1990—2022年天山北坡地区不同开垦年限耕层土壤盐分变化

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2024.09.01

Abstract

Abstract:

In recent years, with frequent changes in land use and extensive reclamation of farmlands, soil salinization has become an environmental factor leading to the degradation of cultivated land quality and hindering the development of oasis-based agriculture on the northern slopes of the Tianshan Mountains. However, an objective understanding of the current status of soil salinization in cultivated lands and its evolution is lacking. This study, based on detailed survey data, actual soil measurements, and the China Land Cover Dataset, compares the advantages and disadvantages of traditional interpolation models and random forest interpolation models for estimating the salt content in the topsoil layer (0-30 cm). The most accurate quantitative prediction model was selected to quantitatively predict as well as obtain the distribution and change characteristics of the salt content in the plow layer soil of the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains. By using space for time, the salt content in the plow layer soil of newly reclaimed farmland over 30 years was compared to understand the impact of cultivation duration. The results showed that: (1) Compared to traditional interpolation methods, the random forest algorithm could more accurately predict the soil salt distribution of salinized land. (2) In the northern Tianshan region, there was significant spatial heterogeneity in the salt content of the topsoil, with salt concentrations in the higher altitude areas leaching with runoff and accumulating in the lower altitude areas near rivers or in depressions close to the deserts. (3) With the extension of cultivation years, the overall salt content in the plow layer soil of the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains decreased, and the degree of soil salinization converged at a moderate level, trending toward equilibrium or “centralization.” This study has enhanced the understanding of the current salinization status of cultivated land and the alterations in soil salinity from the reclamation of virgin wastelands to cultivated lands. It provides theoretical support for the development, management, and effective use of reserve land resources in arid areas, and offers a scientific basis for the sustainable development of agriculture.

Key words: Random Forest, salinization of plow layer soil, years of cultivation, spatio-temporal variation, northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains

ZHANG Bin, ZHENG Xinjun, WANG Yugang, TANG Lisong, LI Yan, DU Lan, TIAN Shengchuan. Changes in the salt content of the plow layer soil during cultivation from 1990 to 2022 on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains[J].Arid Zone Research, 2024, 41(9): 1435-1445.

Figures/Tables 10

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数据	格式与分辨率	来源与预处理
土地利用	栅格，30 m	中国年度土地覆盖数据集（annual China Land Cover Dataset，CLCD）^[19]
人口、GDP	栅格，1 km	中国科学院资源环境科学与数据中心（http://www.resdc.cn/）中的中国人口空间分布公里格网数据集
区位	栅格，1 km	到主干道距离、到次干道距离、到河边距离、到市中心距离数据来源于Open Street Map （https://www.openstreetmap.org/）
地形	栅格，90 m	DEM数据采用ASTER GDEM产品，来自地理空间数据云(坡度、坡向、剖面曲率和平面曲率数据基于DEM数据在ArcGIS内计算得到
气象	栅格，1 km	年平均气温和降水数据来源于中国1 km分辨率逐月降水量数据集^[20]。PET采用Hargreaves潜在蒸散发计算得到
NDVI、FVC	栅格，90 m	由谷歌地球引擎（Google Earth Engine, GEE）计算得到
土壤理化性质	实测值	pH值、EC值和容重数据为实测值
土壤质地	矢量数据	中国土壤质地空间分布数据（http://www.resdc.cn/）
土壤类型	矢量数据	国家青藏高原科学数据中心（http://data.tpdc.ac.cn/zh-hans/）

Changes in the salt content of the plow layer soil during cultivation from 1990 to 2022 on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains

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