极端干旱与氮添加对半干旱沙质草地物种多样性、叶性状和生产力的影响

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2020.06.23

Abstract

Abstract: We examined the effects of extreme drought (rain reduction by 60% and drought for 60 days) and nitrogen addition (20 g·m- 2 ·a- 1) on species diversity, productivity, and leaf trait in Horqin Sandy Land. Results show that changes in water and nitrogen altered important values of dominant species, such that which the important values of Echinops gmelini and Artemisia scoparia increased significantly under short-term extreme drought and nitrogen addition treatment. Short-term extreme drought had a significant effect on plant height (H), leaf nitrogen content (LNC), and aboveground biomass. Following rain reduction by 60%, H decreased, while LNC increased. Aboveground biomass decreased, following rain reduction by 60% and drought for 60 days. There was no significant difference in species diversity, specific leaf area (SLA), leaf day matter content (LDMC), and leaf carbon content (LCC) between drought treatments. Short-term nitrogen addition significantly changed the leaf traits and aboveground biomass. Following the addition nitrogen, SLA, and LNC increased, while LDMC decreased. There was no significant difference in plant diversity. Interaction between extreme drought and nitrogen addition had no significant effect on species diversity, leaf traits, and aboveground biomass. Correlation and regression analysis showed that species diversity, SLA, LDMC, LCC, and LNC did not significantly correlate with biomass, while H was positively correlated with aboveground biomass following nitrogen addition. The annual dominant plant communities in semiarid sandy grassland adapt to extreme drought and nitrogen deposition by changing key traits of dominant species, in which H has a greater impact on grassland productivity

Key words: extreme drought, nitrogen addition, species diversity, leaf functional trait, productivity

SUN Yi-mei, TIAN Qing, LYU Peng, GUO Ai-xia, ZHANG Sen-xi, ZUO Xiao-an. Effects of extreme drought and nitrogen addition on species diversity,leaf trait, and productivity in a semiarid sandy grassland[J].Arid Zone Research, 2020, 37(6): 1569-1579.

References

[1] 白永飞, 黄建辉, 郑淑霞, 等. 草地和荒漠生态系统服务功能的形成与调控机制[J]. 植物生态学报, 2014, 38(2): 93-102. [BaiYongfei, Huang Jianhui, Zheng Shuxia, et al. Drivers and regulat⁃ing mechanisms of grassland and desert ecosystem services[J]. Chi⁃nese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2014, 38(2): 93-102. ] [2] Zhou G, Wang Y, Wang S. Responses of grassland ecosystems toprecipitation and land use along the Northeast China transect[J].Journal of Vegetation Science, 2002, 13(3): 361-368. [3] Bai Y F, Wu J G, Qi X, et al. Primary production and rain use effi⁃ciency across a precipitation gradient on the Mongolia plateau[J].Ecology, 2008, 89(8): 2140-2153. [4] Yue X Y, Zuo X A, Yu Q, et al. Response of plant functional traitsof Leymus chinensis to extreme drought in Inner Mongolia grass⁃lands[J]. Plant Ecology, 2019, 220(2): 141-149. [5] 张彬, 朱建军, 刘华民, 等. 极端降水和极端干旱事件对草原生态系统的影响[J]. 植物生态学报, 2014, 38(9): 1008-1018. [ZhangBin, Zhu Jianjun, Liu Huamin, et al. Effects of extreme rainfalland drought events on grassland ecosystems[J]. Chinese Journal ofPlant Ecology, 2014, 38(9): 1008-1018. ] [6] Gong D Y, Wang J A, Han H. Trends of summer dry spells in Chi⁃na during the late twentieth century[J]. Meteorology and Atmo⁃spheric Physics, 2005, 88(3-4): 203-214. [7] Huang J, Xue Y, Sun S L, et al. Spatial and temporal variability ofdrought during 1960-2012 in Inner Mongolia, north China[J]. Qua⁃ternary International, 2015, 355(12): 134-144. [8] Willem K, Arthur F M. The vegetation N: P ratio: a new tool to de⁃tect the nature of nutrient limitation[J]. Journal of Applied Ecolo⁃gy, 1996, 33(6): 1441-1450. [9] Roscher C, Schumacherb J, Annett L, et al. A functional traitbasedapproach to understand community assembly and diversityproductivityrelationships over 7 years in experimental grasslands[J]. Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics,2013, 15(3): 139-149. [10] Tilman D, Downing J A. Biodiversity and stability in grasslands[J]. Nature, 1994, 367(6461): 363-365. [11] Bobbink R, Hicks K, Galloway J, et al. Global assessment of nitro⁃gen deposition effects on terrestrial plant diversity: A synthesis[J].Ecological Applications, 2010, 20(1): 30-59. [12] Miranda J D D, Padilla F M, Lázaro R, et al. Do changes in rain⁃fall patterns affect semiarid annual plant communities?[J]. Journalof Vegetation Science, 2009, 20(2): 269-276. [13] Stevens C J, Dise N B, Mountford J O, et al. Impact of nitrogen de⁃position on the species richness of grasslands[J]. Science, 2004,303(5665): 1876-1879. [14] Bai Y, Jianguo W U, Clark C M, et al. Tradeoffs and thresholds inthe effects of nitrogen addition on biodiversity and ecosystem func⁃tioning: Evidence from Inner Mongolia Grasslands[J]. Global ChangeBiology, 2010, 16(1): 358-372. [15] Clark C M, Tilman D. Loss of plant species after chronic low-levelnitrogen deposition to prairie grasslands[J]. Nature, 2008, 451(7179): 712-715. [16] 黄彩变, 曾凡江, 雷加强. 骆驼刺幼苗生长和功能性状对不同水氮添加的响应[J]. 草业学报, 2016, 25(12): 150-160. [HuangCaibian, Zeng Fanjiang, Le Jiaqiang. Growth and functional traitresponses of Alhagi sparsifolia seedlings to water and nitrogen ad⁃dition[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2016, 25(12): 150-160. ] [17] Jentsch A, Kreyling J, Elmer M, et al. Climate extremes initiateecosystem-regulating functions while maintaining productivity[J].Journal of Ecology, 2011, 99(3): 689-702. [18] Goldberg D E, Miller T E. Effects of different resource additions ofspecies diversity in an annual plant community[J]. Ecology, 1990,71(1): 213-225. [19] 邢小青, 张璐, 宝音陶格涛, 等. 放牧对糙隐子草地上个体功能性状的影响[J]. 中国草地学报, 2019, 41(6): 116-122. [XingXiaoqing, Zhang Lu, Baoyin Taogetao, et al. Effect of grazing onthe aboveground functional traits of Cleistogenes squarrosa[J]. Chi⁃nese Journal of Grassland, 2019, 41(6): 116-122. ] [20] Violle C, Navas M L, Vile D, et al. Let the concept of trait be func⁃tional![J]. Oikos, 2007, 116(5): 882-892. [21] Sandra Díaz, Casanoves C F. Plant functional traits and environ⁃mental filters at a regional scale[J]. Journal of Vegetation Science,1998, 9(1): 113-122. [22] Cornelissen J H C, Lavorel S, Garnier E, et al. A handbook proto⁃col for standardised and easy measurement of plant functionaltraits[J]. Australian Journal of Botany, 2003, 51(4): 335-380. [23] Naeem S. Ecosystem consequences of biodiversity loss: The evolu⁃tion of a Paradigm[J]. Ecology, 2002, 83(6): 1537-1552. [24] Haifa D, Francesco D B, Sebastià M T, et al. Functional traitchanges, productivity shifts and vegetation stability in mountaingrasslands during a short- term warming[J]. Plos One, 2015, 10(10): e0141899. [25] 万宏伟, 杨阳, 白世勤, 等. 羊草草原群落6种植物叶片功能特性对氮素添加的响应[J]. 植物生态学报, 2008, 32(3): 611-621. [Wan Hongwei, Yang Yang, Bai Shiqin, et al. Variations in leaffunctional traits of six species along a nitrogen addition gradient inLeymus chinensis steepe in Inner Mongolia[J]. Chinese Journal ofPlant Ecology, 2008, 32(3): 611-621. ] [26] 杨浩, 罗亚晨. 糙隐子草功能性状对氮添加和干旱的响应[J]. 植物生态学报, 2015, 39(1): 32-42. [Yang Hao, Luo Yachen. Re⁃sponses of the functional traits in Cleistogenes squarrosa to nitro⁃gen addition and drought[J]. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology,2015, 39(1): 32-42. ] [27] La Pierre K J, Smith M D. Functional trait of grasslandspecies shift with short- and long- term nutrient additions [J].Plant Ecology, 2015, 216(2): 307-318. [28] Zheng S X, Ren H Y, Lan Z C, et al. Effects of grazing on leaftraits and ecosystem functioning in Inner Mongolia grasslands:scaling from species to community[J]. Biogeosciences Discussions,2009, 6: 9945-9975. [29] 赵哈林, 张铜会, 崔建垣, 等. 近40 a我国北方农牧交错区气候变化及其与土地沙漠化的关系——以科尔沁沙地为例[J]. 中国沙漠, 2000, 20(增刊): 2-7. [Zhao Halin, Zhang Tonghui, Cui ji⁃anyuan, et al. Effect of climatic changes on environment and agri⁃culture in the past 40 years in interlaced agro-pasturing areas ofnorth China: A case study in Horqin Sandy Land[J]. Journal ofDesert Research, 2000, 20(Suppl. ): 2-7. ] [30] 吕朋, 左小安, 岳喜元, 等. 科尔沁沙地封育过程中植被特征的动态变化[J]. 生态学杂志, 2018, 37(10): 2880-2888. [Lyu Peng,Zuo Xiao’an, Yue Xiyuan, et al. Temporal changes of vegetationcharacteristics during the long-term grazing exclusion in HorqinSandy Land[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2018, 37(10): 2880-2888. ] [31] Naeem S, Li S. Biodiversity enhances ecosystem reliability[J]. Na⁃ture International Weekly Journal of Science, 1997, 390(6659):507-509. [32] 左小安, 赵学勇, 赵哈林, 等. 科尔沁沙质草地群落物种多样性、生产力与土壤特性的关系[J]. 环境科学, 2007, 28(5): 945-951. [Zuo Xiao’an, Zhao Xueyong, Zhao Halin, et al. Changes of spe⁃cies diversity and productivity in relation to soil properties in san⁃dy grassland in Horqin Sandy Land[J]. Environmental Science,2007, 28(5): 945-951. ] [33] 贾乐, 赵萌莉, 韩国栋, 等. 载畜率对荒漠草原植物群落影响的研究[J]. 中国草地学报, 2011, 33(4): 111-116. [Jia Le, ZhaoMengli, Han Guodong, et al. Effects of different stocking rate onplant community in desert steppe[J]. Chinese Journal of Grass⁃land, 2011, 33(4): 111-116. ] [34] 白春利, 阿拉塔, 陈海军, 等. 氮素和水分添加对短花针茅荒漠草原植物群落特征的影响[J]. 中国草地学报, 2013, 35(2): 69-75. [Bai Chunli, A Lata, Chen Haijun, et al. Effects of addition ofnitrogen and water on plant community characteristics of Stipabreviflora desert steppe[J]. Chinese Journal of Grassland, 2013, 35(2): 69-75. ] [35] 李禄军, 曾德慧, 于占源, 等. 氮素添加对科尔沁沙质草地物种多样性和生产力的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2009, 20(8): 1838-1844. [Li Lujun, Zeng Dehui, Yu Zhanyuan, et al. Effects of nitro⁃gen addition on grassland species diversity and productivity inHorqin Sandy Land[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2009,20(8): 1838-1844. ] [36] 王明明, 刘新平, 何玉惠, 等. 科尔沁沙地封育恢复过程中植物群落特征变化及影响因素[J]. 植物生态学报, 2020, 43(8): 672-684. [Wang Mingming, Liu Xinping, He Yuhui, et al. How enclo⁃sure influences restored plant community changes of different ini⁃tial types in Horqin Sandy Land[J]. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecolo⁃gy, 2020, 43(8): 672-684. ] [37] 梁存柱, 刘钟龄, 朱宗元, 等. 阿拉善荒漠区一年生植物层片物种多样性及其分布特征[J]. 应用生态学报, 2003, 14(6): 897-903. [Liang Cunzhu, Liu Zhongling, Zhu Zongyuan, et al. Specificdiversity and distribution characteristics of annual synusia inAlashan Desert[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2003, 14(6): 897-903. ] [38] 吕朋, 左小安, 张婧, 等. 放牧强度对科尔沁沙地沙质草地植被的影响[J]. 中国沙漠, 2016, 36(1): 34-39. [Lyu Peng, Zuo Xiao’an, Zhang Jing, et al. Effects of grazing intensity on vegetation insandy grassland of Horqin[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2016, 36(1): 34-39. ] [39] Wright I J, Reich P B, Cornelissen J H C, et al. Modulation of leafeconomic traits and trait relationships by climate[J]. Global Ecolo⁃gy and Biogeography, 2005, 14(5): 411-421. [40] Wilson P J, Thompson K, Hodgson J G. Specific leaf area and leafdry matter content as alternative predictors of plant strategies[J].New Phytologist, 1999, 143(1): 155-162. [41] 苗艳明, 吕金枝, 毕润成. 不同功能型植物叶氮含量与光合特性的关系研究[J]. 植物研究, 2012, 32(4): 425-529. [Miao Yan⁃ming, Lyu Jinzhi, Bi Runcheng. Relationships between leaf nitro⁃gen content and photosynthetic characteristics in different plantfunctional types[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2012, 32(4):425-529. ] [42] 岳喜元, 左小安, 庾强, 等. 降水量和短期极端干旱对典型草原植物群落及优势种羊草(Leymus chinensis)叶性状的影响[J]. 中国沙漠, 2018, 38(5): 1009-1016. [Yue Xiyuan, Zuo Xiao’an, YuQiang, et al. Effects of precipitation and short term extreme drought onleaf traits in Inner Mongolia typical steppe[J]. Journal of DesertResearch, 2018, 38(5): 1009-1016. ] [43] 郑婧, 佘维维, 白宇轩, 等. 氮素和水分添加对毛乌素沙地油蒿群落优势植物叶片性状的影响[J]. 林业科学, 2018, 54(10):167-174. [Zheng Jing, She Weiwei, Bai Yuxuan, et al. Effects ofnitrogen and water addition on leaf traits of dominant plant speciesin Artemisia ordosica community of the Mu Us Desert[J]. ScientiaSilvae Sinicae, 2018, 54(10): 167-174. ] [44] Wright I J, Reich P B, Westoby M, et al. The worldwide leaf eco⁃nomics spectrum[J]. Nature, 2004, 428(6985): 821-827. [45] MünSkemüller T, Gallien L, Lavergne S, et al. Scale decisions canreverse conclusions on community assembly processes[J]. GlobalEcology and Biogeography, 2014, 23(6): 620-632. [46] Zuo X A, Wang S K, Zhao X Y, et al. Scale dependence of plantspecies richness and vegetation-environment relationship along agradient of dune stabilization in Horqin Sandy Land, Northern Chi⁃na[J]. Journal of Arid Land, 2014, 6(3): 334-342. [47] 闫宝龙, 王占文, 王悦骅, 等. 短期降雨改变对荒漠草原植物群落特征的影响[J]. 草业科学, 2018, 35(5): 1004-1012. [YanBaolong, Wang Zhanwen, Wang Yuehua, et al. Effect of shorttermrainfall change on plant community characteristics in desertsteppe[J]. Pratacultural Science, 2018, 35(5): 1004-1012. ] [48] 高亚敏. 气候因素对科尔沁草地北部牧草生长发育的影响[J].干旱区研究, 2019, 36(2): 412-419. [Gao Yamin. Effects of cli⁃matic factors on herbage growth in the north Horqin grassland[J].Arid Zone Research, 2019, 36(2): 412-419. ] [49] 刘雪佳, 董璐, 赵杰, 等. 我国荒漠植被生产力动态及其与水热因子的关系[J]. 干旱区研究, 2019, 36(2): 459-466. [Liu Xuejia,Dong Lu, Zhao Jie, et al. Dynamic state of desert vegetation pro⁃ductivity and its relationship with water-heat factors in China[J].Arid Zone Research, 2019, 36(2): 459-466. ] [50] Liu X, Duan L, Mo J, et al. Nitrogen deposition and its ecologicalimpact in China: An overview[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2011,159(10): 2251-2264. [51] 周晓兵, 张元明, 王莎莎, 等. 模拟氮沉降和干旱对准噶尔盆地两种一年生荒漠植物生长和光合生理的影响[J]. 植物生态学报, 2010, 34(12): 1394-1403. [Zhou Xiaobing, Zhang Yuanming,Wang Shasha, et al. Combined effects of simulated nitrogen depo⁃sition and drought stress on growth and photo-synthetic physiolog⁃ical responses of two annual desert plants in Junggar Basin, China[J]. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2010, 34(12): 1394-1403. ] [52] 刘思洋, 李雪华, 骆永明, 等. 围封和放牧草地植物多样性对氮添加的响应差异[J]. 生态学杂志, 2019, 38(12): 3635-3641. [LiuSiyang, Li Xuehua, Luo Yongming, et al. Divergent response ofplant diversity to nitrogen addition in enclosed and grazing grass⁃lands[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2019, 38(12): 3635-3641. ] [53] 李禄军, 曾德慧. 物种多样性与生态系统功能的关系研究进展[J]. 生态学杂志, 2008, 27(11): 178-185. [Li Lujun, Zeng Dehui.Relationships between species diversity and ecosystem functioning:A review[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2008, 27(11): 178-185. ] [54] Mao R, Zhang X H, Song C C. Effects of nitrogen addition on plantfunctional traits in freshwater wetland of Sanjiang Plain, NortheastChina[J]. Chinese Geographical Science, 2014, 24(6): 674-681. [55] Zuo X A, Zhang J, Lyu P, et al. Plant functional diversity mediatesthe effects of vegetation and soil properties on community-levelplant nitrogen use in the restoration of semiarid sandy grassland[J]. Ecological Indicators, 2016, 64: 272-280.

Effects of extreme drought and nitrogen addition on species diversity,leaf trait, and productivity in a semiarid sandy grassland

PDF (PC)

Like

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References

Related Articles 15

Metrics

Comments

Recommended 0

[1]	SU Yuqi, MA Suliya, LI Yufan, WEI Qiuyu, WANG Hongfeng, LI Wenjun. Species diversity and distribution patterns of threatened vascular plants in Kyrgyzstan [J]. Arid Zone Research, 2024, 41(8): 1405-1412.
[2]	TANG Kexin, GUO Jianbin, HE Liang, CHEN Lin, WAN Long. Characteristics of the spatial and temporal evolution of Gross Primary Productivity and its influencing factors in China’s drylands [J]. Arid Zone Research, 2024, 41(6): 964-973.
[3]	ZHANG Haozhe, XUE Yayong, MA Yuanyuan, XUE Guoxuan. Carbon sequestration potential of oasis ecosystem in Xinjiang, China [J]. Arid Zone Research, 2024, 41(6): 998-1009.
[4]	SONG Dacheng, MA Quanlin, LIU Shiquan, WEI Linyuan, WU Hao, DUAN Xiaofeng, GUO Shujiang. Species diversity in Minqin clay sand barrier-artificial Haloxylon ammodendron plantations and the characteristics of soil moisture changes [J]. Arid Zone Research, 2024, 41(4): 618-628.
[5]	MA Longlong, YI Zhiyuan, WEI Caiyong, ZHOU Feng, LI Mingtao, QIAO Chenglong, DU Lingtong. Temporal and spatial characteristics of ecosystem water use efficiency and influencing factors in Yanchi County, Ningxia, China [J]. Arid Zone Research, 2024, 41(4): 650-660.
[6]	CHAI Qiaodi, MA Rui, WANG Anlin, ZHANG Fu, LIU Teng, TIAN Yongsheng. Leaf functional traits of typical desert plants in the sand-blocking and sand-fixing belt of the Hexi Corridor [J]. Arid Zone Research, 2024, 41(11): 1898-1907.
[7]	LI Xiaofeng, HUI Tingting, LI Yaoming, MAO Jiefei, WANG Guangyu, FAN Lianlian. Effects of different grazing management strategies on plant diversity in the mountain grassland of Xinjiang, China [J]. Arid Zone Research, 2024, 41(1): 124-134.
[8]	LIU Yidan, YAO Xiaojun, LI Zongxing, HU Jiayu. Impacts of climate change and land use/cover change on the net primary productivity of vegetation in Hexi Region, Northwest China [J]. Arid Zone Research, 2024, 41(1): 169-180.
[9]	ZHUANG Haoran, FENG Kepeng, XU Dehao. Changes, influencing factors and sensitivity of water use efficiency in maize farmland ecosystems based on evapotranspiration separation in the Ningxia irrigated area [J]. Arid Zone Research, 2023, 40(7): 1117-1130.
[10]	WANG Siqi, ZHANG Jianjun, ZHANG Yanqin, ZHAO Jiongchang, HU Yawei, LI Yang, TANG Peng, WEI Zhaoyang. Understory plant community diversity of Robinia pseudoacacia plantation with different densities in the loess plateau of western Shanxi Province [J]. Arid Zone Research, 2023, 40(7): 1141-1151.
[11]	QIAO Jingjuan, ZUO Xiao’an, YUE Ping, WANG Guolin, WANG Jingyuan, WANG Zezhou. Nutrient addition and disturbance effects on the community composition and assembly in a desert steppe [J]. Arid Zone Research, 2023, 40(6): 958-970.
[12]	REN Liwen, WANG Xingtao, LIU Mingchun, WANG Dawei. Temporal and Spatial changes and the driving factors of vegetation NPP in Shiyang River Basin [J]. Arid Zone Research, 2023, 40(5): 818-828.
[13]	LYU Jinxin, LIANG Kang, LIU Changming, ZHANG Yihui, LIU Lu. Spatial differentiation mechanism of land cover and related changes in water-carbon variables in Wuding River Basin [J]. Arid Zone Research, 2023, 40(4): 563-572.
[14]	WANG Yi’en, RAO Liangyi. Impact of climatic factors and human activities on the net primary productivity of the vegetation in the Pisha sandstone area [J]. Arid Zone Research, 2023, 40(12): 1982-1995.
[15]	WU Xueqing, ZHANG Lele, GAO Liming, LI Yankun, LIU Xuanchen. Dynamic change and driving force of net primary productivity in Qinghai Lake Basin [J]. Arid Zone Research, 2023, 40(11): 1824-1832.