干旱区研究

干旱区研究 ›› 2012, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (4): 681-691.

• 气候及气候变化 • 上一篇    下一篇

渭河流域干旱指标空间分布研究

马明卫, 宋松柏   

  1. 西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院，陕西 杨凌 712100
  • 收稿日期:2011-05-12 修回日期:2011-06-20 出版日期:2012-07-15 发布日期:2012-09-11
  • 通讯作者: 宋松柏.E-mail: ssb6533@yahoo.com.cn
  • 作者简介:马明卫（1986 -），男，河南新密人，硕士生，研究方向为流域水文模拟及水文分析新技术.E-mail: ma_mingw@yahoo.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目（50879070，50579065）；西北农林科技大学优秀博士论文基金项目（2005）资助

Study on Spatial Distribution of Drought Indices in the Weihe River Basin

 MA  Ming-Wei, SONG  Song-Bai   

  1. College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
  • Received:2011-05-12 Revised:2011-06-20 Online:2012-07-15 Published:2012-09-11

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被引次数

22

摘要： 基于月降水数据，运用干旱指标研究渭河流域的干旱特征。以西安站为例，详细对比了Z指数与SPI计算结果的一致性和差异；分别采用1、3、6、9、12个月和24个月时间尺度SPI分析了该站历史旱涝状况及持续时间，并探讨了其季节旱涝特征。计算了渭河流域1995年11月不同时间尺度的SPI值，并绘制了相应的空间分布图。结果表明：多时间尺度SPI[WTBZ]能够反映出降水的分散情况，并给出降水量区间与干旱指标的对应关系，是进行旱涝监测和预报的一种有效手段；发生于1995年的渭河全流域干旱具有季节性和多年特征，干旱程度总体上由东南部向西北部递减。

关键词: 干旱, Z指数, 标准化降水指数（SPI）, 干旱指标, 月降水量, 空间分布, 渭河流域

Abstract: In this paper, the drought actuality in the Weihe River Basin was investigated using drought indices based on the monthly precipitation data. A case study was carried out to compare the consistency and difference of the calculated results of Z-index and SPI at Xi’an Meteorological Station. The actuality and duration of historical drought and flood at the station at 1-month, 3-month, 6-month, 9-month, 12-month and 24-month time scales were analyzed, and the seasonal drought and flood features at the station were lucubrated. The SPI values at different time scales in the Weihe River Basin in November 1995 were computed to obtain their spatial distribution. It was found that Z-index was not suitable for describing the features of drought at shorttime scale. The SPI values at multi-time scales can be used to reflect the distribution of precipitation, which is an effective method for monitoring and predicting drought. The results also indicated that severe drought occurred in 1995 in the Weihe River Basin possessed the evident seasonal and multi-year features, and the drought severity decreased holistically from the southeast to the northwest.