腾格里沙漠东北缘人工植被对土壤物理性质的影响

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2022.04.12

Abstract

Abstract:

Dryland covering 41% of the Earth’s terrestrial land surface involves regions where land degradation and desertification are the most prominent global environmental problems. For restoring the degraded ecosystem, artificial afforestation of native or exotic species has been widely implemented, of which aerial-seeding afforestation was one of the effective measures owing to its penetration capability in inaccessible areas and labor- and cost-saving characteristics. Thus, this measure is crucial for understanding the change in soil physicochemical property with the aerial-seeding community succession in arid regions. To identify the effect of aerial-seeding afforestation on soil physical properties, the study selected one migratory dune (CK) and six aerial-seeding communities of successional sequence from 1984 to 2018 in the Alxa Desert to analyze the change in soil physical properties and their relationship. Compared with CK, the results show that slit and very fine sand increased by 2.6% and 7.6%, respectively, fine sand decreased by 27.1%, and sand and very coarse sand increased by 15.0% and 0.5% after 37 a, respectively. Compared with the other areas and afforesting means, the aerial-seeding afforestation has minimal effect on soil texture improvement, suggesting that the transition of soil texture from sand to loam is difficult in the short term. Otherwise, the saturated moisture content decreased while dry bulk density increased, which may induce an increase in sand and very coarse sand. The mass moisture content was significantly positive with very fine sand content, that is, the former increased with aerial-seeding ages; however, this content demonstrated differentiation patterns among soil layers, as indicated by a 0.7% reduction in deep layers and a 0.6% increase in shallow layers. Soil mass and saturated water contents were significantly negatively correlated with dry bulk density and uncorrelated with saturated infiltration rate, while the latter two were negatively relevant. Except for the mass water content, the other aforementioned contents were correlated with soil particle size content. Overall, the aerial-seeding afforestation also has positive but limited effects on the improvement of soil texture in the short term and enhanced the soil water-holding capacity and soil water availability. The differentiation of mass moisture content among soil top and deep layers induced community succession from shrub to grass.

Key words: aerial-seeding, soil texture, soil physical properties, artificial vegetation restoration, dryland

ZHAO Chenguang,LI Huiying,YU Tengfei,CHEN Weiyu,XIE Zongcai,ZHANG Binwu,ZHANG Jun. Effects of artificial vegetation construction on soil physical properties in the northeastern edge of Tengger Desert[J].Arid Zone Research, 2022, 39(4): 1112-1121.

Figures/Tables 8

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References 23

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恢复年限	飞播物种	灌木层组成	灌木高度/cm	灌木盖度/%	草本层植物	沙丘类型	海拔/m
CK	无	无			沙蒿、沙鞭、沙米等	流动沙丘	1298±1.8
3 a	沙拐枣+花棒+籽蒿	籽蒿56%+花棒26%+沙拐枣18%	68.6±37.2	4.5±2.7	沙鞭、沙米等	流动沙丘	1305±1.9
5 a	沙拐枣+籽蒿	籽蒿100%	46.3±14.2	12.5±0.3	蒙古韭、蒙古虫实、沙鞭等	半固定沙丘	1306±2.9
11 a	沙拐枣+籽蒿	籽蒿62%+沙拐枣38%	57.0±17.7	12.8±1.3	沙蒿、沙鞭、蒙古韭、蒙古虫实、沙米等	半固定沙丘	1289±4.3
17 a	花棒+沙拐枣+籽蒿	沙拐枣62%+籽蒿31%+花棒7%	78.4±43.0	13.3±5.4	沙鞭、猪毛菜、沙米、针茅、砂蓝刺头、小叶棘豆等	固定沙丘	1263±3.6
20 a	沙拐枣+花棒+籽蒿	籽蒿46%+花棒41%+沙拐枣13%	76.4±45.0	17.7±9.5	油蒿、砂蓝刺头、雾冰藜、猪毛菜、蒙古虫实等	固定沙丘	1367±2.8
37 a	花棒+沙拐枣+籽蒿	籽蒿58%+花棒39%+沙拐枣3%	85.8±71.3	13.3±6.7	蒙古虫实、雾冰藜、拐轴鸦葱、砂蓝刺头、针茅等	固定沙丘	1432±2.2

深度/cm	黏粒	粉粒	极细砂粒	细砂粒	中砂粒	粗砂粒	极粗砂粒
0~10	0.001	0.054	0.188	-0.597	-0.043	0.372	0.026
10~20		0.022	0.191	-0.435	-0.082	0.294	0.009
20~40	0.001	0.047	0.149	-0.436	-0.053	0.246	0.000
40~60	0.001	0.046	0.199	-0.504	-0.048	0.306^*	-0.050
60~80	0.013^**	0.123^***	0.235	-0.424	-0.143	0.199	-0.003
80~100	0.019^***	0.149^***	0.198	-0.500	-0.053	0.195	-0.009

深度 /cm	质量含水量/%		饱和含水量/%		干容重/(g·cm^-3)		饱和入渗率/(cm·h^-1)
深度 /cm	F	B	F	B	F	B	F	B
0~10	32.78^***	0.06^***	2.35	0.07	0.13	-0.00	2.25	-0.62
10~20	38.41^***	0.03^***	0.17	-0.03	2.82	0.00	3.65	-0.44
20~40	0.64	-0.01	1.53	0.09	0.01	0.00	2.76	-0.73
40~60	0.30	-0.01	0.14	-0.04	0.21	0.00	1.71	-0.52
60~80	0.89	-0.01	0.00	0.00	0.62	0.00	1.52	-0.39
80~100	0.54	-0.01	0.00	0.00	0.10	0.00	1.33	-0.54

Effects of artificial vegetation construction on soil physical properties in the northeastern edge of Tengger Desert

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