干旱区研究

干旱区研究 ›› 2013, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (6): 1013-1020.

• 植物资源 • 上一篇    下一篇

祁连山排露沟流域青海云杉林土壤养分和pH变化特征

刘贤德1,2，赵维俊1,2，张学龙2，敬文茂2，范莉梅1   

  1. （1.甘肃农业大学林学院，甘肃兰州730070； 2.甘肃省祁连山水源涵养林研究院，甘肃 张掖734000）
  • 收稿日期:2012-11-02 修回日期:2013-05-02 出版日期:2013-11-15 发布日期:2013-12-12
  • 作者简介:刘贤德（1963-），男，博士生导师，研究员，主要从事森林生态和湿地生态等方面的研究. E-mail: liuxiande666@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    林业公益性行业科研专项(201104009－08)；国家自然科学基金项目（31260141）

Variation of Soil Nutrient Content and pH Value under Picea crassifolia Forest in the Pailugou Drainage Basin in the Qilian Mountains

LIU Xian-de1,2 ,ZHAO Wei-jun1,2 ,ZHANG Xue-long2 ,JING Wen-mao2 ,FAN Li-mei1   

  1. (1. College of Forestry, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou 730070,Gansu, China; 2. Gansu Province Academy of Water Resources Conservation Forests in Qilian Mountains, Zhangye 734000, Gansu, China)
  • Received:2012-11-02 Revised:2013-05-02 Published:2013-11-15 Online:2013-12-12

PDF (PC)

844

赞

被引次数

29

摘要： 祁连山北坡中山带森林灰褐土是生长青海云杉的集中地带。选择排露沟流域海拔2 900～3 300 m的青海云杉林为研究对象，每隔100 m海拔梯度设置3个调查样地，研究青海结果表明：① 在海拔梯度上，0~40 cm土层土壤有机质、全氮及全磷平均含量高海拔处高于低海拔，而且高海拔与低海拔差异显著（P<0.05）；土壤全钾和速效钾含量则是高海拔低于低海拔，差异亦显著（P<0.05）；速效磷含量随海拔升高没有明显的变化规律，而且海拔间差异不显著（P<0.05）；土壤pH随海拔的升高不断减小，但是海拔间的差异不显著（P＞0.05）。 ② 在不同土层深度，0~10 cm土层土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、速效磷和速效钾平均含量均大于10~20 cm和20~40 cm土层，而且0~10 cm土层含量显著大于20~40 cm土层（P<0.05）；土壤pH和全钾含量则随土层深度增加，pH在0~10 cm土层与20~40 cm差异显著（P<0.05），但全钾含量在不同土层差异均不显著（P＞0.05）。 ③ 在碳、氮、磷、钾营养元素循环中，土壤pH和土壤有机质是影响青海云杉群落养分供应的首要限制因子。

关键词: 青海云杉林, 海拔梯度, 土壤养分, 排露沟流域, 祁连山

Abstract: Forest graybrown soil is distributed in an area where Picea crassifolia grows in the midmountain zone of northern slope of the Qilian Mountains. In this study, P. crassifolia forests at altitudes of 2 900-3 000 m. in the Pailugou Drainage Basin in the Qilian Mountains were selected as the research objects, and 3 sample plots were designed every 100 m altitude gradient. Soil nutrient content and pH value under P. crassifolia forest at different altitudes and different soil depths were measured, and their relationship were researcehd. The results were as follows: (1) In the altitude gradient, the average contents of organic matter, total nitrogen and total phosphorus in soil layer of 0-40 cm at high altitude were higher than those at low altitude, and the difference was significant （P<0.05）. However, the contents of soil total potassium and available potassium at high altitude was lower than those at low altitude, and the difference was also significant（P<0.05）. There was no obvious change of available phosphorus content with the increase of altitude, and the difference was not significant （P＞0.05）.  Soil pH value was decreased with the increase of altitude, and the difference was not significant neither （P＞0.05）.  (2) In different soil depths, the average contents of organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available phosphorus and available potassium in soil layer of 0-10 cm were higher than those in soil layers of 10-20 cm and 20-40 cm, and those in soil layer of 0-10 cm were significantly higher than those in soil layer of 20-40 cm （P<0.05）.  Soil pH value and total potassium content were increased with the increase of soil depth, the pH value difference between soil layers of 0-10 cm and 20-40 cm was significant （P<0.05）,but the difference of total potassium content among different soil layers was not significant （P＞0.05）.  (3) The correlation analysis of different soil nutrients and pH value revealed that the soil pH value and soil organic matter content were the dominant factors affecting nutrient supply of P. crassifolia  community in cycles of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.

Key words: Picea crassifolia[ forest, altitude gradient, soil nutrient, Pailugou Drainage Basin, Qilian Mountains