干旱区研究

干旱区研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (5): 1173-1180.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2018.05.22

• 气候环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

1962—2015年宁夏平均气温和极端气温的变化特征

刘学智1, 李王成1,2,3, 苏振娟1, 王帅1, 李晨1, 王霞1   

  1. 1.宁夏大学土木与水利工程学院,宁夏 银川 750021;
    2.西北退化生态系统恢复与重建教育部重点实验室,宁夏 银川 750021;
    3.旱区现代农业水资源高效利用教育部工程研究中心,宁夏 银川 750021
  • 收稿日期:2018-01-23 修回日期:2018-05-30 出版日期:2018-09-15 发布日期:2025-11-18
  • 通讯作者: 张彦龙. E-mail:zhangyl@caf.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:刘学智(1993-),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为农业水资源高效利用.E-mail: 1375084511@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点科研项目(2016YFC0501502);中国科学院“西部之光”项目(XBBS201307)资助

Change of Mean Temperature and Extreme Temperature in Ningxia during the Period of 1962-2015

LIU Xue-zhi1, LI Wang-cheng1,2,3, SU Zhen-juan1, WANG Shuai1, LI Chen1, WANG Xia1   

  1. 1. School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,Ningxia,China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Degenerated Ecosystem Restoration and Reconstruction in Northwest China of Ministry of Education,Yinchuan 750021,Ningxia,China;
    3. Efficient Utilization of Water Resources in Modern Agriculture in Arid Area,Ministry of Education, Yinchuan 750021,Ningxia,China
  • Received:2018-01-23 Revised:2018-05-30 Published:2018-09-15 Online:2025-11-18

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摘要： 气候环境是生态健康、社会持续发展中不可控因素,而温度是维持气候系统稳定,提供人类宜居环境的重要条件。为明确宁夏地区平均气温与极端气温事件,运用线性倾向、小波分析、相关分析等,对宁夏1962—2015年平均气温和极端气温事件进行了分析。结果表明:1962年以来宁夏全区、北部、中部干旱带及南部山区以0.38 ℃·(10a)-1、0.42 ℃·(10a)-1、0.36 ℃·(10a)-1、0.38 ℃·(10a)-1速度增温;冷暖气温主要存在20～32 a、8～19 a、2～7 a的周期,主周期13 a和32 a,分别有8 a与20 a的次周期;极端低温事件频率、持续时长低于高温事件,低温四季增幅大于高温,且冬季变幅更为突出。平均气温和极端高温的升高会加大宁夏地区的干旱程度,加剧全区气候的不平衡性,极端低温指数的减少会增加农田、森林等的病虫害,使生态系统进一步恶化,应做好相应防御措施。

关键词: 气温, 周期, 变化趋势, 极端气候指数, 宁夏

Abstract: Climate environment is one of the most volatile factors in ecological health and sustainable social development.Temperature is important for maintaining the stability of climate system and providing a livable environment for human beings.In this study,the linear temperature trend,wavelet analysis and correlation analysis were used to analyze the change of average temperature and extreme temperature events in Ningxia during the period from 1962 to 2015.The results showed that the values of average temperature in whole Ningxia,the northern and central arid zones and the southern mountainous regions since 1962 were 0.38 ℃·(10a)-1,0.42 ℃·(10a)-1,0.36 ℃·(10a)-1 and 0.38 ℃·(10a)-1 respectively.There were the 20-32 a,8-19 a and 2-7 a periods of temperature fluctuation,and also the 8 a and 20 a sub-periods in the 13 a and 32 a main periods,respectively.The occurring frequency of extremely low temperature was lower than that of extremely high temperature,the duration of the former was shorter than that of the latter,the seasonal increase of low temperature was higher than that of high temperature,and the temperature fluctuation was the most significant in winter.The drought degree in Ningxia became more serious due to the increase of both average temperature and extremely high temperature,and the plant diseases and insect pests were increased because of the unbalanced climate change and the reduction of extremely low temperature,thus the ecosystems were further degenerated,so it is necessary to take some improvement measures.

Key words: temperature, period, change trend, extreme climate index, Ningxia