新疆猪毛菜属植物多样性及其地理分布特征

干旱区研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (1): 185-192.

新疆猪毛菜属植物多样性及其地理分布特征

闻志彬^1,
2,冯缨¹

1. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所，中国科学院干旱区生物地理与生物资源重点实验室，新疆乌鲁木齐 830011； 2. 中国科学院大学，北京 101408

收稿日期:2019-04-10 修回日期:2019-05-15 出版日期:2020-01-15 发布日期:2020-01-15
通讯作者: 冯缨
作者简介:闻志彬（1983-）, 女, 副研究员, 研究方向为藜科植物系统与进化.E-mail:zhibinwen@ms.xjb.ac.cn
基金资助:
中国科学院战略生物资源服务网络计划生物标本馆经典分类学青年人才项目（ZSBR-007）; 国家自然科学基金面上项目（31670339; 31970354）资助

Biodiversity and Geographical Distribution of the Genus Salsola L. in Xinjiang

WEN Zhi-bin^{1, 2}, FENG Ying¹

1. Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Biological Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences/Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,Xinjiang,China;
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408,China

Received:2019-04-10 Revised:2019-05-15 Online:2020-01-15 Published:2020-01-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

猪毛菜属（Salsola L.）是藜科中最大的属之一，在新疆植物区系和植物资源开发利用中占有重要地位。通过对新疆猪毛菜属32种植物的果时花被片附属物和叶片解剖结构的特征及其地理分布的分析，结果表明：① 果期花被片的附属物可分为两类，其中具翅状附属物的形态更加丰富； ② 得到4种叶片解剖结构类型，包括C₃-SYMP型、C₃-C₄中间型、C₄-SALS+H型和C₄-SALS-H型。依据叶片解剖结构类型判断，新疆猪毛菜属中C₄植物占到绝大多数； ③ 在新疆分布的猪毛菜属种类以草本植物居多，其生境主要以旱生和盐生环境为主；④ 猪毛菜属植物分布在新疆的6个地理分布地区，其中以准噶尔亚地区分布最多，塔城伊犁亚地区分布次之； ⑤ 新疆猪毛菜属植物与国外邻近地区的共有种明显多于国内邻近地区。

关键词: 猪毛菜属, 植物多样性, 地理分布, 植物区系, 新疆

Abstract:

Salsola (L.) is one of the biggest genera in the family Chenopodiaceae and plays an important role in the flora and plant resources utilization in Xinjiang. In this study, the biodiversity (including fruiting perianths and leaf anatomical structures) and geographical distribution of 32 Salsola species distributed in Xinjiang were observed. The results were as follows: = 1 \* GB3 ① According to the fruiting perianths with or without the winglike appendages, they were divided into two kinds, and the kind with winglike appendages had more abundant forms; = 2 \* GB3 ② There were four leaf anatomical structures including C₃-SYMP, C₃-C₄, C₄-SALS+H, and C₄-SALS-H. Based on these structures, the most Salsola species in Xinjiang were C₄ plants; = 3 \* GB3 ③ The Salsola species in Xinjiang were mostly herbaceous, and their habitats were mainly in dry and salty environments; = 4 \* GB3 ④ They were distributed in six geographical areas in Xinjiang, and the most ones were distributed in the Juggar subregion, and then in the Tacheng-Yili subregion; = 5 \* GB3 ⑤ The common Salsola species in Xinjiang and the neighboring countries were significantly more than those in the neighboring regions of China.

Key words: Salsola, biodiversity; geographical distribution, flora, Xinjiang

闻志彬, 冯缨.

新疆猪毛菜属植物多样性及其地理分布特征 [J]. 干旱区研究, 2020, 37(1): 185-192.

WEN Zhi-bin, FENG Ying. Biodiversity and Geographical Distribution of the Genus Salsola L. in Xinjiang[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2020, 37(1): 185-192.

参考文献 35

[1]	Freitag H.Salsola L.Chenopodiaceae.Rechinger K H.Flora Iranica:Vol 172[M].Graz：Akademische Druck und Verlagsanstalt，1997.
[2]	Botschantzev V P.Sbornik rabot pogeobatanike,lesovedeniju,paleogeografii floristike dva novykh roda iz semeistva marevykh[C]//Akademiku V N,Sukachevu K.Akademia Nauk SSSR.Moscow：Izdatel’stvo Akademia Nauk SSSR，1956.
[3]	Botschantzev V P.The genus Salsola:A concise history of its development and dispersal[J].Botanicheskii Zhurnal，1969，54：989-1 001.
[4]	Botschantzev V P.Conspectus specierum sections Coccosalsola Fe nzl generis Salsola L.[J].Novosti Sistematik Vysshikh Rastenii，1976，13：74-102.
[5]	Akhani H,Trimborn P,Ziegler H.Photosynthetic pathways in Chenopodiaceae from Africa,Asia and Europe with their ecological,phytogeographical and taxonomical importance[J].Plant Systematics and Evolution，1997，206：187-221.
[6]	中国植物志编辑委员会.中国植物志:第二十五卷，第二分册[M].北京：科学出版社，1979.[Flora of China Editorial Committee.Flora of China:Vol 25(2)[M].Beijing：Science Press，1979.]
[7]	Zhu G L,Mosyakin S L,Clemants S E.Chenopodiaceae.Wu Z Y,Raven P H.Flora of China:Vol(5)[M].St Louis：Science Press，2003.
[8]	新疆植物志编辑委员会.新疆植物志:第二卷，第一分册[M].乌鲁木齐：新疆科技卫生出版社，1994.[Flora of Xinjiang Editorial Committee.Flora Xinjiangensis:Vol 2(1)[M].Urumqi:Xinjiang Science Technology and Hygiene Publishing House，1994.]
[9]	王勋陵.植物生态解剖学研究进展[J].植物学通报，1993，10（增刊）：1-10.[Wang Xunling.Advances in plant ecological anatomy[J].Chinese Bulletin of Botany，1993，10（Suppl.）：1-10.]
[10]	任运涛，张晨曦，尚占燕，等.阿拉善荒漠区5种植物叶片性状的季节动态[J].干旱区研究，2017，34（3）：823-831.[Ren Yuntao,Zhang Chenxi,Shang Zhanyan,et al.Seasonal variation of leaf traits of five eremophyte species in the Alxa desert[J].Arid Zone Research，2017，34（3）：823-831.]
[11]	闻志彬，张明理.30种藜科C4植物同化器官解剖结构及δ13C值[J].中国沙漠，2014，34（4）：1 015-1 022.[Wen Zhibin,Zhang Mingli.Anatomical types of leaves and assimilating shoots and carbon 13C/12C isotope fractionation values of 30 C4 species from Chenopodiaceae in Xinjiang[J].Journal of Desert Research，2014，34（4）：1 015-1 022.]
[12]	王俊惠.蒿叶猪毛菜光合碳同化途径的适应性进化研究[D].杨凌：西北农林科技大学，2017.[Wang Junhui.The Adaptive Evolution of Photosynthetic Carbon Assimilating Pathway in Salsola abrotanoides[D].Yangling：Northwest A & F University，2017.]
[13]	Carolin R C,Jacobs S W L,Vesk M.Leaf structure in Chenopodiaceae[J].Botanishe Jahrbucher fur Systematishe Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie，1975，95：226-255.
[14]	Voznesenskaya E V,Artyusheva E G,Franceschi V R,et al.Salsola arbusculiformis,a C3-C4 intermediate in Salsoleae (Chenopodiaceae)[J].Annuals of Botany，2001，88：337-348.
[15]	Wen Z B,Zhang M L.Salsola laricifolia,another C3-C4 intermediate species in tribe Salsoleae s.l.(Chenopodiaceae)[J].Photosynthesis Research，2015，123：33-43.
[16]	闻志彬，张明理.新疆猪毛菜属17种C4植物叶片和子叶的解剖结构研究[J].干旱区研究，2016，33（1）：101-107.[Wen Zhibin,Zhang Mingli.Anatomical type of leaves and cotyledons of 17 kinds of C4 species from genus Salsola (Chenopodiaceae) in Xinjiang[J].Arid Zone Research，2016，33（1）：101-107.]
[17]	刘建国.猪毛菜属的系统与地理分布[J].植物科学杂志，1991，11（1）：101-107.[Liu Jianguo.Systematic notes and distribution of the genus Salsola L.[J].Bulletion of Botanical Research,1991，11（1）：101-107.]
[18]	黄俊华.中国猪毛菜属(Salsola L.)植物的地理分布特点[J].干旱区地理，2005，28（3）：325-329.[Huang Junhua.Geographical distribution of Salsola L.in China[J].Arid Land Geography，2005，28（3）：325-329.]
[19]	李安仁.中国猪毛菜属的分类研究[C]//中国植物学会三十周年年会摘要汇编，1963:76-78.[Li Anren.Taxonomic study on the genus Salsola in China[C]//Summary Compilation of the Thirtieth Anniversary Meeting of the Chinese Botanical Society，1963:76-78.]
[20]	孔宪武，朱格麟，简焯坡.中国藜科植物[J].植物分类学报，1978，16（1）：99-123.[Kong Xianwu,Zhu Gelin,Jian Zhuopo.The Chenopodiaceae plants in China[J].Journal of Systematics and Evolution，1978，16（1）：99-123.]
[21]	朱格麟.藜科植物的起源、分化和地理分布[J].植物分类学报，1995，34（5）：486-504.[Zhu Gelin.Origin,differentiation,and geographic distribution of the Chenopodiaceae[J].Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica,1995，34（5）：486-504.]
[22]	吴征镒，孙航，周浙昆，等.中国种子植物区系地理[M].北京：科学出版社，2010.[Wu Zhengyi,Sun Hang,Zhou Zhekun,et al.Floristics of Seed Plants from China[M].Beijing：Science Press，2010.]
[23]	刘尚武.青海植物志:第一卷[M].西宁：青海人民出版社，1997.[Liu Shangwu.Flora of Qinghai:Vol(1)[M].Xining：Qinghai People’s Publishing House，1997.]
[24]	吴征镒.西藏植物志:第一卷[M].北京：科学出版社，1983.[Wu Zhengyi.Flora of Xizang:Vol(1)[M].Beijing：Science Press，1983.]
[25]	Goloskokov V P.Salsola.Azanova A I.Flora of Kazakhstan:Vol (3)[M].Alma Ata：Nauk Kazakhst.SSR，1960.
[26]	Iljin M M.Salsola.Shishkin B K.Flora SSSR:Vol (6)[M].Leningrad：Izdatel’ Stvo Akad.Nauk SSSR，1936.
[27]	Kinzikayeva G K.Salsola.Ovczinnikov P.Flora of Tadzhikistan:Vol (3)[M].Frunze:Publishing House，1968.
[28]	Nikitina E W.Salsola[C]//Vvedensky A I,Schischkin B K.Flora of Kirghizstan SSR:Vol(5).Frunze：Publishing House，1955.
[29]	Rilke S.Salsola.Virtual guide to the flora of Mongolia,2012,http:www.FloraGreif.
[30]	郑国锠，谷祝平.生物显微技术[M].第二版.北京：高等教育出版社，1994.[Zheng Guochang,Gu Zhuping.Biological Microscopy[M].2nd.Beijing：Higher Eduction Press，1994.]
[31]	Sage R F,Monson R K.C4 Plant Biology[M].California：Academic Press，1999.
[32]	Christin P A,Sage T L,Edwards E J,et al.Complex evolutionary transitions and the significance of C3-C4 intermediate forms of photosynthesis in Molluginaceae[J].Evolution，2011，65：643-660.
[33]	高松，苏培玺，严巧娣，等.C4荒漠植物猪毛菜与木本猪毛菜的叶片解剖结构及光合生理特征[J].植物生态学报，2009，33（2）：347-354.[Gao Song,Su Peixi,Yan Qiaodi,et al.Leaf anatomical structure and photosynthetic physiological characteristics of C4 desert species Salsola collina and S.arbuscula[J].Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology，2009，33（2）：347-354.]
[34]	谭珂，董书鹏,卢涛,等.被子植物翅果的多样性及演化[J].植物生态学报，2018，42（8）：806-817.[Tan Ke,Dong Shupeng,Lu Tao,et al.Diversity and evolution of samara in angiosperm[J].Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology，2018，42（8）：806-817.]
[35]	Wei Y,Dong M,Huang Z Y,et al.Factors influencing seed germination of Salsola affinis (Chenopodiaceae),a dominant annual halophyte inhabiting the deserts of Xinjiang,China[J].Flora，2008，203：134-140.