干旱-复水对樟子松幼苗生理特征的影响

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2024.12.13

干旱区研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (12): 2120-2131.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2024.12.13 cstr: 32277.14.AZR.20241213

干旱-复水对樟子松幼苗生理特征的影响

王梓翔¹(), 任悦², 鲁莹¹, 高广磊¹^,³^,⁴^,⁵^,⁶(), 丁国栋¹^,⁴^,⁵^,⁶, 张英¹^,⁴^,⁵^,⁶

1.北京林业大学水土保持学院，北京 100083
2.内蒙古农业大学沙漠治理学院，内蒙古呼和浩特 010018
3.林木资源高效生产全国重点实验室，北京 100083
4.宁夏盐池毛乌素沙地生态系统国家定位观测研究站，宁夏盐池 751500
5.林业生态工程教育部工程研究中心，北京 100083
6.水土保持国家林业和草原局重点实验室，北京 100083

收稿日期:2024-05-26 修回日期:2024-09-19 出版日期:2024-12-15 发布日期:2024-12-20
通讯作者: 高广磊. E-mail: gaoguanglei@bjfu.edu.cn
作者简介:王梓翔（2003-），男，主要从事荒漠化防治研究. E-mail: Alphawzx@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(32371962)

Effects of drought stress and rehydration on the physiological characteristics of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica seedlings

WANG Zixiang¹(), REN Yue², LU Ying¹, GAO Guanglei¹^,³^,⁴^,⁵^,⁶(), DING Guodong¹^,⁴^,⁵^,⁶, ZHANG Ying¹^,⁴^,⁵^,⁶

1. School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
2. College of Desert Control Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, Inner Mongolia, China
3. State Key Laboratory for Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing 100083, China
4. Yanchi Ecology Research Station of the Mu Us Desert, Yanchi 751500, Ningxia, China
5. Engineering Research Center of Forestry Ecological Engineering, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China
6. Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing 100083, China

Received:2024-05-26 Revised:2024-09-19 Published:2024-12-15 Online:2024-12-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为揭示樟子松（Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica）幼苗生理指标对干旱胁迫及复水的响应特征，以2 a生樟子松幼苗为研究对象，采用盆栽试验，设置对照（80%）、轻度（40%）、中度（20%）、重度（10%）和极重度（5%）干旱5种水分处理，测定分析其干旱时和复水后水分、光合、叶绿素荧光、渗透调节物质和抗氧化酶活性指标变化。结果表明：（1）轻度干旱胁迫对樟子松幼苗生理状态影响较小，中度和重度干旱胁迫下幼苗超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶活性达到最高值，与对照相比分别增加了25.26%和38.8%，极重度干旱胁迫下幼苗叶片净光合速率、蒸腾速率和稳态光适应淬灭系数相比对照下降了94.76%、87.19%和72.35%，同时叶片丙二醛含量达到最高。（2）复水后樟子松幼苗叶绿素荧光、叶片脯氨酸含量基本恢复至对照水平，但极重度干旱胁迫后复水叶片光合指标平均仅恢复至对照的28.51%。叶片水分利用效率、可溶性糖含量和抗氧化酶活性复水后均显著高于对照（P<0.05）。综上所述，极重度干旱胁迫主要降低樟子松幼苗光合作用能力、破坏细胞膜稳定性，而适度干旱后复水可以提高植株水分利用和活性氧清除能力，进而提高植株抗旱性。研究结果可为樟子松人工林高效栽培、抚育管理和抗旱评价提供理论参考。

关键词: 樟子松, 干旱胁迫, 复水, 生理特征

Abstract:

In this study, we investigated the physiological responses of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica seedlings to drought stress and subsequent rehydration. A pot experiment was conducted using 2-year-old seedlings subjected to five water treatments, including control (80%), light drought (40%), moderate drought (20%), severe drought (10%), and extremely severe drought (5%). We measured leaf water content, photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence, leaf osmoregulatory substances, and antioxidant enzyme activity during drought and after rehydration. The results showed the following: (1) The physiological state of the seedlings was minimally affected by the light drought. The activities of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase peaked under moderate and severe drought stress, increasing by 25.26% and 38.8%, respectively. Conversely, the net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, and photochemical quenching coefficient under extremely severe drought stress decreased by 94.76%, 87.19%, and 72.35%, respectively, while the leaf malondialdehyde content was the highest in this condition. (2) The chlorophyll fluorescence and leaf proline content of the seedlings were restored to control levels after rehydration. However, the average photosynthetic indices of rehydrated leaves only returned to 28.51% after extremely severe drought stress. Additionally, leaf water use efficiency, soluble sugar content, and antioxidant enzyme activity were significantly higher than the control after rehydration (P<0.05). In conclusion, extremely severe drought stress primarily reduces photosynthetic ability and disrupts the cell membrane stability of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica seedlings. Conversely, rehydration after moderate drought improves water utilization and the scavenging ability of reactive oxygen species, thereby improving drought resistance. This improved information provides theoretical insights for the efficient cultivation, management, and evaluation of drought resistance in the Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica plantation.

Key words: Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica, drought stress, rehydration, physiological characteristics

王梓翔, 任悦, 鲁莹, 高广磊, 丁国栋, 张英. 干旱-复水对樟子松幼苗生理特征的影响[J]. 干旱区研究, 2024, 41(12): 2120-2131.

WANG Zixiang, REN Yue, LU Ying, GAO Guanglei, DING Guodong, ZHANG Ying. Effects of drought stress and rehydration on the physiological characteristics of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica seedlings[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2024, 41(12): 2120-2131.

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干旱-复水对樟子松幼苗生理特征的影响

Effects of drought stress and rehydration on the physiological characteristics of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica seedlings

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