干旱区研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (2): 450-459.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2021.02.16
收稿日期:
2020-06-29
修回日期:
2020-09-25
出版日期:
2021-03-15
发布日期:
2021-04-25
通讯作者:
陶冶
作者简介:
闫景明(1993-),男,硕士研究生,主要从事植物生态学研究. E-mail:基金资助:
YAN Jingming1,2(),ZHOU Xiaobing2,ZHANG Jing2,TAO Ye1,2()
Received:
2020-06-29
Revised:
2020-09-25
Online:
2021-03-15
Published:
2021-04-25
Contact:
Ye TAO
摘要:
为揭示不同海拔新疆野苹果(Malus sieversii)养分化学计量特征的变异性,选择一条山谷作为固定研究区,在1300 m、1400 m、1500 m和1600 m等4个海拔梯度上连续3 a(2016—2018年)开展调查取样,对比分析野苹果一年生枝条N、P、K化学计量时空变异特征及其与环境的关系。结果表明:不同海拔和年份新疆野苹果枝条化学计量指标多为中、弱变异,其中P的变异性最弱,N:K变异性最强;年份对除P:K外的5个化学计量指标有显著影响,而海拔仅对N:P有显著影响;枝条N、N:P及N:K也受年份与海拔交互作用的影响。枝条P(2017年除外)、K及P:K在不同海拔间无显著差异,但均具有明显的年际变化;枝条N、N:P及N:K同时具有显著的年际和海拔变异性,其变化趋势各异。相关性分析和NMDS分析表明,野苹果自身生长状况(枯枝率、投影盖度、病虫害程度及结果量)、年降水量及土壤因子对枝条化学计量特征均有一定影响,但不同化学计量指标的响应特征不同;总体上,植株长势越好,其枝条养分含量越低。可见,野苹果枝条化学计量特征在不同海拔梯度和年际间具有明显的变异性,其影响因素较为复杂。
闫景明,周晓兵,张静,陶冶. 新疆野苹果枝条化学计量海拔变异特征研究[J]. 干旱区研究, 2021, 38(2): 450-459.
YAN Jingming,ZHOU Xiaobing,ZHANG Jing,TAO Ye. Variation in one-year-old branch stoichiometry of Malus sieversii at different altitudes and the influencing factors in Tianshan Mountains, China[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2021, 38(2): 450-459.
表1
不同海拔新疆野苹果枝条化学计量特征在不同年份间的变异系数Cv"
年份 | 海拔/m | N | P | K | N:P | N:K | P:K |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2016 | 1300 | 19.1 | 13.6 | 27.3 | 18.1 | 28.4 | 19.7 |
1400 | 25.4 | 11.2 | 16.4 | 23.1 | 25.2 | 11.7 | |
1500 | 16.5 | 13.3 | 21.9 | 15.0 | 21.6 | 23.5 | |
1600 | 23.6 | 4.9 | 12.6 | 27.5 | 25.5 | 11.8 | |
2017 | 1300 | 20.4 | 15.1 | 22.8 | 13.7 | 26.7 | 21.6 |
1400 | 23.1 | 8.6 | 17.9 | 23.5 | 26.8 | 14.2 | |
1500 | 24.2 | 14.6 | 17.7 | 28.8 | 28.4 | 13.5 | |
1600 | 22.5 | 8.9 | 18.5 | 22.7 | 26.7 | 14.7 | |
2018 | 1300 | 15.6 | 11.7 | 12.0 | 14.3 | 22.2 | 12.5 |
1400 | 23.2 | 10.4 | 21.9 | 22.8 | 27.9 | 19.5 | |
1500 | 21.9 | 14.1 | 22.2 | 16.0 | 31.7 | 20.3 | |
1600 | 25.6 | 11.7 | 35.9 | 24.1 | 42.9 | 25.7 |
表3
新疆野苹果枝条化学计量特征与个体生长参数及环境因子之间的相关系数"
参数 | N | P | K | N:P | N:K | P:K |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DIP | 0.109 | 0.218* | 0.083 | 0.012 | 0.017 | 0.028 |
Cov | -0.288** | -0.372** | -0.197* | -0.095 | -0.127 | -0.087 |
DBR | 0.170 | 0.187* | 0.189* | 0.081 | 0.034 | -0.053 |
FA | -0.258** | -0.241** | -0.147 | -0.159 | -0.128 | -0.033 |
Alt | -0.114 | -0.067 | -0.026 | -0.045 | -0.030 | 0.005 |
MAP | -0.114 | 0.138 | 0.190* | -0.226* | -0.215* | -0.092 |
OC | 0.110 | -0.170 | -0.098 | 0.212* | 0.124 | -0.043 |
TN | 0.366** | 0.186* | 0.133 | 0.236** | 0.174 | -0.012 |
TP | 0.231** | 0.258** | 0.217* | 0.063 | 0.011 | -0.069 |
TK | 0.008 | -0.238** | -0.177* | 0.139 | 0.146 | 0.038 |
AN | 0.126 | 0.378** | 0.191* | -0.122 | -0.069 | 0.067 |
AP | 0.284** | -0.035 | -0.051 | 0.276** | 0.247** | 0.045 |
AK | 0.203* | 0.312** | 0.162 | 0.002 | 0.030 | 0.051 |
pH | -0.201* | -0.126 | -0.087 | -0.125 | -0.088 | 0.013 |
EC | 0.355** | 0.427** | 0.239** | 0.089 | 0.099 | 0.046 |
表4
NMDS排序前2轴的累积解释量及化学计量指标、环境因子与排序轴的相关系数"
参数 | Axis 1 | Axis 2 |
---|---|---|
化学计量指标 | ||
N | 0.730** | 0.873** |
P | 0.552** | -0.034 |
K | 0.765** | -0.273** |
N:P | 0.420** | 0.944** |
N:K | 0.103 | 0.928** |
P:K | -0.399** | 0.318** |
环境因子 | ||
MAP | -0.277** | 0.190* |
Cov | -0.322** | -0.149 |
DBR | 0.247** | 0.069 |
FA | -0.274** | -0.172 |
OC | 0.007 | 0.179* |
TN | 0.320** | 0.260** |
TP | 0.307** | 0.092 |
AN | 0.215* | -0.031 |
AP | 0.140 | 0.294** |
AK | 0.247** | 0.078 |
pH | -0.207* | -0.148 |
EC | 0.386** | 0.164 |
累积解释量/% | 25.6 | 97.3 |
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