新疆野苹果枝条化学计量海拔变异特征研究

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2021.02.16

干旱区研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (2): 450-459.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2021.02.16

新疆野苹果枝条化学计量海拔变异特征研究

闫景明^1,²(),周晓兵²,张静²,陶冶^1,²()

1.安庆师范大学生命科学学院/皖西南生物多样性研究与生态保护安徽省重点实验室,安徽安庆 246133
2.中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐 830011

收稿日期:2020-06-29 修回日期:2020-09-25 出版日期:2021-03-15 发布日期:2021-04-25
通讯作者: 陶冶
作者简介:闫景明（1993-）,男,硕士研究生,主要从事植物生态学研究. E-mail:1591394459@qq.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0501502);支持“率先行动”中国博士后科学基金会与中国科学院联合资助优秀博士后项目(2016LH0049);中国博士后科学基金面上项目(2016M602912);新疆维吾尔自治区天山创新研究团队项目(2018D14009);新疆维吾尔自治区区域协同创新专项资助(2019E01016)

Variation in one-year-old branch stoichiometry of Malus sieversii at different altitudes and the influencing factors in Tianshan Mountains, China

YAN Jingming^1,²(),ZHOU Xiaobing²,ZHANG Jing²,TAO Ye^1,²()

1. Anhui Province Key Laboratory of the Biodiversity Study and Ecology Conservation in Southwest Anhui, College of Life Sciences, Anqing Normal University, Anqing 246133, Anhui, China
2. State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, China

Received:2020-06-29 Revised:2020-09-25 Online:2021-03-15 Published:2021-04-25
Contact: Ye TAO

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为揭示不同海拔新疆野苹果（Malus sieversii）养分化学计量特征的变异性,选择一条山谷作为固定研究区,在1300 m、1400 m、1500 m和1600 m等4个海拔梯度上连续3 a（2016—2018年）开展调查取样,对比分析野苹果一年生枝条N、P、K化学计量时空变异特征及其与环境的关系。结果表明：不同海拔和年份新疆野苹果枝条化学计量指标多为中、弱变异,其中P的变异性最弱,N:K变异性最强;年份对除P:K外的5个化学计量指标有显著影响,而海拔仅对N:P有显著影响;枝条N、N:P及N:K也受年份与海拔交互作用的影响。枝条P（2017年除外）、K及P:K在不同海拔间无显著差异,但均具有明显的年际变化;枝条N、N:P及N:K同时具有显著的年际和海拔变异性,其变化趋势各异。相关性分析和NMDS分析表明,野苹果自身生长状况（枯枝率、投影盖度、病虫害程度及结果量）、年降水量及土壤因子对枝条化学计量特征均有一定影响,但不同化学计量指标的响应特征不同;总体上,植株长势越好,其枝条养分含量越低。可见,野苹果枝条化学计量特征在不同海拔梯度和年际间具有明显的变异性,其影响因素较为复杂。

关键词: 新疆野苹果（Malus sieversii）, 一年生枝, 化学计量学, 年际变化, 海拔, 环境因子

Abstract:

The variability of nutrient stoichiometric characteristics of wild apple trees (Malus sieversii) at different altitudes was investigated. Investigation and sampling were conducted at four altitude gradients of 1300 m, 1400 m, 1500 m, and 1600 m in a valley study area over three consecutive years (2016-2018) to analyze the comparative spatio-temporal variation characteristics of N, P, and K stoichiometry in one-year-old branches of M. sieversii and their relationship with environmental variables. The findings revealed that the branch stoichiometric indexes of wild apple trees tended to exhibit moderate and weak variations at different altitudes and in different years; P exhibited the weakest variability and N:K exhibited the strongest variability. The year significantly impacted the five stoichiometric indexes, with the exception of P:K, whereas altitude had a significant impact only on N:P. The twig N, N:P, and N:K was also affected by the interaction of year and altitude. There were no significant differences between branch P (except for in 2017), K, and P:K at different altitudes, although they all displayed significant interannual changes. The branch N, N:P, and N:K all represented significant temporal and spatial variability; however, the changing trends differed. Both correlation analysis and NMDS analysis demonstrated that they own growth status of wild apple trees (dead branch rate, projective coverage, degree of disease and insect pests, and fruit amount), annual precipitation, and soil factors all affected branch stoichiometric characteristics to a certain extent; however, different stoichiometric indices exhibited different responses. In general, the better the plant growth status of wild apple trees, the lower the nutrient contents in one-year-old branches. Consequently, the branch stoichiometric characteristics of wild apple trees exhibit obvious variability at different altitude gradients and temporal scales, and the influencing factors are quite complex.

Key words: Malus sieversii, one-year-old branch, stoichiomtery, inter-annual variation, altitude, environmental factor

闫景明,周晓兵,张静,陶冶. 新疆野苹果枝条化学计量海拔变异特征研究[J]. 干旱区研究, 2021, 38(2): 450-459.

YAN Jingming,ZHOU Xiaobing,ZHANG Jing,TAO Ye. Variation in one-year-old branch stoichiometry of Malus sieversii at different altitudes and the influencing factors in Tianshan Mountains, China[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2021, 38(2): 450-459.

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年份	海拔/m	N	P	K	N:P	N:K	P:K
2016	1300	19.1	13.6	27.3	18.1	28.4	19.7
	1400	25.4	11.2	16.4	23.1	25.2	11.7
	1500	16.5	13.3	21.9	15.0	21.6	23.5
	1600	23.6	4.9	12.6	27.5	25.5	11.8
2017	1300	20.4	15.1	22.8	13.7	26.7	21.6
	1400	23.1	8.6	17.9	23.5	26.8	14.2
	1500	24.2	14.6	17.7	28.8	28.4	13.5
	1600	22.5	8.9	18.5	22.7	26.7	14.7
2018	1300	15.6	11.7	12.0	14.3	22.2	12.5
	1400	23.2	10.4	21.9	22.8	27.9	19.5
	1500	21.9	14.1	22.2	16.0	31.7	20.3
	1600	25.6	11.7	35.9	24.1	42.9	25.7

因素	df	N	P	K	N:P	N:K	P:K
年份	3	3.90^*	29.85^**	10.98^**	6.88^*	5.64^**	0.70
海拔	2	2.60	0.73	0.32	3.74^*	1.15	0.49
年份×海拔	6	7.12^**	2.01	0.74	4.86^**	5.75^**	1.87

参数	N	P	K	N:P	N:K	P:K
DIP	0.109	0.218^*	0.083	0.012	0.017	0.028
Cov	-0.288^**	-0.372^**	-0.197^*	-0.095	-0.127	-0.087
DBR	0.170	0.187^*	0.189^*	0.081	0.034	-0.053
FA	-0.258^**	-0.241^**	-0.147	-0.159	-0.128	-0.033
Alt	-0.114	-0.067	-0.026	-0.045	-0.030	0.005
MAP	-0.114	0.138	0.190^*	-0.226^*	-0.215^*	-0.092
OC	0.110	-0.170	-0.098	0.212^*	0.124	-0.043
TN	0.366^**	0.186^*	0.133	0.236^**	0.174	-0.012
TP	0.231^**	0.258^**	0.217^*	0.063	0.011	-0.069
TK	0.008	-0.238^**	-0.177^*	0.139	0.146	0.038
AN	0.126	0.378^**	0.191^*	-0.122	-0.069	0.067
AP	0.284^**	-0.035	-0.051	0.276^**	0.247^**	0.045
AK	0.203^*	0.312^**	0.162	0.002	0.030	0.051
pH	-0.201^*	-0.126	-0.087	-0.125	-0.088	0.013
EC	0.355^**	0.427^**	0.239^**	0.089	0.099	0.046

参数	Axis 1	Axis 2
化学计量指标
N	0.730^**	0.873^**
P	0.552^**	-0.034
K	0.765^**	-0.273^**
N:P	0.420^**	0.944^**
N:K	0.103	0.928^**
P:K	-0.399^**	0.318^**
环境因子
MAP	-0.277^**	0.190^*
Cov	-0.322^**	-0.149
DBR	0.247^**	0.069
FA	-0.274^**	-0.172
OC	0.007	0.179^*
TN	0.320^**	0.260^**
TP	0.307^**	0.092
AN	0.215^*	-0.031
AP	0.140	0.294^**
AK	0.247^**	0.078
pH	-0.207^*	-0.148
EC	0.386^**	0.164
累积解释量/%	25.6	97.3

新疆野苹果枝条化学计量海拔变异特征研究

Variation in one-year-old branch stoichiometry of Malus sieversii at different altitudes and the influencing factors in Tianshan Mountains, China

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