干旱区研究

干旱区研究 ›› 2012, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (4): 692-698.

• 生态与环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

沙漠-黄土过渡带风水复合侵蚀营力特征——以靖边县为例

 杨岩岩1, 刘连友1, 曹恒武2   

  1. 1. 北京师范大学减灾与应急管理研究院，北京　100875； 
    2. 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所，呼伦贝尔草原生态系统国家野外观测研究站,北京　100081
  • 收稿日期:2011-08-01 修回日期:2011-12-23 出版日期:2012-07-15 发布日期:2012-09-11
  • 作者简介:杨岩岩（1988-），女，甘肃陇南人，博士研究生，主要从事水土保持与荒漠化过程研究.E-mail:yanyang@mail.bnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金“沙生植物构型特征抗风蚀机理研究”（41071331）

Wind and Water Erosive Forces in a Desertloess Ecotone—A Case Study in Jingbian County, Shaanxi Province

 YANG  Yan-Yan1, LIU  Lian-You1, CAO  Heng-Wu2   

  1. 1. Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency Management, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; 
    2.  Hulunber Station for Grassland Ecosystem Observation and Research, Institute of Agricultural Resources 
    and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
  • Received:2011-08-01 Revised:2011-12-23 Online:2012-07-15 Published:2012-09-11

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摘要： 以北京师范大学陕西省靖边县榆林风沙科学野外实验站自动气象站2007-2009年的降雨、风速和风向数据为基础，分析沙漠-黄土过渡带风水复合侵蚀营力的特征。结果表明：① 研究区年内降雨量≥12 mm的降雨事件主要分布在5-9月,月平均降雨侵蚀力8月最大，为318.24 MJ·mm/(hm2·h·a)，年平均降雨侵蚀力为510.08 MJ·mm/(hm2·h·a)；② 该区西北风占主导地位，东南风次之，累计频率分别为43.8%和16.21%；起沙风主要集中在3-6月，其频率分别为19.34%、12.34%、20.5%、12.39%；③ 研究区年平均输沙势（DP）、合成输沙势（RDP）分别为228.76 VU、41.73 VU，合成输沙方向（RDD）为141.17°，方向变率指数（RDP/DP）为0.2，起沙风变率较大，属于中等风能环境，沙物质向东南偏南方向输移。

关键词: 降雨, 侵蚀力, 起沙风, 输沙势, 沙漠-黄土过渡带, 靖边县

Abstract: In this study, a case study was carried out to research rainfall erosion, wind regime and resultant sand-transporting potential in Jingbian County located in a desert-loess ecotone in Shaanxi Province during the period from 2007 to 2009. The results are as follows: ① The rainfall events with precipitation ≥12 mm occurred during the period from May to September, the monthly rainfall erosion was the highest in August 〔318.24 MJ·mm/(hm2·h·a)〕, and the average annual rainfall erosion was 510.08 MJ·mm/(hm2·h·a); ② The direction of prevailing wind in the study area was northwest, then southeast, and their cumulative frequencies were 43.8% and 16.21%. The sandraise wind (6-9.9 m/s) occurred mainly during the period from March to June, and the occurring frequencies in these months were 19.34%, 12.34%, 20.5% and 12.39% respectively; ③ The average sand drift potential (DP) and resultant sand drift potential (RDP) were 228.76 VU and 41.73 VU respectively, the RDP/DP of wind direction was 0.2, and the resultant sand drift direction was 114.17°. All these show that the study area is in a moderate wind energy environment, the variability of monthly wind direction was high, and sand was transported southeastward.

Key words: rainfall, rainfall erosion, sand-raise wind, sand drift potential, desert-losses ecotone, Jingbian County