干旱区研究

›› 2018, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (4): 963-970.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2018.04.26

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Evaluation on Ecological Security and Analysis of Influence Factors of Oasis in Northwest Arid Region

He Zhen-zhen1,2 ,Wang Hong-wei1,2,YANG Sheng-tian1,3 ,Liu Xiang-yun1,2 ,Wang Pan1,2,Wang Hui1,2    

  1. (1.College of Resources and Environment Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046,Xinjiang,China;2. Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Ministry of Education, Urumqi 830046, Xinjiang,China;3.College of Water Sciences,Beijing Key Laboratory for Remote Sensing of Environment and Digital Cities,Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China)
  • Received:2017-10-16 Revised:2017-12-18 Online:2018-07-15 Published:2018-07-19

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Abstract: It is an important precondition for the sustainable development of the region to maintain the ecological security of oasis. This paper taked Ugan-Kuqa river oasis as the research site, and constructed the evaluation index system from the structure, function and benefit of oasis ecosystem. The ecological security status and trend of the oasis in 2005-2014 were calculated and analyzed with the triangle model, and the affecting factors were analyzed by grey correlation analysis. The results showed that: (1) The non-structural index (NSI) of the ecosystem was decreasing year by year, it is indicated that the components of the ecosystem structure system became more and more reasonable in the decade from 2005 to 2014;The non-functional index (NFI) of the ecosystem was in a fluctuating trend, this was mainly because the natural population growth rate of the vigor index and the per capita water resources ,the soil-water coordination in stability index had great change; The ecosystem beneficial index (BI) has generally continued to rise from 0.08 in 2005 to 0.69 in 2014,it indicated that the economic benefits, social benefits and ecological benefits of the oasis ecosystem continue to improve in the 10a area, and were developing towards a healthy and harmonious direction. (2) From 2005 to 2014, the ecological security of the Ugan-Kuqa river oasis experienced two states: insecure and weak security;Ugan-Kuqa river oasis ecological system is not safe in 2005-2010 years, non-functional index (NFI) has been in the high range, non-structural index (NSI) has been in the medium range, beneficial index (BI) has been in the low range, the index value reflects Ugan-Kuqa river oasis ecological system presents poor structural characteristics, weak function and low benefits at this stage; In the 2011-2014 years, Ugan-Kuqa river oasis ecosystem was in a state of weak security. The non- structural index (NSI) of oasis ecosystem was in a relatively low range, showed a decreasing trend year by year. The non-functional index (NFI) was in a relatively high interval, showed an upward trend, and the beneficial index (BI)was in a low range, rising gradually. Based on the analysis of the change of ecological security status in the 2005-2014 years, we can see that the oasis ecosystem's safety level was changing from unsafe to weak safety state and toward a stable weak security trend. (3) Two factors that affect the ecological security of ecological Ugan-Kuqa river oasis in 2005-2014 were soil-water coordination and afforestation area, their correlation degree and weight were relatively large, and indicated that these two factors were the main factors that affect the ecological security of the oasis, and also the important content of the early warning of the oasis ecological security.Therefore, in order to realize the oasis stability and the sustainable development of oasis society and economy, it is necessary to settle the land with water and return farmland to forest and grass according to local conditions. The results will provide scientific basis for maintaining and further improving the ecological environment of the oasis.

Key words: oasis, Ecological security, Triangle model, assessment, Ugan-Kuqa river oasis, Northwest Arid Area