露天煤矿人工林植被碳密度分配格局及其影响因素

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2024.06.07

Abstract

Abstract:

This study aimed to quantitatively analyze the distribution patterns of carbon density and its factors of artificial forest vegetation in opencast coal mines and provide a basis for improving the forest carbon (C) sink service function using available data. It selected Pinus tabulaeformis, Populus microphylla, Populus canadensis, Robinia pseudoacacia, Ulmus pumila, and mixed R. pseudoacacia-U. pumila plantations in the waste dump of the Antaibao mining area as the research objects. The biomass carbon density and spatial distribution pattern of each plantation were measured based on the field investigation data and by employing allometric approaches. The carbon density of the P. canadensis plantation was 36.95 t∙hm^-2, significantly higher than others (P<0.05). The carbon density was markedly higher in the thickly planted P. tabulaeformis forest than in the sparsely planted one (P<0.05). The overall carbon density of each component in the artificial forest was as follows: tree layer>litter layer>herbaceous and shrub layers (P<0.05). The tree layer accounted for 78.3%-93.6% of the vegetation carbon density, indicating it has the highest carbon density in the artificial forest vegetation. The carbon density in the trunk of the tree layer was remarkably greater than that of the roots, branches, and leaves (P<0.05). The carbon density in the trunk of P. canadensis plantation was conspicuously higher than that of R. pseudoacacia and R. pseudoacacia-U. pumila. Similarly, the carbon density was significantly higher in the trunk of the sparsely planted P. tabulaeformis forest than in the densely planted forest. The carbon density of the tree and litter layers demonstrated a remarkable positive correlation with the stand density of artificial forests and negatively with the height and coverage of herbs. Additionally, the carbon density of the tree layer was markedly positively correlated with the tree height (P<0.05). From the perspective of carbon sequestration function, a reasonable and dense planting of P. tabulaeformis and P. canadensis in the Antaibao coal mine waste dump is beneficial for the ecological restoration of the area, thus achieving sustainable development of the ecology and environmental security.

Key words: carbon density, biomass, plantation, vegetation restoration, Antaibao mine

ZHANG Jianhua, ZHOU Xiaoyang, GUO Xuting, DU Xinxin, AN Li, QIN Hao, LIU Yong, ZHANG Hong, XU Longchao. Carbon density distribution pattern and its factors of the artificial forest vegetation in opencast coal mine[J].Arid Zone Research, 2024, 41(6): 974-983.

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林型	采样点	纬度(N)	经度(E)	海拔/m	林分密度/(株·hm^-2)	林龄/a	胸径/cm	树高/m
小叶杨林PM	西排	39°29′26.15″	112°18′55.30″	1469.00	2.13×10³	20	10.90	5.50
榆树林UP	西排	39°29′28.64″	112°18′44.41″	1474.00	1.03×10³	20	12.90	5.50
油松林SPT	西排	39°29′29.80″	112°18′46.49″	1471.00	1.47×10³	20	10.70	4.70
刺槐林RP	西排	39°29′33.35″	112°18′44.08″	1474.00	2.03×10³	20	9.80	4.80
刺槐-榆树混交林RP-UP	南排	39°27′41.45″	112°20′04.13″	1391.00	3.40×10³	30	7.20	4.60
油松林DPT	南排	39°27′41.54″	112°20′05.26″	1384.00	3.43×10³	30	8.80	5.60
加拿大杨PC	南排	39°27′59.82″	112°19′39.85″	1348.00	3.23×10³	30	7.20	5.90

树种	器官	回归方程	回归系数（R²）	备注
刺槐RP	根	Y=0.1145 （D²H）^{0.6328 [29]}	-	胸径范围：2.7~20.6 cm 树高范围：2.2~7.0 m
	枝	Y=0.02425（D²H）^{0.7908 [29]}	-
	叶	Y=0.0545（D²H）^{0.4574 [29]}	-
	干	Y=0.05527（D²H）^{0.8576 [29]}	-
油松PT	根	Y=0.340D^0.839e^0.082^D^[29]	0.947	胸径范围：3.4~20.6 cm 树高范围：2.7~9.0 m
	枝	Y=0.483D^0.870e^0.060^D^[29]	0.944
	叶	Y=0.320D^0.810e^0.058^D^[29]	0.959
	干	Y=1.373D^0.465e^0.113^D^[29]	0.978
	总	Y=2.905D^0.549e^0.097^D^[29]	0.971
榆树UP	根	Y=0.0146D^2.893[30]	-	胸径范围：4.7~20.7 cm 树高范围：2.5~9.0 m
	枝	Y=0.0303D^2.3445[30]	-
	叶	Y=0.033D^1.7241[30]	-
	干	Y=0.0146D^2.5837[30]	-
小叶杨PM	根	Y=10.5723+0.0044（D²H）^[31]	0.6691	胸径范围：3.8~18.3 cm 树高范围：3.0~7.5 m
	枝	Y=12.5405+0.0091（D²H）^[31]	0.5595
	叶	Y=6.5542+0.0014（D²H）^[31]	0.1971
	干	Y=0.4644（D²H）^0.6455[31]	0.7517
	总	Y=1.9729（D²H）^0.5608[31]	0.8064
加拿大杨PC	根	Y=10^-0.8268（D²H）^0.5798[32]	-	胸径范围：2.2~10.8 cm 树高范围：2.5~10.0 m
	枝	Y=10^-0.7804（D²H）^0.5321[32]	-
	叶	Y=10^-0.4701（D²H）^0.3778[32]	-
	干	Y=10^-0.7143（D²H）^0.6811[32]	-

组分	项目	SPT	DPT	RP	UP	RP-UP	PM	PC
乔木层	碳密度/(t·hm^-2)	18.24±1.56c	30.08±3.27ab	19.23±1.35c	20.93±1.50bc	21.61±3.19bc	18.09±4.12c	33.84±4.09a
乔木层	比例/%	80.54	93.60	84.40	80.80	83.32	78.34	91.59
灌木层	碳密度/(t·hm^-2)	0.03±0.01b	0.06±0.03b	0.13±0.002a	0.001±0.001b	0.13±0.04a	0.01±0.01b	-
灌木层	比例/%	0.12	0.01	0.06	0.56	0.51	0.15	-
草本层	碳密度/(t·hm^-2)	0.09±0.02de	0.03±0.003e	0.29±0.01a	0.23±0.02ab	0.15±0.02cd	0.18±0.03bc	0.11±0.04cde
草本层	比例/%	0.39	1.04	0.82	1.23	0.57	0.09	0.29
凋落物层	碳密度/(t·hm^-2)	4.29±0.11b	8.22±0.16a	4.14±0.33b	1.20±0.14d	4.05±0.24b	3.15±0.20c	3.00±0.03c
凋落物层	比例/%	18.95	5.36	14.71	17.41	15.60	21.42	8.13
总计	碳密度/(t·hm^-2)	22.65±1.60b	38.39±3.43a	23.80±1.64b	22.36±1.61b	25.94±3.14b	21.43±3.96b	36.95±4.05a
总计	比例/%	100	100	100	100	100	100	100

Carbon density distribution pattern and its factors of the artificial forest vegetation in opencast coal mine

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