干旱区研究

Arid Zone Research ›› 2020, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (4): 870-880.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2020.04.07

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Effects of film-mulched drip irrigation on the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of tomato soil in a greenhouse

WANG Jing-wei1，2 ， WANG Lei-yuan3 ， LI Yuan2，4 ， NIU Wen-quan2，5   

  1. （1. School of Resources and Environment, Shanxi University of Finance and Economics, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China; 2. Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; 3. School of Public Administration，Shanxi University of Finance and Economics, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China; 4. Northwest Land and Resources Research Center, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, 710119, Shaanxi, China; 5. Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, CAS & MWR, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China）
  • Received:2019-09-27 Revised:2019-12-06 Online:2020-07-15 Published:2020-10-18
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Abstract: To investigate the laws of soil water and salt transport in a crop root zone as well as their effects on soil-microorganism and enzyme-root interactions under film-mulched drip irrigation（FDI）, and to further enhance the efficiency of water and fertilizer utilization and improve the precision of the irrigation system, a field experiment in a greenhouse was carried out. Tomatoes were taken as the research object and a method of dynamic monitoring in continuous irrigation cycles was used. The effects of conventional drip irrigation（CDI）and FDI on dynamic changes in soil moisture and salt in the tomato root zone, as well as on tomato root growth, soil microorganisms, and enzymes were studied. Further, the interactions among soil environmental factors, soil microorganisms, enzymes, and root growth were analyzed. The results showed that:（1）Compared with CDI, the soil water transfer rate under FDI was significantly lower, the soil water distribution was relatively uniform, and the soil area in which the lower limit of soil moisture content（22%）was maintained within the determination range was five times that under CDI（P < 0.05）.（2）The local salt accumulation rate decreased by 50% and the degree of local salt accumulation decreased under FDI compared with CDI.（3）The root zone soil temperature and pH were significantly increased and decreased by FDI, respectively.（4）The root length density in the surface soil under FDI was 12.8-28.5 times that under CDI. These changes created by FDI further strengthened soil-microorganism and enzyme-root interactions and improved soil urease activity by 20.83%-30.61% and soil phosphatase activity by 76.92%-84.61% compared with CDI. Therefore, compared with CDI, FDI has greater potential to improve the utilization efficiency of water and soil resources. However, relevant agronomic measures of FDI need to be further refined and improved to provide references for further improving water and soil utilization efficiency

Key words: film mulched, drip irrigation, soil microorganisms, soil enzymes, root length density