干旱区研究

干旱区研究 ›› 2013, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (4): 712-718.

• 气候与气候资源 • 上一篇    下一篇

近50 a中国西北地区东部降水特征

王晖1，隆霄1，马旭林2，刘燕飞1   

  1. （1.兰州大学大气科学学院，甘肃 兰州 730000； 2.南京信息工程大学大气科学学院，江苏 南京 210044）
  • 收稿日期:2012-05-17 修回日期:2012-09-25 出版日期:2013-07-15 发布日期:2013-07-29
  • 作者简介:王晖（1990-），女，研究生，主要从事气候变化及诊断分析、数值模拟研究. E-mail: whmooncool@126.com
  • 基金资助:

    气象行业专项(GYHY201006023)和兰州大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(LZUJBKY-2010-13，LZUJBKY-2012-K04)

Precipitation in the Eastern Part of Northwest China in Recent 50 Years

WANG Hui1,LONG Xiao1,MA Xu-lin2,LIU Yan-fei1   

  1. (1. College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China; 2. College of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, China)
  • Received:2012-05-17 Revised:2012-09-25 Online:2013-07-15 Published:2013-07-29

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被引次数

44

摘要： 利用我国西北地区东部54个气象站1960—2009年的降水资料，采用M-K检验和小波分析方法，对该地区的降水特征进行了分析。结果表明：① 西北地区东部降水量呈微弱下降趋势，1990年后降水减少趋势更为明显，Ⅱ区降水变化趋势较Ⅰ区更加显著；② 该地区降水频次以弱降水和中等强度降水为主，占降水总天数的70%以上，弱降水频次减少趋势显著；③ 中等强度降水和强降水的降水量占全年降水的75%以上，中等降水的降水量呈减少趋势，是造成年降水量减少的主要原因；④ 小波分析结果显示，年降水、中等降水和强降水序列均存在显著的3 a和5 a短周期，其中Ⅰ区和Ⅱ区的中等降水和强降水小波周期在20世纪70年代之后完全不同，中等降水的减少与70年代周期的变长密切相关。

关键词: 降水频率, 降水强度, Mann-Kendall, 小波分析, 西北地区东部

Abstract: Based on the precipitation data observed by 54 meteorological stations in the eastern part of northwest China during the period of 1960-2009, the variation of precipitation in this region was analyzed using the Mann-Kendall test and wavelet analysis. The main results were as follows: (1) Precipitation in the study area was in a slight decrease trend, the precipitation reduction was more obvious after 1990, and the variation of precipitation in area Ⅱwas more significant than that in area I; (2) The precipitation frequency in the study area was dominated by weak and moderate precipitation events, which accounted about 70% of the total precipitation days, and the decrease of weak precipitation frequency was obvious; (3) The proportion of moderate and heavy precipitation accounted for more than 75% of annual precipitation. Decrease of annual precipitation was mainly caused by the decrease of moderate precipitation; (4) The results of wavelet analysis revealed that there were the 3year and 5year fluctuation periodicities of annual, moderate and heavy precipitation, the periodicities of moderate and heavy precipitation in area I were completely different from those in area Ⅱafter the 1970s, and the decrease of moderate precipitation was closely related to the variation of moderate precipitation in the 1970s.

Key words: precipitation frequency, precipitation intensity, Mann-Kendall test, wavelet analysis, eastern part of northwest China