干旱区研究

干旱区研究 ›› 2011, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (6): 921-927.

• 气候及其灾害 • 上一篇    下一篇

1421-1950年青海东部农业区旱灾特征及驱动力研究

 胡健1, 赵景波2   

    1. 陕西师范大学 旅游与环境学院，陕西 西安 710062
    2. 中国科学院地球环境研究所  黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室，陕西 西安 710075
  • 收稿日期:2010-11-05 修回日期:2011-06-09 出版日期:2011-11-15 发布日期:2012-01-16
  • 通讯作者: 赵景波. E-mail：zhaojb@snnu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:胡健（1986-），男，青海乐都人，硕士研究生，主要从事环境评价与治理研究. E-mail：jonathan04@126.com
  • 基金资助:

    教育部人文社会科学基地项目（05JJD770014）；国家自然科学基金项目（40571004）

Study on Drought Disasters and Their Driving Forces in the Agricultural Regions of East Qinghai Province during the Period of 1421-1950

 HU  Jian1, ZHAO  Jing-Bo2   

    1. College of Tourism and Environment, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China
    2. State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710075, China
  • Received:2010-11-05 Revised:2011-06-09 Online:2011-11-15 Published:2012-01-16

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被引次数

6

摘要： 通过对相关历史文献的整理、统计和分析，研究1421-1950年青海东部农业区干旱灾害的等级序列、阶段性和周期性特征以及驱动力因子。结果表明：1421-1950年青海东部农业区共发生旱灾152次，平均3.5年发生1次。其中，轻旱64次，中旱63次，重旱20次，特旱5次，分别占旱灾总数的42.11%，41.45%，13.16%和3.29%。旱灾发生有5个高频阶段和3个低频阶段，1481-1499年、1711-1721年、1758-1780年、1861-1900年和1921-1940年是旱灾发生频率较高时段，平均1.55年发生1次旱灾；1421-1480年、1541-1600年和1781-1830年是旱灾发生频率较低的时段，平均8.1年发生1次旱灾，且均处于气候相对温暖期。小波分析显示，青海东部农业区的旱灾等级存在50~58年、25~32年、10~15年的年代际较长周期和3~5年的年际短周期。青海东部农业区旱灾的发生是气候变化、降水量时空分布不均和人为因素共同作用的结果，其中，气候因子起决定性作用，农垦开荒和战争等人为因素造成的环境破坏也对旱灾的发生起到了重要作用。

关键词: 干旱灾害, 旱灾等级, 旱灾周期, 农业区, 青海

Abstract: In this paper, the characteristics of drought disasters and their driving forces in the agricultural regions of east Qinghai Province during the period from 1421 to 1950 were researched after collecting and analyzing the relevant historical documents. The results show that 152 drought disasters occurred in the agricultural regions of east Qinghai Province during the period from 1421 to 1950, including 64 slight drought disasters, 63 moderate drought disasters, 20 serious drought disasters and 5 extremely serious drought disasters, they accounted for 42.11%, 41.45%, 13.16% and 3.29% of the total respectively, and drought disaster occurred once every 3.5 years. There were 5 highfrequency periods of occurring drought disasters (1481-1499, 1711-1721, 1758-1780, 1861-1900 and 1921-1940), and drought disaster occurred once every 1.55 years; there were also 3 lowfrequency periods (1421-1480, 1781-1830 and 1541-1600), and drought disaster occurred once every 8.1years. Wavelet analysis shows that there were the 50-58, 25-32 and 10-15year longterm periods of drought grades in the agricultural regions of east Qinghai, and there was also a 3-5year shortterm period. Drought occurrence in the agricultural regions of east Qinghai was the joint result of climate change, uneven spatiotemporal distribution of precipitation and human activities, especially the effects of climatic factors, and then those of human factors, such as land reclamation and wars.

Key words: drought disaster, drought grade, drought period, agricultural region, Qinghai Province

中图分类号: 

  • S423