浑善达克沙地榆种子扩散及成苗影响因素分析

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以浑善达克沙地榆为研究对象,以种子扩散规律及成苗率为主要研究内容,采用样线法调查了平沙地、沙丘迎风坡、丘间草地、稀疏灌木地、灌木地5种不同地表类型下沙地榆种子数量。分析种子分布数量与母树距离、地表状况、植被种类、盖度和高度及成苗率与土壤含水率的关系。结果证明:影响种子分布数量的主要因子是母树的距离,其他因子对沙地榆种子分布没有显著影响。影响种子萌发成苗的主要因子是6～8月的降水量以及由此导致的沙层含水率,其他因子影响不显著。

关键词: 沙地, 沙地榆(Ulmus pumila var. sabulosa), 种子, 扩散, 幼苗, 浑善达克, 内蒙古

Abstract: In this study, the seed dispersal pattern and seedling survival rate of Ulmus pumila var. sabulosa in the Otindag Sandy Land in Inner Mongolia were researched, the seed-dropping quantity of U. pumila var. sabulosa on 5 kinds of land surface including the flat sandy land, windward slope of sand dune, inter-dune lawn, sparse shruberry land and shruberry land was investigated using transect method, and the relationships between the distribution quantity of U. pumila var. sabulosa seeds and the distance from mothertree, surface conditions, vegetation types, coverage and height, and soil moisture content were analyzed. The results show that the distance from mothertree was the main factor affecting seed dispersal, and the effect of other factors was not significant. Precipitation and soil moisture content during the period from June to August were the main factors affecting seed germination and seedling survival rate, and the effect of other factors was not significant.

Key words: Sandy Land, Ulmus pumila var. sabulosa, seed, dispersal, seedling, Otindag, Inner Mongolia

中图分类号:

Q948.1

王雪, 胡春元, 李钢铁, 左合君. 浑善达克沙地榆种子扩散及成苗影响因素分析[J]. 干旱区研究, 2011, 28(3): 542-547.

WANG Xue, HU Chun-yuan, LI Gang-tie, ZUO He-jun. Analysis on the Factors Affecting Seed Dispersal and Seedling Survival Rate of Ulmus pumila var. sabulosa in the Otindag Sandy Land[J]. , 2011, 28(3): 542-547.

参考文献

[1] 刘果厚,贾宝丽.沙地榆遗传多样性的研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2003,17(5):123-127.[Liu Guohou,Jia Baoli.The research of the genetic diversity of Ulmus pumila[J].Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment,2003,17(5):123-127.]

[2] 李钢铁,姚云峰,张德英.科尔沁沙地疏林草原植被恢复技术体系[J].内蒙古农业大学学报,2005,26(3):1-6.[Li Gangtie,Yao Yunfeng,Zhang Deying.The technique system of restore the grassland vegetation in Keerqin sandy land [J].Journal of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,2005,26(3):1-6.]

[3] 李钢铁.科尔沁沙地疏林草原植被恢复机理研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2004. [Li Gangtie.The Research of Restore the Grassland Vegetation in Keerqin Sandy Land[D].Hohhot:Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,2004.]

[4] 齐明聪.森林种苗学[M].哈尔滨:东北林业大学出版社,1992.[Qi Mingcong. Forest Seedling[M].Haerbing:Northeast Forestry University Press,1992.]

[5] 李钢铁,姚云峰,邹受益,等.科尔沁沙地榆树疏林草原植被研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2004,18(6):132-138.[Li Gangtie,Yao Yunfeng,Zou Shouyi,et al.The research of the grassland vegetation in Keerqin sandy land [J].Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment,2004,18(6):132-138.]

[6] 阎伟,李万宝.兰旗榆:一个在干旱草原区很有发展潜力的造林树种[J].内蒙古林学院学报,1997,19(1):32-35.[Yan Wei,Li Wanbao.Ulmus pumila:The afforestation potential tree species in the arid prairie area [J].Journal of Inner Mongolia Forestry College,1997,19(1):32-35.]

[7] 石瑞,翟洪江.浑善达克沙地荒漠化形势及治理对策[J].内蒙古统计,2000,3(1):54-55.[Shi Rui,Zhai Hongjiang.The situation of desertification in Hunshandake sandy land and its management countermeasure [J].Inner Mongolia Statistics,2000,3(1):54-55.]

[8] 何永涛,李文华,郎海鸥.黄土高原降水资源特征与林木适宜度研究[J].干旱区研究,2009,26(3):406-412.[He Yongtao,Li Wenhua,Lang Haiou.Study on the characteristics of precipitation resources and the afforestation suitability in the Loess Plateau[J].Arid Zone Research,2009,26(3):406-412.]

[9] 李钢铁,姚云峰,邹受益,等.科尔沁沙地榆树疏林草原及其封育更新研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2004,18(4):152-157.[Li Gangtie,Yao Yunfeng,Zou Shouyi,et al.The research of Ulmus pumila open forest prairie and natural sand enclosure of Keerqin sandy land [J].Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment,2004,18(4),152-157.]

[10] 李青丰,胡春元,王明玖.浑善达克地区生态环境劣化原因分析及治理对策[J].干旱区资源与环境,2001,15(3):9-16.[Li Qingfeng,Hu Chunyuan,Wang Mingjiu.The reason of entironment degradation in Hunshandake sandy land and its management countermeasure [J].Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment,2001,15(3):9-16.]

[11] 王牧兰,包玉海,银山.浑善达克沙地动态变化影响因素分析[J].干旱区资源与环境,2004,18(9):44-47.[Wang Mulan,Bao Yuhai,Yin Shan.The research of dynamic variation influences in Hunshandake sandy land[J].Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment,2004,18(9):44-47.]

[12] 吴新宏. 浑善达克沙地植被迅速恢复[M].呼和浩特:内蒙古大学出版社,2003:2-7.[Wu Xinhong.Vegetation Quickly Recovers in Hunshandake Sandy Land[M].Hohhot:Inner-Mongolian University Press,2003:2-7.]

[13] 陈有君,关世英,李绍良,等.内蒙古浑善达克沙地土壤水分状况的分析[J].干旱区资源与环境,2000,14(1):80-85.[Chen Youjun,Guan Shiying,Li Shaoliang,et al.Analysis of soil water regime in Hunshandake sandy land Inner Mongolia [J].Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment,2000,14(1):80-85.]

[14] 李红丽.浑善达克沙地沙漠化过程及其植被恢复的基础研究:以正蓝旗为例[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2003:1-116.[Li Hongli.Desertification in Hunshandake Sandy Land and the Basis Research of Vegetation Recovery:Taking an Example of Zhenglan County[D].Hohhot:Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 2003:1-116.]

[15] 郭柯,刘海江.浑善达克沙地四种生境中榆树天然更新幼苗发育的比较[J].生态学报,2004,24(9):2 024-2 028.[Guo Ke,Liu Haijiang. The comparing Ulmus pumila nature seeding development in four habitats in Hunshandake sandy land [J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2004,24(9):2 024-2 028.]

[16] 俞海生,李宝军,张宝文,等.浑善达克沙地土地类型及其治理[J].内蒙古林业科技,2003,29(增刊):30-33.[Yu Haisheng,Li Baojun,Zhang Baowen,et al.Land types in Hunshandake sandy land and its controls[J].Inner Mongolia Forestry Science and Technology,2003,29(Suppl.):30-33.]

[17] 罗亚勇,赵学勇,左小安,等.放牧与封育对沙质草地植被特征及其空间变异性的影响[J].干旱区研究,2008,25(1):118-124.[Luo Yayong,Zhao Xueyong,Zuo Xia[o'an,et al.Effects of livestock grazing and enclosure on vegetation and its spatial variability in Horqin sandy steppe,Inner Mongolia,China [J].Arid Zone Research,2008,25(1):118-124.]

[18] 王志强,朝伦巴根,柴建华.浑善达克沙地人工植被覆盖下土壤蒸发的模拟研究[J].中国生态农业学报,2007,15(6):44-47.[Wang Zhiqiang,Zhaolunbagen,Chai Jianhua.The research of soil evaporation simulation study under the artificial vegetation in Hunshandake sandy land[J].Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture,2007,15(6):44-47.]

[19] Kirby B,Santelmann P W.Germination and emergence of winged elm seed[J].Weeds,Weed Science Society of America,1964,10(4):277-279.

[20] 阿拉木萨,蒋德明,李雪华,等.科尔沁沙地典型人工植被区土壤水分动态研究[J].干旱区研究,2007,24(5):604-609.[Alamusa,Jiang Deming,Li Xuehua,et al.Study on the dynamic change typical plantations of soil moisture content in some in Keerqin sand land[J].Arid Zone Research,2007,24(5):604-609.]

[21] 赵娜,胡春元,李刚铁,等.浑善达克沙地中部地区沙地榆分布密度与土壤养分状况关系的研究[J].现代农业,2009,7(2):61-64.[Zhao Na,Hu Chunyuan,Li Gangtie,et al.The relationship of Ulmus pumila distribution and nutrients status of the soils in Hunshandake sand land[J].Modern Agriculture,2009,7(2):61-64.]

[22] 赵娜.浑善达克沙地榆分布与地面因素关系的研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2009.[Zhao Na.The Investigation about Relationship bwtween Ulmus pumila Distributing and Ground Equation in Hunshandake Sandy Land[D].Hohhot:Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,2009.]

[23] 刘慧佳.水分胁迫下白榆幼苗的生理形态反应[D].长春:东北师范大学,2006.[Liu Huijia.Physiological and Morphological Responses of Ulmus pumila Seedlings to Water Stress[D].Changchun: Northeast Normal University,2006.]

[24] 王庆所,张玉发,罗菊香,等.人为干扰对浑善达克沙地东部森林-草原交错带的影响及其恢复治理的生态对策[J].自然资源学报,1999,14(1):28-34.[Wang Qingsuo,Zhang Yufa,Luo Juxiang,et al.The influence of man-made interference to the forest of the north Hunshandake sandy land:The forest-steppe ecotone and the bionomic strategy recovering and controling[J].Journal of Natural Resources,1999,14(1):28-34.