县域尺度下关中地区农作物水足迹时空特征及影响因素

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2024.02.16

Abstract

Abstract:

Exploring the regional crop water footprint and its spatial and temporal distribution patterns and driving factors can help optimize agricultural production layouts, improve agricultural production and water use efficiency, and achieve sustainable agricultural development. This study quantified and analyzed the water footprint of major crops in 54 counties and districts in the Guanzhong region from 2000 to 2020. Pathway analysis was used to explore the driving factors influencing temporal and spatial changes in crop water footprint. Key findings revealed that: (1) The total water footprint of crops in the Guanzhong region decreased from 2.232 × 10⁸m³in 2000 to 2.003 × 10⁸m³ in 2020. Blue water use was the most dominant, followed by gray water use, with green water use being the lowest, accounting for 37.261%, 36.254%, and 26.485%, respectively. (2) Significant spatial variations existed in the total crop water footprint, showing a high eastern and low western profile. Regions with similar crop water footprints (high-high or low-low) demonstrated an agglomeration distribution. (3) The crops’ green water footprint was primarily influenced by yield per unit area, while the blue water footprint was mainly affected by average wind speed, followed by pesticide use and relative humidity. Additionally, fertilizer application had the greatest impact on the gray water footprint. This finding suggests that agricultural input factors significantly outweigh meteorological factors in influencing the crop water footprint. Consequently, production level and agricultural inputs were primarily responsible for regional water footprint variability. Potential strategies for regulating crop water footprint include: (1) implementing reasonable allocation of precipitation to improve green water utilization to achieve optimal allocation and use of water resources; (2) enhancing irrigation practices by improving irrigation facilities, increasing irrigation efficiency, and reducing irrigation water resource consumption, particularly as irrigation is a significant contributor to the blue water footprint in agricultural water consumption; (3) reducing fertilizer application and pesticide use while ensuring crop yield to minimize water consumption caused by water environment pollution, thereby controlling agricultural water consumption and alleviating pressure on water resources. These study results are beneficial for conserving water resources and improving water use efficiency in the Guanzhong region. They provide crucial support for facilitating sustainable agricultural water management practices.

Key words: crop, water footprint, influencing factors, spatiotemporal distribution, Guanzhong region

NIE Hanlin, FAN Liangxin, GUO Jin, ZHANG Mengke, WANG Zhijun. Spatial and temporal characteristics of crop water footprint and influencing factors in Guanzhong region at the county scale[J].Arid Zone Research, 2024, 41(2): 339-352.

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References 30

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农作物	年份	Moran’s I
农作物	年份	Moran’s I	P值	Z(I)
冬小麦	2000	0.229	0.003	3.006
	2004	0.253	0.001	3.316
	2008	0.266	0.001	3.455
	2012	0.264	0.001	3.443
	2016	0.259	0.001	3.400
	2020	0.382	0.000	4.651
夏玉米	2000	0.176	0.019	2.338
	2004	0.206	0.007	2.703
	2008	0.102	0.148	1.447
	2012	0.223	0.003	2.995
	2016	0.227	0.002	3.032
	2020	0.417	0.000	5.255

影响因子	蓝水足迹	绿水足迹	灰水足迹
平均气温	0.152	0.168	-0.031
相对湿度	-0.791^**	0.578^**	0.387
平均风速	0.844^**	-0.433	-0.248
日照时数	0.326	-0.047	-0.359
单位面积产量	-0.746^**	0.704^**	0.473^*
化肥施用量	-0.718^**	0.422	0.732^**
农业塑料薄膜使用量	0.018	0.342	0.476^*
农药使用量	-0.727^**	0.471^*	0.677^**

Spatial and temporal characteristics of crop water footprint and influencing factors in Guanzhong region at the county scale

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