亚寒带荒漠草原不同树种人工林土壤生态化学计量特征

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2021.05.20

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了阐明亚寒带荒漠草原不同树种人工林间土壤养分含量及生态化学计量特征的差异,通过野外调查与室内分析相结合的方法,在哈萨克斯坦首都努尔苏丹选取种植白桦、樟子松、梣叶槭3种不同树种,林龄为11 a的亚寒带荒漠草原人工林为研究对象,以裸地为对照,对其土壤养分含量及其生态化学计量特征进行了分析。结果表明：（1）土壤养分含量受树种的影响,但不同树种间生态化学计量特征差异不显著。（2）种植人工林后,不同树种人工林土壤有机碳与全氮含量均显著增加,针叶林与阔叶林土壤表层有机C、全N含量差异显著。（3）土壤C、N、P含量呈极显著正相关关系,C含量是C:N、C:P的控制因子,N含量是N:P的控制因子。研究区种植人工林后,虽然土壤养分含量显著增加,但是总体含量仍小于全球平均水平,当地土壤养分仍处于匮乏状态。N是该地区养分循环和植物生长的限制性因素,在人工林生长过程中适当施用氮肥,可加快人工林生长和生态恢复进程。本研究可为哈萨克斯坦首都努尔苏丹的人工林建设和持续经营管理提供科学依据。

关键词: 土壤, 荒漠草原, 生态化学计量, 土壤养分, 哈萨克斯坦

Abstract:

In order to explore the effects of different tree spices on soil nutrients and ecological stoichiometry in sub-frigid desert steppe, combining the method of field investigation and indoor analysis, we analyzed soil nutrients (C、N、P、K) and ecological stochiometry of soil for Nursultan, capital of Kazakhstan of three different tree spcies. The results shouwd that: (1) Soil nutrient content was affected by tree species, but there was no significant difference in ecological stoichiometry among different tree species. (2) Soil organic carbon and total nitrogen contents in different tree species plantations increased significantly after plantation. The differences of soil surface organic carbon and total N contents between coniferous forest and broad-leaved forest were significant. (3) Soil C, N and P contents showed extremely significant positive correlation, and C content was the controlling factor of C: N and C:P, while N content was the controlling factor of N:P. Although the soil nutrient content increased significantly, the overall level was still lower than the global average level, and the local soil nutrient content was still in a state of shortage. N is the limiting factor of nutrient cycle and plant growth in this area. Appropriate application of nitrogen fertilizer in the growth process of plantation can accelerate the growth and ecological restoration process of shelterbelt. This study can provide scientific basis for the protection forest construction and sustainable management in Nursultan, capital of Kazakhstan.

Key words: soil, desert steppe, characteristics of ecological stoichiometry, soil nutrient, Kazakhstan

娄泊远,王永东,闫晋升,艾柯代·艾斯凯尔. 亚寒带荒漠草原不同树种人工林土壤生态化学计量特征[J]. 干旱区研究, 2021, 38(5): 1385-1392.

LOU Boyuan,WANG Yongdong,YAN Jinsheng,Akida Askar. Characteristics of soil ecological stoichiometry of different tree spcies in sub-frigid desert steppe[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2021, 38(5): 1385-1392.

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林分类型	林龄/a	经纬度
白桦	11	51°14′15.15″N,71°43′27.51″E
樟子松纯林	11	51°12′03.02″N,71°41′53.49″E
梣叶槭纯林	11	51°11′31.71″N,71°39′26.49″E
CK	-	51°09′11.08″N,71°40′4.81″E

土层/cm	树种	C:N	C:P	N:P
0~20	白桦	13.5±0.6Aa	49.81±3.09Aa	3.69±0.19Aa
	樟子松	13.32±0.33ABa	44.32±1.52Aa	3.33±0.03Aa
	梣叶槭	12.62±0.73ABa	46.77±2.02Aa	3.72±0.36Aa
	CK	12.09±0.32Ba	33.3±2.87Ba	2.75±0.18Ba
20~40	白桦	11.67±2.36Aa	36.36±11.47Aa	3.05±0.33Aab
	樟子松	10.6±1.33Aa	25.73±1Ab	2.46±0.31Ab
	梣叶槭	11.42±1.6Aa	34.75±5.15Aab	3.04±0.24Aa
	CK	12.05±2.87Aa	21.2±7.63Aab	1.7±0.26Bb
40~60	白桦	11.64±1.44Aa	34.04±6.66Aa	2.9±0.3Ab
	樟子松	11.51±1.85Aa	15.86±4.52Bc	1.39±0.41Bc
	梣叶槭	11.69±1.33Aa	20.78±8.98ABb	1.72±0.53Bb
	CK	10.22±1.83Aa	12.88±6.69Bb	1.3±0.62Bb

	SOC	TN	TP	TK	C:N	C:P	N:P
SOC	1
TN	0.966^**	1
TP	0.597^**	0.579^**	1
TK	0.386^*	0.413^*	-0.354	1
C:N	0.675^**	0.477^*	0.331	0.192	1
C:P	0.914^**	0.879^**	0.239	0.631^**	0.663^**	1
N:P	0.821^**	0.873^**	0.122	0.710^**	0.374	0.936^**	1