干旱区研究

干旱区研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (6): 1519-1527.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2020.06.17

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1961—2018 年内蒙古生长季昼夜降水气候特征

申露婷1,2， 张方敏1,2， 黄进1,2， 李云鹏3   

  1. （1. 南京信息工程大学应用气象学院，气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心，江苏南京210044； 2. 南京信息工程大学江苏省农业气象重点实验室，江苏南京210044；3. 内蒙古自治区生态与 农业气象中心，内蒙古呼和浩特010051）
  • 收稿日期:2020-03-12 修回日期:2020-08-17 出版日期:2020-11-15 发布日期:2021-01-24
  • 通讯作者: 张方敏. E-mail: fmin.zhang@nuist.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:申露婷（1994-），女，在读硕士研究生，主要研究方向为应用气象. E-mail: 877409935@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    科技部重大研发计划（2018YFC1506606）；江苏省优秀青年基金项目（BK20170102）资助

Climate characteristics of day and night precipitation during the growing season in Inner Mongolia from 1961 to 2018

SHEN Lu-ting1,2, ZHANG Fang-min1,2, HUANG Jin1,2, LI Yun-peng3   

  1. (1. College of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, China; 2. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, China; 3. Ecology and Agrometeorology Center of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot 010051, Inner Mongolia, China)
  • Received:2020-03-12 Revised:2020-08-17 Online:2020-11-15 Published:2021-01-24

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摘要： 基于1961—2018年内蒙古地区103个气象观测站的逐日地面降水资料，运用趋势分析、Mann-Kendall检 验和小波分析方法，分析过去58 a间内蒙古生长季昼夜降水量和降水日数时空分布特征，为未来内蒙古农业发展 和生态修复工程的开展提供科学指导。结果表明：（1）内蒙古地区生长季多年平均昼降水量和昼降水日数总体上 多于夜降水量和夜降水日数，且月份特征差异显著。昼夜降水量和日数均存在不同的周期变化特征，但区域昼夜 降水总量基本没变，昼夜降水日数呈减少趋势。（2）内蒙古地区生长季平均年降水量和降水日数空间分布均呈现由 东北向西北均匀递减的特征，但是在内蒙古中南部和东部昼降水量对日降水量贡献高，昼夜降水量差值和昼夜降 水日数差值大，在西部昼夜降水量和降水日数差异小。（3）生长季昼夜降水量空间变化相似，即中部下降，西部和东 北部增加。但是昼夜降水日数空间变化差异较大，昼降水日数在西部基本不变，在中部和东北部基本呈下降趋势， 而夜降水日数在中西部和东北西部呈增加趋势，在东南至东北部呈下降趋势。

关键词: 昼夜降水, 夜雨率, 变化趋势, 变化周期, 内蒙古

Abstract: The aim of this study is to provide scientific guidance for agricultural development and ecological restoration projects in Inner Mongolia. The spatial and temporal climate characteristics of day and night precipitation amounts in Inner Mongolia during the growing season from 1961 to 2018 were analyzed based on the daily surface precipitation data collected at 103 meteorological observation stations using trend analysis, Mann- Kendall test, and Morlet wavelet. In the past 58 years, the average annual precipitation amounts in the daytime were more than those at night during the growing season in Inner Mongolia. However, day and night precipitation amounts showed significant monthly variation as well as different oscillation periods. The day and night precipitation amounts did not change obviously, but the number of day and night precipitation days showed decreasing trends. The annual precipitation amount and days had similar spatial distributions, decreasing from the northeast to the southwest. Day precipitation contributed more to the daily total precipitation amount in southcentral and eastern Inner Mongolia, whereas the difference between day and night precipitation amounts (DDNA) and the difference between day and night precipitation days (DDND) were both higher than west Inner Mongolia. The DDNA and DDND were smaller in western Inner Mongolia. In addition, the variation patterns of day and night precipitation were similar, showing decreasing trends in central Inner Mongolia but increasing trends in western and eastern Inner Mongolia. However, the number of day and night precipitation days showed quite different spatial variation patterns. The number of day precipitation days did not change obviously in western Inner Mongolia but decreased in central and northeast Inner Mongolia. The number of night precipitation days increased in western, central, and northeastern Inner Mongolia but decreased from southeast to northeast.

Key words: day and night precipitation, night precipitation rate, change trend, oscillation period, Inner Mongolia