基于三维生态足迹模型的天山北麓绿洲生态安全评价

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2020.05.27

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 运用改进三维生态足迹模型对2000—2016年天山北麓绿洲生态安全进行评价。结果表明：（1）17 a来天山北麓绿洲的整体生态环境处于不可持续的发展状况，生态占用面积持续增加，生态足迹广度由8.38×10⁶ hm²上升到2.73×10⁷ hm²，平均增速为1.11×10⁶hm²·a^-1，生态安全受到严重威胁。（2）2002年后天山北麓绿洲不可持续状况的相对差异逐渐减小，内部各行政单元的人均生态赤字相对差异逐渐缩小。（3）天山北麓绿洲生态利用效率整体上呈现增加趋势，17 a间翻了三番，对于资源的利用程度日趋充分，单位资源创造的经济价值不断增加，但在各年份变化率波动较大，波动幅度在-18.23%～120.84%之间。（4）天山北麓绿洲生态适度人口虽呈现出波动增长趋势，但对于资源的需求和利用也在迅速增加，持续增加的人口规模给生态环境造成巨大压力。最后为缓解生态压力，减小生态赤字，促进天山北麓绿洲的可持续发展提出了建议和对策。

关键词: 三维生态足迹, 绿洲, 生态安全, 天山北麓

Abstract: We used an improved three-dimensional ecological footprint model to evaluate the ecological security of the northern oasis of the Tianshan Mountains from 2000 to 2016. The results show that (1) from 2000 to 2016, the overall ecological environment of the northern oasis of the Tianshan Mountains is in an unsustainable state of development, and the ecological footprint continues to increase. The ecological footprint has increased from 8.38×10⁶ hm² to 2.73×10⁷ hm² with an average growth rate of 1.11×10⁶ hm²·a^-1. Ecological security is seriously threatened. (2) After 2002, the relative disparities in the unsustainability of the northern oasis of the Tianshan Mountains gradually decreased, and the relative differences in the ecological deficits of the internal administrative units gradually narrowed. (3) The ecological utilization efficiency of the northern oasis of the Tianshan Mountains as a whole has shown an increasing trend, which has tripled in 17 years. The degree of utilization of resources has become more and more abundant, and the economic value created by unit resources has continuously increased. However, the rate of change in each year has fluctuated dramatically, and the fluctuation range is between -18.23% and 120.84%. (4)Although the ecologically moderate population of the Tianshan Mountains’northern oasis shows a fluctuating growth trend, the demand for and use of resources are also increasing rapidly, and the continuously growing population has caused tremendous pressure on the ecological environment. Finally, some suggestions were put forward to ease the ecological pressure, reduce the ecological deficit, and promote the sustainable development of the northern oasis of the Tianshan Mountains.

Key words: three-dimensional ecological footprint, oasis, ecological security, Tianshan northern foot

李鹏辉, 徐丽萍, 刘笑, 吴品儒. 基于三维生态足迹模型的天山北麓绿洲生态安全评价[J]. 干旱区研究, 2020, 37(5): 1337-1345.

LI Peng-hui, XU Li-ping, LIU Xiao, WU Pin-ru. Ecological security evaluation of an oasis in the north of the Tianshan Mountains based on three-dimensional ecological footprint model[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2020, 37(5): 1337-1345.

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