干旱区研究

干旱区研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (10): 1678-1686.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2023.10.14

• 生态与环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

铁路高架桥对局地风动力的影响——以敦格铁路沙山沟为例

薛承杰1,2,3(),张克存1(),安志山1,2,张宏雪1,2,3,潘加朋1,2,3   

  1. 1.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院敦煌戈壁荒漠生态与环境研究站，甘肃 敦煌 736200
    2.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院沙漠与沙漠化重点实验室，甘肃 兰州 730000
    3.中国科学院大学，北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2023-04-01 修回日期:2023-05-08 出版日期:2023-10-15 发布日期:2023-11-01
  • 通讯作者: 张克存. E-mail: kecunzh@lzb.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:薛承杰（1993-），男，博士研究生，主要从事风沙工程研究. E-mail: Xuechengjie2022@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(42171083);甘肃省自然科学基金(22JR5RA066)

Influences of railway viaducts on local wind power: A case study of the Shashangou Bridge used by the Dunge Railway

XUE Chengjie1,2,3(),ZHANG Kecun1(),AN Zhishan1,2,ZHANG Hongxue1,2,3,PAN Jiapeng1,2,3   

  1. 1. Dunhuang Gobi Desert Ecology and Environment Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dunhuang 736200, Gansu, China
    2. Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
    3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
  • Received:2023-04-01 Revised:2023-05-08 Online:2023-10-15 Published:2023-11-01

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摘要：

本文通过野外观测、室内分析计算、CFD数值模拟方法，对敦格铁路沙山沟特大桥东西两侧风动力环境特征进行研究分析。结果表明：（1）沙山沟特大桥东西两侧春夏季起沙风主要以NW和WNW风向为主，秋冬季起沙风向主要以SE、S风为主；沙山沟特大桥西侧全年输沙势为284.19 VU，属于中等风能环境，合成输沙势为27.4 VU，合成输沙风向为124°，方向变率指数为0.10，属于小比率，风向多变。（2）沙山沟特大桥东侧年输沙势为31.24 VU，属于低风能环境，合成输沙势为8.97 VU，合成输沙风向为91°，方向变率指数为0.29，属于中比率；沙山沟特大桥西侧平均风速、起沙风频率、输沙势、合成输沙势较大，应加强高架桥西侧沙害监测与防治；根据高架桥西侧风动力环境特点并结合流动沙丘进行模拟，分析得出桥底架空区域及桥面风速均大于起沙风速，输沙能力较强，不易产生积沙。但随着沙丘的前移，桥底架空区域产生积沙及风沙上轨可能性增大。

关键词: 沙山沟, 风动力环境, 起沙风况, 输沙势, 数值模拟

Abstract:

The dynamic wind environment characteristics on the east and west sides of the Shashangou Bridge used by the Dunge Railway were investigated using field observations, indoor analysis, and CFD numerical simulations. The results show that the sand-driving winds on the east and west sides of Shashangou Bridge were mainly NW and WNW winds in the spring and summer, and SE and S winds in the autumn and winter. The annual sand transport potential on the west side of Shashangou Bridge is 284.19 VU, which indicates a medium wind energy environment. The sand transport potential was determined to be 27.4 VU, and the sand transport with the wind direction was 124°. The directional variability index is 0.10, which indicates a small ratio and variable wind direction. The sediment transport potential on the east side of Shashangou Bridge is 31.24 VU, indicating a low wind energy environment. The results of the sediment transport potential were 8.97 VU, while the results of the sediment transport wind direction were 91°, and the directional variability index was 0.29, indicating a medium ratio. The average wind speed, frequency of sand-driving wind, sand transport potential, and resultant sand transport potential on the west side of Shashangou Bridge were larger, indicating that the monitoring and control of sand damage on the west side of the bridge should be improved. According to the characteristics of the wind dynamic environment on the west side of the bridge when combined with the flowing dune, the numerical simulation analysis results show that the wind speed in the overhead area and bridge deck is greater than the sand-driving wind speed, and the sand transport capacity was strong, indicating that sand accumulation does not readily occur. However, with the advance of sand dunes, the possibility of sand accumulation at the bottom of the bridge and wind sand on the rail increases.

Key words: Shashangou, wind dynamic environment, sand-driving wind regime, sediment transport potential, numerical simulation