干旱区研究

干旱区研究 ›› 2013, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (4): 697-704.

• 气候与气候资源 • 上一篇    下一篇

公元600—2000年宝鸡地区洪涝灾害发生规律

万红莲1,周旗1,樊维翰2,刘曦3   

  1. （1.宝鸡文理学院灾害监测与机理模拟陕西省重点实验室，陕西 宝鸡 721013； 2.宝鸡市老科协水利专业委员会，陕西 宝鸡 721000； 3.宝鸡市渭河综合治理办公室，陕西 宝鸡 721006）
  • 收稿日期:2012-11-28 修回日期:2013-03-10 出版日期:2013-07-15 发布日期:2013-07-29
  • 作者简介:万红莲(1969-)，女，副教授，博士，主要从事资源开发与环境变迁、历史时期的灾害等方面的研究和教学工作. E-mail: hyhm2006@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目（41071359）；陕西省教育厅重点实验室项目(11JS011)；陕西省教育厅自然科学研究计划资助项目(12JK0475)；宝鸡市科学技术研究发展计划项目（12SF5-2）；宝鸡文理学院院级重点项目(ZK12050)

Flood Disasters in the Baoji Region during the Period of A.D. 600-2000

WAN Hong-lian1,ZHOU Qi1,FAN Wei-han2,LIU Xi3   

  1. (1. Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Disaster Monitoring and Mechanism Simulation, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji 721013, Shaanxi, China; 2. Professional Committee of Water Conservancy, Baoji Association of Old Scientists and Technologists, Baoji 721000, Shaanxi, China; 3.Baoji Comprehensive Management Office of Weihe River, Baoji 721006, Shaanxi, China)
  • Received:2012-11-28 Revised:2013-03-10 Online:2013-07-15 Published:2013-07-29

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摘要： 通过对历史文献资料的搜集和整理，对公元600—2000年宝鸡地区洪涝灾害变化阶段、趋势、等级分布和成因进行了研究。结果表明：宝鸡地区洪涝灾害可划分为轻度涝灾、中度涝灾、大涝灾、特大涝灾4级，以中度和大涝灾为主，占灾害记录总数的71.55%，特大洪涝灾害发生较少，占灾害记录总数的8.94%。公元600—2000年的1 400 a可以分为14个洪涝灾害发生阶段: 10、11、12、13、14、15世纪为无洪涝灾害或极少洪涝灾害发生阶段，7、8、9、16、17、18、19、20世纪为洪涝灾害多发阶段。洪涝灾害发生频次具有空间差异，9个县区由多到少依次为：宝鸡、扶风、千阳、凤翔、凤县、陇县、麟游、岐山、眉县。最多与最少之间相差26次，空间差异较大。洪灾集中于夏、秋两季。宝鸡地区洪涝灾害的发生主要是由地理位置、降水和气候异常波动以及人类活动综合因素影响的结果。

关键词: 洪涝灾害, 灾害等级, 时空变化, 发生原因, 宝鸡

Abstract: Through collecting and analyzing the historical data, the variation stages, trends, grades and causes of flood disasters in the Baoji region during the period of A.D. 600-2000 were researched. The results showed that flood disasters in the Baoji region may be divided into 4 grades, [WTBX]i.e[WTBZ]. the slight, moderate, serious and extremely serious grades, in which the moderate and serious flood disasters were dominant, and their proportion was 71.55% of the total. Extremely serious flood disasters occurred seldom, and their proportion was 8.94% only. In the past 1 400  years, flood disasters occurred seldom in the 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th and 15th centuries but frequently in 7th, 8th 9th, 16th, 17th, 18th, 19th 20th centuries. There was a spatial difference in occurring frequency of flood disasters, and the frequency was in an order of Baoji > Fufeng > Qianyang > Fengxiang > Feng County > Long County > Linyou > Qishan > Mei County. The difference of occurring frequency of flood disasters between the highest and lowest values was 26 times. Seasonally, flood disasters occurred mainly in summer and autumn. Flood disasters were jointly affected by the geographical location, precipitation, climatic anomaly undulation and human activities.

Key words: flood disaster, disaster grade, spatiotemporal variation, formation cause, Baoji region