近17 a阿克苏绿洲农田净碳汇功能的时空变化

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2022.04.30

干旱区研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (4): 1303-1311.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2022.04.30

近17 a阿克苏绿洲农田净碳汇功能的时空变化

李远航^1,^2,³(),郝兴明^2,³(),张静静^2,^3,⁴,范雪^1,^2,³,赵卓怡^2,^3,⁴

1.新疆师范大学生命科学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐 830054
2.中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐 830011
3.新疆阿克苏绿洲农田生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,新疆阿克苏 843017
4.中国科学院大学,北京 100049

收稿日期:2021-12-10 修回日期:2022-01-19 出版日期:2022-07-15 发布日期:2022-09-26
通讯作者: 郝兴明
作者简介:李远航（1996-）,男,硕士研究生,主要从事干旱区资源与环境等方面的研究. E-mail: li18337672237@163.com
基金资助:
西部之光交叉团队项目(028410101);国家自然科学基金项目(U1903114)

Spatial and temporal variation of net carbon sink function of farmland in Aksu oasis in the past 17 years

LI Yuanhang^1,^2,³(),HAO Xingming^2,³(),ZHANG Jingjing^2,^3,⁴,FAN Xue^1,^2,³,ZHAO Zhuoyi^2,^3,⁴

1. College of Life Sciences, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang, China
2. State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, China
3. National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of Akesu Oasis Farmland Ecosystem, Aksu 843017, Xinjiang, China
4. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2021-12-10 Revised:2022-01-19 Online:2022-07-15 Published:2022-09-26
Contact: Xingming HAO

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于阿克苏地区2001—2017年遥感、气象资料以及农业投入等相关统计数据估算了阿克苏绿洲农田的净碳汇量。结果表明：（1）近17 a,阿克苏绿洲农田净生态系统生产力（Net Ecosystem Productivity,NEP）呈逐年上升的趋势,整体在空间分布上较为均匀,较高值主要集中在温宿县的南部、阿克苏市的中部及新和、库车、沙雅三县的交汇处。（2）农业生产投入碳排放量从2001年的39.94×10⁴t增长至2017年的106.73×10⁴t,年均增长率为25.14%,空间分布呈东南高、西北低的分布格局。（3）近17 a,阿克苏绿洲农田的净碳汇量呈波动上升趋势,空间上呈自西北向东南逐渐增加的特点。总体而言,阿克苏绿洲农田具有较强的净碳汇能力,但各县市绿洲农田净碳汇量区域差异明显,可通过优化田间管理、减少农业生产碳排放等措施,提高绿洲农田的净碳汇能力。

关键词: 净生态系统生产力（NEP）, 绿洲, 农田, 碳排放, 净碳汇, 阿克苏

Abstract:

Studying the spatial and temporal variations of the net carbon sink function of oasis farmland is important for its management and sustainable development. The net carbon sink of Aksu oasis farmland was estimated on the basis of remote sensing, meteorological data and agricultural inputs, and other related statistics from 2001 to 2017. The following results are presented. (1) In the past 17 years, the net ecosystem productivity (NEP) of oasis farmland in Aksu showed an increasing trend yearly, with an average annual growth rate of 7.43%. Among which, the area of oasis farmland with a significant increasing trend of NEP was 1.44 × 10⁴ km², accounting for 97.7% of its total area, which is mainly distributed in various counties and cities. The area with a significant decreasing trend was 339 km², accounting for 2.3% of the total area, mainly in the oasis areas of Wensu, Awati, Aksu, and Kuche counties. (2) Carbon emissions from agricultural production inputs increased from 39.94 × 10⁴t in 2001 to 106.73 × 10⁴t in 2017, with an average annual growth rate of 25.14% and high and low distribution patterns in the Southeast and Northwest, respectively, considering spatial distribution. The largest proportions of agricultural production input pathways are fertilizer and agricultural machinery at 28% and 26%, respectively. (3) From 2001 to 2017, the net carbon sink of Aksu oasis farmland showed a fluctuating upward trend, spatially demonstrating a gradual increase from Northwest to Southeast, with high values mainly distributed in the southwestern part of Wensu county, the western part of Aksu City, the entire territory of Alar City, and the eastern part of Xinhe County. Overall, Aksu oasis farmland has a high net carbon sink capacity. However, regional differences are found in the net carbon sinks of oasis farmland among counties and cities. Thus, the net carbon sink capacity of oasis farmland should be improved by optimizing the agricultural industry structure and enhancing farming measures.

Key words: NEP, oasis, farmland, carbon emission, net carbon sink, Aksu

李远航,郝兴明,张静静,范雪,赵卓怡. 近17 a阿克苏绿洲农田净碳汇功能的时空变化[J]. 干旱区研究, 2022, 39(4): 1303-1311.

LI Yuanhang,HAO Xingming,ZHANG Jingjing,FAN Xue,ZHAO Zhuoyi. Spatial and temporal variation of net carbon sink function of farmland in Aksu oasis in the past 17 years[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2022, 39(4): 1303-1311.

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碳排放途径	碳排放系数	来源
氮肥（A₁）	1740.00 kg·kg^-1	[31]
磷肥（A₂）	165.09 kg·kg^-1	[32]
钾肥（A₃）	120.28 kg·kg^-1	[32]
复合肥（A₄）	380.97 kg·kg^-1	[32]
农药（B）	4.9341 kg·kg^-1	美国橡树岭国家实验室
农膜（C）	5.18 kg·kg^-1	南京农业大学农业资源与生态环境研究所
农田耕作（D）	16.47 kg·hm^-2	[32]
农业用电（F）	0.18 kg·kW^-1	政府间气候变化专门委员会
农业灌溉（G）	266.48 kg·hm^-2	[18]
柴油（J）	0.5927 g·kg^-1	政府间气候变化专门委员会
农田翻耕（H）	312.6 kg·hm^-2	[33]

年份	化肥	农膜	农药	农机	灌溉	柴油	翻耕	总和
2001	9.70	0.23	6.95	11.46	9.03	1.99	0.58	39.94
2002	9.54	0.21	6.29	12.11	8.78	2.20	0.56	39.69
2003	11.01	0.22	6.52	12.21	8.80	2.56	0.55	41.88
2004	11.64	0.25	7.35	12.25	8.62	2.90	0.55	43.55
2005	12.33	0.26	7.79	13.03	8.73	2.93	0.58	45.64
2006	14.00	0.33	8.76	12.77	8.97	3.16	0.60	48.58
2007	14.66	0.34	9.29	12.13	9.25	2.82	0.62	49.12
2008	16.97	0.30	12.24	15.62	11.78	3.07	1.31	61.30
2009	18.60	0.48	12.88	18.10	12.09	3.66	0.90	66.71
2010	20.00	0.53	14.13	17.89	13.04	4.01	0.94	70.55
2011	22.46	0.49	15.02	18.24	13.60	4.49	0.84	75.14
2012	21.95	0.50	15.32	18.72	13.49	4.82	0.94	75.73
2013	22.35	0.52	15.60	18.89	13.73	5.17	0.94	77.20
2014	26.24	0.63	19.89	25.62	15.88	6.05	1.01	95.32
2015	26.48	0.63	20.50	26.45	15.77	6.41	0.98	97.23
2016	29.41	1.18	21.26	27.70	17.49	6.57	0.95	104.56
2017	31.97	0.16	21.47	27.70	18.21	6.20	1.01	106.73

近17 a阿克苏绿洲农田净碳汇功能的时空变化

Spatial and temporal variation of net carbon sink function of farmland in Aksu oasis in the past 17 years

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