2005—2015年石羊河流域生态系统服务时空分异

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 生态系统服务研究是目前生态学领域的热点和前沿。以石羊河流域为研究区，借助GIS技术和方法，对流域2005、2010年和2015年的水源涵养、土壤保持、水质净化、碳储存、生物多样性、食品供给6项服务进行定量评估，并对不同地类的服务变化规律及生态系统功能分区进行探索与研究。结果表明：① 各服务类型在空间上表现出差异性规律：水源涵养、生物多样性、碳储存在空间上呈现西南高东北低，高值沿河流及周围带状分布的空间格局；水质净化高值区分布较为零碎；武威、永昌和民勤盆地等地为食品供给服务的高值区。② 在不同土地利用类型中，草地和耕地是承担生态系统供给服务的关键角色。③ 研究区划分为3项生态功能区，即祁连山生态保育区、流域绿洲生态功能区、荒漠生态功能区。通过对石羊河流域生态系统服务时空分异特征进行深入分析，以期为相关研究提供数据和方法支持，并为相关流域生态保护与建设目标提供科学参考。

关键词: InVEST模型, 土地利用类型, 生态系统服务功能, 生态功能分区, 石羊河流域

Abstract:

The study on ecosystem services has become as a hot topic and frontier in the field of ecology. The Shiyang River Basin was taken as the research object to estimate the ecosystem services including the water conservation, soil retention, water purification, biodiversity sustaining, carbon storage and food supply based on GIS technology and methods in 2005, 2010 and 2015. Moreover, the evolution of the spatiotemporal pattern of ecosystem services, change of ecosystem services based on land use types and compartment of ecosystem functions were explored and studied. The results firstly showed that: ① these ecosystem services presented the spatially differential characteristics, the spatial pattern of water conservation, biodiversity maintenance and carbon storage presented the characteristics that the “lowvalue zones were located in the northeast, and the highvalue zones were mostly distributed in the southwest”. In addition, the distribution of highvalue zones of water purification was fragmentary. And the highvalue zones of food supply were located in Wuwei, Yongchang and Minqin basins; ② Among the different land use types, grassland and cultivated land played the main role of providing ecosystem services; ③ The basin was divided into three ecological functional areas, namely Qilian ecological conservation area, watershed oasis ecological function area and desert ecological function area. The study and analysis of the spatiotemporal differentiation of ecosystem services in the Shiyang River Basin provided the support of data and methods for relevant research, and also the scientific references for determining the goal of watershed ecological protection and construction.

Key words: InVEST model, land use type, ecosystem service function, ecological function zone, Shiyang River Basin

王蓓, 赵军, 仲俊涛. 2005—2015年石羊河流域生态系统服务时空分异[J]. 干旱区研究, 2019, 36(2): 474-485.

WANG Bei, ZHAO Jun, ZHONG Jun-tao. Spatiotemporal Differentiation of Ecosystem Services in the Shiyang River Basin from 2005 to 2015[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2019, 36(2): 474-485.

参考文献 0

	〔1〕Costanza R,Arge R D,Groot R,et al.The value of the world’s ecosystem services and natural capital〔J〕.Nature,1997,387(6 630):253-260.
	〔2〕Whittaker R H,Likens G E.Primary production:The biosphere and man〔J〕.Human Ecology,1973,1(4):357-369.
	〔3〕Wilson C L,Matthews W H.Man’ s Impact on the Global Environment:Assessment and Recommendations for Action〔M〕.Cambridge：Massachusetts MIT Press,1970：319.
	〔4〕Ehrlich P R,Ehrlich A H.Extinction:The Causes and Consequences of the Disappearance of Species〔M〕.United States:Ballantine Books,1985.
	〔5〕Holdren J P,Ehrlich P R.Human population and the global environment〔J〕.American Scientist,1974,62(3):282-92.
	〔6〕Ehrlich P R,Ehrlich A H,Holdren J P.Ecosciencepopulation,resources,environment〔M〕.San Francisco:W.H.Freeman & Company,1979,9(4):127-127.
	〔7〕Westman W E.How much are nature’s services worth?〔J〕.Science,1977,197(4 307):960-964.
	〔8〕Ehrlich P R,Ehrlich A H.Extinction〔M〕.New York:Simon and Schuster,1981.
	〔9〕Daily G.Nature’s Services:Societal Dependence on Natural Ecosystems〔M〕.Washington DC:Island Press,1997.
	〔10〕Cairns J J.Protecting the delivery of ecosystem services〔J〕.Ecosystem Health,1997,3(3):185-194.
	〔11〕Alexander S E,Schneider S H,Lagerquist K.The interaction of climate and life〔C〕//Daily G.Nature’s Services:Societal Dependence on Natural Ecosystems.Washington DC:Island Press,1997:71-92.
	〔12〕Naylor R,Ehrlich P R.Natural pest control services and agriculture〔C〕// Daily G.Nature’s Services:Societal Dependence on Natural Ecosystems.Washington DC:Island Press,1997:151-174.
	〔13〕Schulze,E D,Mooney H.Biodiversity and Ecosystem Function〔M〕.Berlin:SpringerVerlag,1993:237-253.
	〔14〕Millennium Ecosystem Assessment Program.Ecosystems and Human Well-being:Our Human Planet:Summary for decision makers〔M〕.Washington DC:Island Press,2005.
	〔15〕世界资源研究所,国家环境保护总局履行《生物多样性公约》办公室.生态系统与人类福祉:生物多样性综合报告，千年生态系统评估〔R〕．北京:中国环境科学出版社,2005.〔World Resources Institute,Office of the State Administration of Environmental Protection for the Implementation of the Convention on Biological Diversity.Ecosystems and Human WellBeing:A Comprehensive Report on Biological Diversity,Millennium Ecosystem Assessment〔R〕.Beijing:China Environmental Science Press,2005.〕
	〔16〕Johnson J A,Runge C F,Senauer B,et al.Global agriculture and carbon trade-offs〔J〕.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,2014,111(34):12 342-12 347.
	〔17〕Bhagabati N K,Ricketts T,Sulistyawan T B S,et al.Ecosystem services reinforce Sumatran tiger conservation in land use plans〔J〕.Biological Conservation,2013,169:147-156.
	〔18〕Shaw M R,Pendleton L,Cameron D R,et al.The impact of climate change on California’s ecosystem services〔J〕.Climatic Change,2011,109(1):465-484.
	〔19〕Polasky S,Nelson E,Pennington D,et al.The impact of land-use change on ecosystem services,biodiversity and returns to landowners:A case study in the state of Minnesota〔J〕.Environmental and Resource Economics,2011,48(2):219-242.
	〔20〕Goldstein J H,Caldarone G,Duarte T K,et al.Integrating ecosystem-service tradeoffs into landuse decisions〔J〕.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,2012,109(19):7 565-7 570.
	〔21〕SánchezCanales M,Benito A L,Passuello A,et al.Sensitivity analysis of ecosystem service valuation in a Mediterranean watershed〔J〕.Science of the Total Environment,2012,440:140-153.
	〔22〕Fisher B,Turner R K,Burgess N D,et al.Measuring,modeling and mapping ecosystem services in the Eastern Arc Mountains of Tanzania〔J〕.Progress in Physical Geography,2011,35(5):595-611.
	〔23〕Leh M D,Matlock M D,Cummings E C,et al.Quantifying and mapping multiple ecosystem services change in West Africa〔J〕.Agriculture,Ecosystems & Environment,2013,165:6-18.
	〔24〕欧阳志云,王效科,苗鸿.中国陆地生态系统服务功能及其生态经济价值的初步研究〔J〕.生态学报,1999,19(5):607-613.〔Ouyang Zhiyun,Wang Xiaoke,Miao Hong.A primary study on Chinese terrestrial ecosystem services and their ecologicaleconomic values〔J〕.Acta Ecologica Sinica,1999,19(5):607-613.〕
	〔25〕鲁春霞,谢高地,肖玉,等.青藏高原生态系统服务功能的价值评估〔J〕.生态学报,2004,24(12):2 749-2 755.〔Lu Chunxia,Xie Gaodi,Xiao Yu,et al.Ecosystem diversity and economic valuation of QinghaiTibet Plateau〔J〕.Acta Ecologica Sinica,2004,24(12):2 749-2 755.〕
	〔26〕刘秀丽,张勃,杨艳丽,等.五台山地区森林生态系统服务功能价值评估〔J〕.干旱区研究,2017,34(3):613-620.〔Liu Xiuli,Zhang Bo,Yang Yanli,et al.Evaluation of forest ecosystem service function value in Wutai mountain region〔J〕.Arid Zone Research,2017,34(3):613-620.〕
	〔27〕王雅,蒙吉军.黑河中游土地利用变化对生态系统服务的影响〔J〕.干旱区研究,2017,34(1):200-207.〔Wang Ya,Meng Jijun.Impact of land use change on ecosystem services in the middle reaches of Heihe River〔J〕.Arid Zone Research,2017,34(1):200-207.〕
	〔28〕傅斌,徐佩,王玉宽,等.都江堰市水源涵养功能空间格局〔J〕.生态学报,2013,33(3):789-797.〔Fu Bin,Xu Pei,Wang Yukuan.Spatial pattern of water retention in Dujiangyan County〔J〕.Acta Ecologica Sinica,2013,33(3):789-797.〕
	〔29〕黄从红,杨军,张文娟.生态系统服务功能评估模型研究进展〔J〕.生态学杂志,2013,32(12):3 360-3 367.〔Huang Conghong,Yang Jun,Zhang Wenjuan.Development of ecosystem services evaluation models:Research progress〔J〕.Chinese Journal of Ecology,2013,32(12):3 360-3 367.〕
	〔30〕李屹峰,罗跃初,刘纲,等.土地利用变化对生态系统服务功能的影响——以密云水库流域为例〔J〕.生态学报,2013,33(3):726-736.〔Li Yifeng,Luo Yuechu,Liu Gang,et al.Effects of land use change on ecosystem services:A case study in Miyun reservoir watershed〔J〕.Acta Ecologica Sinica,2013,33(3):726-736.〕
	〔31〕吴健生,张理卿,彭建,等.深圳市景观生态安全格局源地综合识别〔J〕.生态学报,2013,33(13):4 125-4 133.〔Wu Jiansheng,Zhang Liqin,Peng Jian,et al.The integrated recognition of the source area of the urban ecological security pattern in Shenzhen〔J〕.Acta Ecologica Sinica,2013,33(13):4 125-4 133.〕
	〔32〕李仁强,黄从红,张文娟,等.林业生态系统服务功能评估手册〔M〕.北京：北京林业大学,中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,2014.〔Li Renqiang,Huang Conghong,Zhang Wenjuan,et al.Evaluation Manual of Forest Ecosystem Service Function〔M〕.Bejing：Beijing Forestry University,Institute of Geographical Sciences and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,2014.〕
	〔33〕刘焱序,徐光,姜洪源,等.东北林区生态系统服务与健康协同分析〔J〕.地理科学进展,2015,34(6):761-771.〔Liu Yanxu,Xu Guang,Jiang Hongyuan,et al.Synergy between ecosystem services and ecosystem health in the forest area of Northeast China〔J〕.Progress in Geography,2015,34(6):761-771.〕
	〔34〕唐尧,祝炜平,张慧,等.InVEST模型原理及其应用研究进展〔J〕.生态科学,2015,34(3):204-208.〔Tang Yao,Zhu Weiping,Zhang Hui,et al.A review on principle and application of the InVEST model〔J〕.Ecologic Science,2015,34(3):204-208.〕
	〔35〕王雅,蒙吉军,齐杨,等.基于InVEST模型的生态系统管理综述〔J〕.生态学杂志,2015,34(12):3 526-3 532.〔Wang Ya,Meng Jijun,Qi Yang.Review of ecosystem management based on the InVEST model〔J〕.Chinese Journal of Ecology,2015,34(12):3 526-3 532.〕
	〔36〕马国军,林栋.石羊河流域生态系统服务功能经济价值评估〔J〕.中国沙漠,2009,29(6):1 173-1 177.〔Ma Guojun,Lin Dong.Evaluation of economic value of ecosystem service function in Shiyang River Basin〔J〕.Journal of Desert Research,2009,29(6):1 173-1 177.〕
	〔37〕蒋小荣,李丁,李智勇.基于土地利用的石羊河流域生态服务价值〔J〕.中国人口资源与环境,2010,20(6):68-73.〔Jiang Xiaorong,Li Ding,Li Zhiyong.Ecosystem service values based on land use in Shiyang River Basin〔J〕.China Population,Resources and Environment,2010,20(6):68-73.〕
	〔38〕赵军，韦莉，陈姗.石羊河流域上游生态系统服务价值的变化研究〔J〕.干旱区资源与环境,2010,24(1):36-40.〔Zhao Jun,Wei Li,Chen Shan.Dynamics of the ecosystem service values along the upper reaches of Shiyanghe River Basin〔J〕.Journal of Arid Resources and Environment,2010,24(1):36-40.〕
	〔39〕刘海猛,石培基,周俊菊,等.石羊河中游径流损耗特征及其影响因素〔J〕.地理科学进展,2013,32(1):87-94.〔Liu Haimeng,Shi Peiji,Zhou Junju,et al.Characteristics and influencing factors of runoff consumption in the midstream of Shiyang River〔J〕.Progress in Geography,2013,32(1):87-94.〕
	〔40〕刘金荣,谢晓蓉,金自学,等.河西走廊干旱荒漠区盐碱化土地修复与调控研究——以石羊河灌区为例〔J〕.中国地质灾害与防治学报,2005,16(4):89-92.〔Liu Jinrong,Xie Xiaorong,Jin Zixue,et al.Research on the restoration and regulation of salinized land in arid and desert areas of Hexi Corridor:A case study of irrigation area in Shiyang River Basin〔J〕.Chinese Journal of Geological Hazards and Prevention,2005,16(4):89-92.〕
	〔41〕Wischmeier W H,Smith D.Predicting Rainfall Erosion Losses：A Guide to Conservation Planning〔M〕.Washington DC:USDAARS Agriculture Handbook,1978.
	〔42〕胡胜,曹明明,刘琪,等.不同视角下InVEST模型的土壤保持功能对比〔J〕.地理研究,2015,33(12):2 393-2 406.〔Hu Sheng,Cao Mingming,Liu Qi,et al.Comparative study on the soil conservation function of InVEST model under different perspectives〔J〕.Geographical Research,2014,33(12):2 393-2 406.〕
	〔43〕王蓓,赵军,胡秀芳,等.基于InVEST模型的黑河流域生态系统服务空间格局分析〔J〕.生态学杂志,2016,35(10):1 000-4 890.〔Wang Bei,Zhao Jun,Hu Xiufang,et al.Spatial pattern analysis of ecosystem services based on InVEST in Heihe River Basin〔J〕.Chinese Journal of ecology,2016,35(10):1 000-4 890.〕
	〔44〕李双成,马程,王阳,等.生态系统服务地理学〔M〕.北京:科学出版社,2014.〔Li Shuangcheng,Ma Cheng,Wang Yang,et al.The Geography of Ecosystem Services〔M〕.Beijing:Science Press,2014.〕
	〔45〕Gupta S C,Larson W E.Estimating soil water retention characteristics from particle size distribution,organic matter percent,and bulk density〔J〕.Water Resources Research,1979,15(6):1 633-1 635.
	〔46〕Penman H L.Natural evaporation from open water,bare soil and grass〔J〕.Proceedings of the Royal Society London A,1948,193(1 032):120-145.
	〔47〕Allen Wardell G,Bernhardt P,Bitner R,et al.The potential consequences of pollinator declines on the conservation of biodiversity and stability of food crop yields〔J〕.Conservation Biology,1998,12(1):8-17.
	〔48〕刘伟平,连辑,李沛文,等.甘肃发展年鉴〔M〕.北京:中国统计出版社,2006.〔Liu Weiping,Lian Ji,Li Peiwen,et al.Gansu Development Yearbook〔M〕.Beijing:China Statistical Publishing House,2006.〕
	〔49〕刘伟平,连辑,李沛文,等.甘肃发展年鉴〔M〕.北京:中国统计出版社,2011.〔Liu Weiping,Lian Ji,Li Peiwen,et al.Gansu Development Yearbook〔M〕.Beijing:China Statistical Publishing House,2011.〕
	〔50〕刘伟平,连辑,李沛文,等.甘肃发展年鉴〔M〕.北京:中国统计出版社,2016.〔Liu Weiping,Lian Ji,Li Peiwen,et al.Gansu Development Yearbook〔M〕.Beijing:China Statistical Publishing House,2016.〕
	〔51〕蔡崇法,丁树文,史志华.应用USLE模型与地理信息系统IDRISI预测小流域土壤侵蚀量的研究〔J〕.土壤保持学报,2000,14(2):19-24.〔Cai Chongfa,Ding Shuwen,Shi Zhihua,et al.Study of applying USLE and geographical information system IDRISI to predict soil erosion in small watershed〔J〕.Journal of soil and water conservation,2000,14(2):19-24.〕
	〔52〕郑度,姚檀栋.青藏高原隆升与环境效应〔M〕.北京:科学出版社,2004.〔Zheng Du,Yao Tandong.Uplift and Environmental Effects of the Tibetan Plateau〔M〕.Beijing:Science Press,2004.〕
	〔53〕Williams J R,Renard K G,Dyke P T.EPIC:A new method for assessing erosion’s effect on soil productivity〔J〕.Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,1983,38(5):381-383.
	〔54〕张科利,彭文英,杨红丽.中国土壤可蚀性值及其估算〔J〕.土壤学报,2007,44(1):7-13.〔Zhang Keli,Peng Wenying,Yang Hongli.Soil erodibility and estimation of China〔J〕.Chinese Journal of Soil Science,2007,44(1):7-13.〕

[1]	马瑶瑶, 史培军, 徐伟, 张钢锋. 干旱区水电站建设运营生态环境影响遥感监测[J]. 干旱区研究, 2023, 40(9): 1498-1508.
[2]	申草,任宗萍,李鹏,王凯博,鲁克新,任正龑,魏小燕. 宁夏水土保持生态补偿优先区识别[J]. 干旱区研究, 2023, 40(9): 1527-1536.
[3]	张晓敏, 张东梅, 张伟. 人类活动对额尔齐斯河流域碳储量的影响[J]. 干旱区研究, 2023, 40(8): 1333-1345.
[4]	包玉斌,王耀宗,路锋,刘自增,马大为,杨勇,吴娟,张永康. 六盘山区国土空间生态安全格局构建与分区优化[J]. 干旱区研究, 2023, 40(7): 1172-1183.
[5]	任丽雯, 王兴涛, 刘明春, 王大为. 石羊河流域植被净初级生产力时空变化及驱动因素[J]. 干旱区研究, 2023, 40(5): 818-828.
[6]	陈实, 黄银兰, 金云翔. 退耕还林（草）工程实施前后黄河中游生境质量时空变化分析[J]. 干旱区研究, 2023, 40(3): 456-468.
[7]	王鹏, 秦思彤, 胡慧蓉. 近30 a拉萨河流域土地利用变化和生境质量的时空演变特征[J]. 干旱区研究, 2023, 40(3): 492-503.
[8]	柴会霞, 安志山, 潘加朋. 石羊河流域水文与水资源特征及其对沙漠化影响[J]. 干旱区研究, 2023, 40(12): 1898-1906.
[9]	雷馨, 海新权. 祁连山地区土地利用变化对碳储量的影响及经济价值估算[J]. 干旱区研究, 2023, 40(11): 1845-1854.
[10]	戴君, 胡海珠, 毛晓敏, 张霁. 基于CMIP6多模式预估数据的石羊河流域未来气候变化趋势分析[J]. 干旱区研究, 2023, 40(10): 1547-1562.
[11]	卢雅焱,徐晓亮,李基才,冯小华,刘璐媛. 基于InVEST模型的新疆天山碳储量时空演变研究[J]. 干旱区研究, 2022, 39(6): 1896-1906.
[12]	王琦琨,武玮,杨雪琪,桑国庆. 陕西省生境质量时空演变及驱动机制分析[J]. 干旱区研究, 2022, 39(5): 1684-1694.
[13]	戴文渊,郭武,郑志祥,陈亦晨,张芮,许勇. 石羊河流域水生态安全影响因子及驱动机制研究[J]. 干旱区研究, 2022, 39(5): 1555-1563.
[14]	胡长通,杨涛,万旭昊,孙来康,郑奕文,严雪溶. 西安市河流沉积物重金属分布特征及其与土地利用类型关系[J]. 干旱区研究, 2022, 39(4): 1270-1281.
[15]	李小琴,冉宸,张晓霞,冉新民. 近60 a石羊河流域蒸发量变化及其原因分析[J]. 干旱区研究, 2022, 39(3): 745-753.