腾格里沙漠南缘典型固沙植被土壤碳组分特征

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2025.08.09

Abstract

Abstract:

Soil carbon fractions are key for maintaining ecosystem functions. To reveal the variation characteristics and influencing factors of soil carbon fractions in arid sandy ecosystems, this study examined natural (Zygophyllum xanthoxylon, Krascheninnikovia ceratoides, and Artemisia ordosica) and artificial (Corethrodendron scoparium) sand-fixing vegetations on the southern margin of the Tengger Desert, Northwest China. A comparative analysis was conducted to assess the vertical distribution characteristics of soil inorganic carbon (SIC), soil organic carbon (SOC), labile organic carbon (LOC), slowly cycling organic carbon (SCOC), inert organic carbon (IOC), light fraction organic carbon (LFOC), and heavy fraction organic carbon (HFOC) across the 0-100 cm soil profile. Further, soil physicochemical properties were analyzed to identify key driving factors affecting soil carbon fractions. (1) All soil carbon fractions followed the content order: C. scoparium>K. ceratoides>Z. xanthoxylon>A. ordosica, with the overall abundance ranked as SIC>SOC>HFOC>IOC>SCOC>LOC>LFOC. (2) Carbon fractions exhibited significant vertical differentiation across vegetation types. SIC content increased with soil depth, whereas SOC and its fractions (except A. Ordosica) were epimerized. Moreover, in A. Ordosica, SOC and its fractions of peaked at the 20-40 cm soil layer. All soil carbon fractions showed highly significant positive correlations. (3) Soil pH and bulk density were negatively correlated with carbon fractions, whereas total nitrogen, total phosphorus, slow-release potassium, and available potassium were key factors influencing carbon fractions. In conclusion, soil carbon fractions in these arid sand-fixing vegetation predominantly comprised SIC (75.48%). Artificial C. scoparium vegetation exhibited higher overall soil carbon content than that of natural vegetation. By increasing stable carbon fractions (HFOC, IOC, and SCOC) and improving surface-layer carbon sequestration, artificial sand-fixing vegetation significantly improved the desert soil carbon pool stability and sequestration potential. These findings underscore the critical importance of strengthening surface soil conservation and establishing artificial sand-fixing forests for effective ecological restoration in desert regions.

Key words: soil organic carbon, soil inorganic carbon, organic carbon components, sand-fixing vegetation, arid desert region

SHI Linqi, MA Quanlin, MA Rui, DUAN Xiaofeng, WEI Linyuan. Characterization of soil carbon fractions in typical sand-fixing vegetation at the southern edge of the Tengger Desert[J].Arid Zone Research, 2025, 42(8): 1451-1462.

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植被生境基本信息	植被类型
植被生境基本信息	人工种植花棒	霸王	驼绒藜	油蒿
海拔/m	1659~1802	1622~1647	1651~1749	1719~1785
物种数量/种	15	7	10	5
优势种	花棒	霸王	驼绒藜	油蒿
群落伴生植物	油蒿、猫头刺、沙蒿、旱蒿	驼绒藜、油蒿、旱蒿	油蒿、天门冬、霸王	天门冬、猫头刺
灌木盖度/%	20.20	12.61	25.66	19.82
草本盖度/%	12.87	6.67	8.30	3.53
植被总盖度/%	33.07	19.28	33.95	23.35
优势种密度/(株·hm^-2)	1622	828	3566	9200
样地经纬度	37°33′~37°46′N，103°10′~103°41′E	37°51′~37°52′N，103°16′~103°19′E	37°40′~37°50′N， 103°12′~103°26′E	37°33′~37°41′N， 103°31′~103°38′E

土壤理化指标	植被类型
土壤理化指标	人工种植花棒	霸王	驼绒藜	油蒿
土壤pH值	8.91±0.03b	8.96±0.04ab	9.05±0.03a	9.03±0.02a
全氮/（g·kg^-1）	0.12±0.01a	0.08±0.01b	0.08±0.01b	0.07±0.01b
全磷/（g·kg^-1）	0.21±0.01a	0.19±0.01ab	0.18±0.01b	0.16±0.01b
全钾/（g·kg^-1）	19.39±0.08a	19.32±0.12a	19.21±0.10a	19.33±0.06a
有效磷/（mg·kg^-1）	1.29±0.37a	0.88±0.22a	1.29±0.44a	1.01±0.08a
速效钾/（mg·kg^-1）	81.50±4.45a	79.71±8.82a	73.58±7.12a	72.83±2.65a
缓效钾/（mg·kg^-1）	378.17±18.89a	300.96±20.26b	328.08±16.84ab	372.50±27.47a
碱解氮/（mg·kg^-1）	8.44±0.97a	6.81±0.91b	7.17±0.73b	5.64±0.44c
铵态氮/（mg·kg^-1）	0.62±0.06b	1.23±0.15a	0.80±0.11b	0.79±0.12b
硝态氮/（mg·kg^-1）	2.78±0.69b	4.12±0.69a	3.74±0.55ab	2.31±0.38b
电导率/（μs·cm^-1)	56.17±2.85ab	52.01±1.34ab	58.64±3.34a	50.20±2.27b
土壤含水量/%	2.17±0.35a	1.23±0.15a	1.45±0.65a	1.50±0.26a
土壤容重/（g·cm^-3）	1.48±0.02b	1.52±0.02a	1.52±0.01a	1.54±0.01a

碳组分及比例/%	植被类型				天然固沙植被均值	平均值
碳组分及比例/%	人工种植花棒	霸王	驼绒藜	油蒿	天然固沙植被均值	平均值
TC	4.54±0.09a	3.94±0.06b	3.98±0.10b	3.23±0.10c	3.72	3.93
SIC/TC	72.49±2.34a	76.15±1.68a	76.00±2.42a	77.29±1.43a	76.48	75.48
SOC/TC	27.51±2.34a	23.85±1.68a	24.00±2.42a	22.71±1.43a	23.52	24.52
LOC/TC	6.42±0.91a	5.12±0.51a	5.12±0.63a	4.65±0.44a	4.96	5.33
SCOC/TC	9.73±0.67a	7.41±0.46b	8.07±0.80ab	7.18±0.39b	7.55	8.10
IOC/TC	11.60±0.76a	10.91±1.07a	11.15±0.91a	11.25±0.71a	11.10	11.23
LFOC/TC	1.96±0.29a	1.59±0.13a	1.77±0.31a	1.38±0.13a	1.58	1.67
HFOC/TC	25.55±2.06a	22.26±1.55a	22.23±2.14a	21.33±1.34a	21.94	22.84

影响因子	解释度/%	贡献度/%	F	P
TN	77.6	80.6	76.1	0.002
SK	8.6	8.9	13.1	0.002
NH₄⁺-N	2.2	2.3	3.8	0.052
TP	2.6	2.7	5.4	0.028
AK	1.7	1.8	4.2	0.05
BD	0.9	0.9	2.4	0.108
SWV	0.4	0.4	1.1	0.302
EC	0.5	0.5	1.3	0.276
AN	0.5	0.5	1.4	0.248
AP	0.5	0.5	1.4	0.254
pH	0.4	0.4	1.0	0.324
NO₃^--N	0.2	0.2	0.6	0.470
TK	0.3	0.3	0.7	0.428

Characterization of soil carbon fractions in typical sand-fixing vegetation at the southern edge of the Tengger Desert

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