2000—2015年乌兰察布市生长季NDVI时空变化及其影响因素

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2019.05.22

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以2000—2015年MODIS中国500M NDVI月合成产品数据为基础，结合乌兰察布市同期降水和气温数据，采用趋势线分析法、差值法、复直线回归分析法和残差法等，对乌兰察布市近16 a来生长季归一化植被指数(NDVI)进行像元尺度的时空变化及影响因素分析。结果表明：① 2000—2015年乌兰察布市NDVI介于0.354～0.555，整体呈波动上升趋势，空间分布差异明显，且呈东南高西北低的特点；② 2000—2004年、2005—2009年、2010—2015年乌兰察布市植被覆盖变化类型呈改善→退化→改善。植被覆盖改善较退化的速度慢，且植被退化后恢复缓慢；③ 乌兰察布市植物生长受降水、气温的双重影响。NDVI与年均降水量呈显著正相关（r=0.730，P=0.001），并通过了0.01显著性水平检验，与气温呈负相关（r=-0.351，P=0.182），二者相关关系不显著，相较气温而言，降水是影响植物生长的主要气候因子。在排除人类活动的影响下，降水和气温对乌兰察布市NDVI的贡献自西北向东南由0.213逐渐增加至0.805；④ 人类活动对植被指数起消减作用的区域占研究区总面积的55.92%，对植被指数起积极作用的区域占研究区面积的44.08%。

关键词: NDVI')">

NDVI, 时空变化, 复直线回归, 气候因子, 人类活动, 乌兰察布市

Abstract:

In this paper, the spatiotemporal change of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and its affecting factors in Ulanchab City in recent 16 years were analyzed. The study was based on the monthly synthetic product data of MODIS China 500M NDVI from 2000 to 2015 and the precipitation and temperature data in the same period. The trend line analysis, differential method, complex linear regression analysis and residual method were used. The results showed that: ① The vegetation NDVI in Ulanqab City varied in a range of 0.354-0.555 during the period of 2000-2015, and the overall trend fluctuated and its spatial distribution was obvious. It was high in the southeast but low in the northwest; ② The vegetation types in Ulanqab City were in a trend of improvement → degeneration → improvement during the periods of 2000-2004, 2005-2009 and 2010-2015, and the degenerated vegetation was regenerated slowly; ③ Vegetation growth in Ulanqab City was affected by both precipitation and temperature. There was a significantly positive correlation between the NDVI and the annual precipitation (r = 0.730, P = 0.001), which passed the significance test at 0.01 level, but a negative one between the NDVI and the temperature (r=-0.351, P=0.182), and the correlation between the two climatic factors was not significant. Without considering the influence of human activities, the contribution of precipitation and temperature to vegetation NDVI was gradually increased from 0.213 to 0.805 from the northwest to the southeast; ④ The areas where human activities played a role in reducing vegetation index and increasing it accounted for 55.92% and 44.08% of the total study area respectively.

Key words: NDVI')">

NDVI, spatiotemporal variation, complex linear regression, climatic factor, human activity, Ulanqab City

李建飞, 李小兵, 周义. 2000—2015年乌兰察布市生长季NDVI时空变化及其影响因素[J]. 干旱区研究, 2019, 36(5): 1238-1249.

LI Jian-fei, LI Xiao-bing, ZHOU Yi.

Spatiotemporal Variation of NDVI and Its Affecting Factors in Ulanqab City in Growing Season from 2000 to 2015 [J]. Arid Zone Research, 2019, 36(5): 1238-1249.

参考文献 35

[1]	孙红雨,王长耀,牛铮,等.中国地表植被覆盖变化及其与气候因子关系──基于NOAA时间序列数据分析[J].遥感学报,1998,2(3):204-210.[Sun Hongyu,Wang Changyao,Niu Zheng,et al.Analysis of the vegetation cover change and the relationship between NDVI and environmental factors by using NOAA time series data[J].Journal of Remote Sensing,1998,2(3):204-210.]
[2]	刘少华,严登华,史晓亮,等.中国植被NDVI与气候因子的年际变化及相关性研究[J].干旱区地理,2014,37(3):480-489.[Liu Shaohua,Yan Denghua,Shi Xiaoliang,et al.Inter-annual variability of vegetation NDVI accumulated temperature and precipitation and their correlations in China[J].Arid Land Geography,2014,37(3):480-489.]
[3]	崔林丽,史军,肖风劲,等.中国东部NDVI的变化趋势及其与气候因子的相关分析[J].资源科学,2010,32(1):124-131.[Cui Linli,Shi Jun,Xiao Fengjin,et al.Variation trends in vegetation NDVI and its correlation with climatic factors in Eastern China[J].Resources Science,2010,32(1):124-131.]
[4]	Zhou L M,Tucker C J,Kaufm R K,et al.Variations in Northern vegetation activity inferred from satellite data of vegetation index during 1981 to 1999[J].Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres,2001,106(D17):20 069-20 083.
[5]	李秀花,师庆东,郭娟,等.中国西北干旱区1981—2001年NDVI对气候变化的响应分析[J].干旱区资源与环境,2009,23(2):12-16.[Li Xiuhua,Shi Qingdong,Guo Juan,et al.The response of NDVI to climate variability in Northwest arid area of China from 1981 to 2001[J].Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment,2009,23(2):12-16.]
[6]	Fang Jingyun,Piao Shilong,He Jinsheng,et al.Increasing te-restrial vegetation activity in China,1982-1999[J].Science in China（Series C）,2004,47(3):229-240.
[7]	徐浩杰,杨太保.柴达木盆地植被生长时空变化特征及其对气候要素的响应[J].自然资源学报,2014,29(3):398-409.[Xu Haojie,Yang Taibao.Spatial-temporal variations of vegetation activities and its responses to climatic factors in the Qaidam Basin[J].Journal of Natural Resources,2014,29(3):398-409.]
[8]	Parmesan C,Yohe G.A globally coherent fingerprint of climate change impacts across natural systems[J].Nature,2003,421(6 918):37-42.
[9]	李晓兵,史培军.中国典型植被类型 NDVI 动态变化与气温、降水变化的敏感性分析[J].植物生态学报,2000,43(3):379-382.[Li Xiaobing,Shi Peijun.Sensitivity analysis of variation in NDVI,temperature and precipitation in typical vegetation types Across China[J].Acta Phytoecologica Sinica,2000,43(3):379-382.]
[10]	穆少杰,李建龙,陈奕兆,等.2001—2010年内蒙古植被覆被度时空变化特征[J].地理学报,2012,67(9):1 255-1 268.[Mu Shaojie,Li Jianlong,Chen Yizhao,et al.Spatial differences of variations of vegetation coverage in Inner Mongolia during 2001-2010[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2012,67(9):1 255-1 268.]
[11]	秦超,李君轶,陈宏飞.近20年宝鸡市植被覆被度动态变化及驱动力分析[J].山东农业科学,2014,46(9):98-105.[Qin Chao,Li Junyi,Chen Hongfei.Dynamic change and driving force analysis of vegetation coverage in Baoji City in recent 20 years[J].Shandong Agricultural Sciences,2014,46(9):98-105.]
[12]	张培峰,胡远满,赵明华.乌兰察布市经济发展与生态环境作用机制研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2010,24(3):6-12.[Zhang Peifeng,Hu Yuanman,Zhao Minghua.Study on the action mechanism of economic development and eco-environment in Ulanqab city[J].Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment,2010,24(3):6-12.]
[13]	张月丛,赵志强,李双成,等.基于SPOT NDVI的华北北部地表植被覆盖变化趋势[J].地理研究,2008,27(4):745-754,973.[Zhang Yuecong,Zhao Zhiqiang,Li Shuangcheng,et al.Indicating variation of surface vegetation cover using SPOT NDVI in the northern part of North China[J].Geographical Research,2008,27(4):745-754,973.]
[14]	罗敏,古丽·加帕尔,郭浩,等.2000—2013年塔里木河流域生长季NDVI时空变化特征及其影响因素分析[J].自然资源学报,2017,32(1):50-63.[Luo Min,Guli Jiapaer,Guo Hao,et al.Spatial-temporal variation of growingseason NDVI and its responses to hydrothermal condition in the Tarim River Basin from 2000 to 2013[J].Journal of Natural Resources,2017,32(1):50-63.]
[15]	An Y Z,Liu C S,Shi R H,et al.Spatio-temporal analysis of the vegetation changes based on MODIS timeseriesdata in the Yangtze River Delta region[J].Ecology and Environment Sciences,2012,21(12):1 923-1 927.
[16]	郭铌,朱燕君,王介民,等.近22年来西北不同类型植被NDVI变化与气候因子的关系[J].植物生态学报,2008,32(2):319-327.[Guo Ni,Zhu Yanjun,Wang Jiemin,et al.The relationship between NDVI and climate elements for 22 years in different vegetation areas of Northwest China[J].Journal of Plant Ecology,2008,32(2):319-327.]
[17]	刘旻霞,赵瑞东,邵鹏,等.近15 a黄土高原植被覆被时空变化及驱动力分析[J].干旱区地理,2018,41(1):99-108.[Liu Minxia,Zhao Ruidong,Shao Peng,et al.Temporal and spatial variation of vegetation coverage and its driving forces in the Loess Plateau from 2001 to 2015[J].Arid Land Geography,2018,41(1):99-108.]
[18]	陈登魁,马超,王夏冰,等.1982—2015年可可西里NDVI变化特征及其气候响应[J].干旱区研究,2018,35(6):1 410-1 417.[Chen Dengkui,Ma Chao,Wang Xiabing,et al.Variation of NDVI and its response to climate change in Hoh Xil during the period of 1982-2015[J].Arid Zone Research,2018,35(6):1 410-1 417.]
[19]	徐勇,奚砚涛.江苏省植被覆盖动态变化及其与气候因子的关系[J].水土保持通报,2015,35(4):195-201,2,329.[Xu Yong,Xi Yantao.Change of vegetation coverage in Jiangsu Province and its relational with climatic factors[J].Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2015,35(4):195-201,2,329.]
[20]	周梦甜,李军,朱康文.近15 a新疆不同类型植被NDVI时空动态变化及对气候变化的响应[J].干旱区地理,2015,38(4):779-787.[Zhou Mengtian,Li Jun,Zhu Kangwen.Spatial-temporal dynamics of different types of vegetation NDVI and its response to climate change in Xinjiang during 1998-2012[J].Arid Land Geography,2015,38(4):779-787.]
[21]	李辉霞,刘国华,傅伯杰.基于NDVI的三江源地区植被生长对气候变化和人类活动的响应研究[J].生态学报,2011,31(19):5 495-5 504.[Li Huixia,Liu Guohua,Fu Bojie.Response of vegetation to climate change and human activity based on NDVI in the Three-River Headwaters region[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2011,31(19):5 495-5 504.]
[22]	孙建国,张卓,韩惠,等.气候和人类因素在黄土高原西北部植被变化中的贡献率研究[J].遥感信息,2014,29(2):83-88.[Sun Jianguo,Zhang Zhuo,Han Hui,et al.Contributions of climate and human to vegetation variation on Northwest Loess Plateau[J].Remote Sensing Information,2014,29(2):83-88.]
[23]	卓莉,曹鑫,陈晋,等.锡林郭勒草原生态恢复工程效果的评价[J].地理学报,2007,62(5):471-480.[Zhuo Li,Cao Xin,Chen Jin,et al.Assessment of grassland ecological restoration project in Xilin Gol Grassland[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2007,62(5):471-480.]
[24]	栾金凯,刘登峰,黄强,等.近17年陕西榆林植被指数的时空变化及影响因素[J].生态学报,2018,38(8):2 780-2 790.[Luan Jinkai,Liu Dengfeng,Huang Qiang,et al.Analysis of the spatial-temporal change and impact factors of the vegetation index in Yulin,Shaanxi Province,in the last 17 years[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2018,38(8):2 780-2 790.]
[25]	郭铌,韩天虎,王静,等.玛曲退牧还草工程生态效果的遥感监测[J].中国沙漠,2010,30(1):154-160.[Guo Ni,Han Tianhu,Wang Jing,et al.Ecological effects of “Restoring Grazing to Grassland Project” in Maqu County[J].Journal of Desearch Research,2010,30(1):154-160.]
[26]	郭晓丽.乌兰察布市近十年植被指数时空特征分析[J].北方农业学报,2017,45(3):86-89.[Guo Xiaoli.Analysis of recent ten years spatiotemporal characteristics of vegetation index in Ulanqab[J].Journal of Northern Agriculture,2017,45(3):86-89.]
[27]	王鹤,张跃,马君.乌兰察布市后山风蚀沙化区(农牧交错带)植被保护与建设模式的分析与探讨[J].内蒙古草业,2005(4):19-22.[Wang He,Zhang Yue,Ma Jun.Analysis and discussion on vegetation protection and construction mode in the wind erosion (transitional area between pastoral and agricultural) and desertification area of Ulanqab city[J].Inner Mongolia Prataculture,2005(4):19-22.]
[28]	刘秀莲.乌兰察布盟2003年禁牧、休牧工作调研报告[J].内蒙古草业,2004(2):12-13.[Liu Xiulian.Investigation report on the work of prohibiting and restoring animal husbandry in Ulanqab League in 2003[J].Inner Mongolia Prataculture,2004(2):12-13.]
[29]	蒙古统计局.年度数据.http://www.nmgtj.gov.cn/channel/nmg_tjj/col10471f.html,2002-2016.[Inner Mongolia Statistical Bureau.Annual Data.http://www.nmgtj.gov.cn/channel/nmg_tjj/col10471f.html.2002-2016.]
[30]	王军邦,陶健,李贵才,等.内蒙古中部MODIS植被动态监测分析[J].地球信息科学学报,2010,12(6):835-842.[Wang Junbang,Tao Jian,Li Guicai,et al.Monitoring interannual vegetation variation in middle Inner Mongolia through MODIS NDVI[J].Journal of Geo-Information Science,2010,12(6):835-842.]
[31]	安佑志,张远,高炜,等.基于GIMMS NDVI数据的北方13省荒漠化趋势评价[J].干旱区资源与环境,2014,28(4):1-7.[An Youzhi,Zhang Yuan,Gao Wei,et al.Assessment of desertification trends of 13 provinces in Northern China based on GIMMS NDVI data[J].Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment,2014,28(4):1-7.]
[32]	郭继凯,吴秀芹,董贵华,等.基于MODIS/NDVI的塔里木河流域植被覆盖变化驱动因素相对作用分析[J].干旱区研究,2017,34(3):621-629.[Guo Jikai,Wu Xiuqin,Dong Guihua,et al.Vegetation coverage change and relative effects of driving factors based on MODIS/NDVI in the Tarim River Basin[J].Arid Zone Research,2017,34(3):621-629.]
[33]	孔萌,苏根成,迟文峰.农牧交错带耕地时空动态变化特征及驱动力分析——以乌兰察布市为例[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(2):269-272,278.[Kong Meng,Su Gencheng,Chi Wenfeng.Spatiotemporal variation and driving forces on cultivated land change in transitional area between pastoral and agricultural:A case of cultivated land change of Ulanqab[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2014,21(2):269-272,278.]
[34]	武正丽,贾文雄,赵珍,等.2000—2012年祁连山植被覆盖变化及其与气候因子的相关性[J].干旱区地理,2015,38(6):1 241-1 252.[Wu Zhengli,Jia Wenxiong,Zhao Zhen,et al.Spatialtemporal variations of vegetation and its correlation with climatic factors in Qilian Mountains from 2000 to 2012[J].Arid Land Geography,2015,38(6):1 241-1 252.]
[35]	刘文彬,蔡体久,琚存勇,等.1981—2003年黑龙江省植被变化及其对气候的响应[J].林业科学,2010,46(6):154-160.[Liu Wenbin,Cai Tijiu,Ju Cunyong,et al.Vegetation change and the relationship with climate factors in Heilongjiang Province from 1981 to 2003[J].Scientia Silvan Sinicae,2010,46(6):154-160.]