resources. To explore the microbial community structure and its relationship with environmental factors in the Shanshan Kumtag Desert, surface (0-5 cm) and deep (45-50 cm) layer sand samples were collected from four points along the northern margin of the desert. Subsequently, the collected samples were analyzed to determine the water content (WC), pH, total carbon (TC), total nitrogen (TN), total organic carbon (TOC), and electrical conductivity. High-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the bacterial community structure of the sand samples, and Spearman correlation was used to analyze the correlation between environmental factors and the bacterial community structure. The results showed that the collected sand samples were alkaline, and the dominant bacterial phyla were Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes. Among these, the dominant genera were unclassified_f__Micrococcaceae, Bacillus, Sphingomonas, Escherichia-Shigella, and Microbacterium. Significant differences in the bacterial community structure were observed among the different points along the northern margin of the Shanshan Kumtag Desert (P < 0.05). However, no significant difference in species diversity was observed between the surface and deep layer samples. Furthermore, WC, TC, TN, and pH significantly affected the bacterial community structure in the surface samples (P < 0.05), while TOC significantly affected the bacterial community structure in the deep samples (P < 0.05). This study provides a theoretical basis for exploring microbial resources in the Shanshan Kumtag Desert and similar habitats.

Key words: Shanshan Kumtag Desert, high-throughput sequencing, bacterial community structure, environmental factors, physicochemical property