西北干旱区近30 a植被覆盖的时空变化及其对气候因子的响应

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2025.06.10

Abstract

Abstract:

The arid region of Northwest China is an area of notable vegetation vulnerability, where vegetation cover plays a crucial role in sustaining unique terrestrial ecosystems. This study utilized Landsat data and the pixel dichotomy model to analyze spatiotemporal variation patterns of Fractional Vegetation Cover (FVC) in the arid region of Northwest China from 1990-2022. Integrating land use data, the research employed Sen’s slope estimation, the Mann-Kendall test, and correlation analysis to investigate FVC characteristics across different vegetation types and their responses to climatic factors. The results indicate that: (1) FVC exhibited a fluctuating upward trend, with an annual increase rate of 0.98×10^-4; spatial heterogeneity was significant, with areas predominantly characterized by very low vegetation coverage, while river basin regions displayed higher FVC values. (2) Land use transformation has driven the evolution of FVC patterns, with increases in forestland and cultivated land contributing to the expansion of areas with very high FVC coverage (increasing by 3.0% and 18.8%, respectively); grassland remains the dominant cover across all levels, with an average proportion exceeding 47.7%. (3) Average precipitation during the vegetation growing season ranks as follows: shrubland>forestland>grassland>cropland, whereas temperature trends are reversed; evapotranspiration follows the order: forestland>cropland>grassland>shrubland; the average annual humid area proportion is 61.03% in shrubland regions, compared to less than 5% in cropland regions. FVC shows negative correlations with precipitation (52.0%), temperature (60.2%), evapotranspiration, and aridity index (63%). Vegetation demonstrates significant sensitivity to climate change. The findings provide an important basis for ecological management and restoration in the arid regions of Northwest China.

Key words: Fractional Vegetation Cover (FVC), arid regions of northwest, vegetation coverage, trend analysis

ZHANG Xiuxia, HAN Lisha, DANG Xinghai, WANG Xiaoxian, LIN Qingrun, DENG Lingzhi, YANG Minghang, ZHANG Xilai. Spatiotemporal changes in vegetation coverage in the arid regions of Northwest China over the past 30 years and their response to climatic factors[J].Arid Zone Research, 2025, 42(6): 1067-1079.

Figures/Tables 13

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数据集	空间分辨率	时间范围	数据来源
Landsat 5 SR	30 m	1990—2011年	美国地质调查局（https://www.usgs.gov/）
Landsat 7 SR	30 m	1999—2012年	美国地质调查局（https://www.usgs.gov/）
Landsat 8 SR	30 m	2013—2022年	美国地质调查局（https://www.usgs.gov/）
土地覆被数据	30 m	1990—2022年	武汉大学30 m分辨率中国土地覆被数据集（https://zenodo.org/record/8176941/）
气温数据	0.5°	1990—2022年	CRU TS（https://crudata.uea.ac.uk/cru/data/hrg/）
降水数据	0.5°	1990—2022年	CRU TS（https://crudata.uea.ac.uk/cru/data/hrg/）
蒸散发数据	0.0083333°	1990—2022年	国家青藏高原科学数据中心（https://data.tpdc.ac.cn/）
干燥度数据	0.0083333°	1990—2022年	国家青藏高原科学数据中心（https://data.tpdc.ac.cn/）

β	Z	趋势特征
β>0	Z>1.96	显著增加
β>0	Z<1.96	轻微增加
β=0	Z=0	无变化
β<0	Z>-1.96	轻微减少
β<0	Z<-1.96	显著减少

Spatiotemporal changes in vegetation coverage in the arid regions of Northwest China over the past 30 years and their response to climatic factors

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