干旱区研究

干旱区研究 ›› 2011, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (3): 384-388.

• 土壤及土壤改良 • 上一篇    下一篇

两种化学改良剂对盐渍化土壤作用机制及对棉花生长的影响

张江辉1,2, 白云岗1,3, 张胜江1,2, 曹伟1   

  1. 1. 新疆水利水电科学研究院, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830049;
    2. 新疆农业节水工程技术研究中心, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830049;
    3. 新疆农业大学水利与土木工程学院, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830052
  • 收稿日期:2010-04-07 修回日期:2010-07-09 出版日期:2011-06-25 发布日期:2011-09-06
  • 作者简介:张江辉(1963-),男,陕西兴平人,研究员,主要从事农业水土工程的研究及技术推广工作.E-mail:skyzjh@tom.com
  • 基金资助:

    新疆科技攻关项目"新疆北疆土壤盐渍化现状评价及玛纳斯河流域盐碱地改良研究与示范"(200633131);新疆科技重大专项"灌区盐渍化土壤改良技术集成与盐土农业建设示范"(200733144-1);国家科技支撑项目北方渠灌区节水改造技术集成与示范(2006BAD11B09-1)

Effect of Two Kinds of Soil Ameliorant on Saline Soil Improvement and Cotton Growth

ZHANG Jiang-hui1,2, BAI Yun-gang1,3, ZHANG Sheng-jiang1,2, CAO Wei1   

  1. 1. Xinjiang Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Urumqi 830049, China;
    2. Xinjiang Engineering and Technology Research Center for Water-saving Irrigation in Agriculture, Urumqi 830049, China;
    3. College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
  • Received:2010-04-07 Revised:2010-07-09 Published:2011-06-25 Online:2011-09-06

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被引次数

28

摘要： 通过对膜下滴灌棉田施加旱地龙和禾康两种土壤改良剂,研究两种不同化学改良剂对改良盐碱地的应用效果及对棉花生长与产量的影响,为盐碱地改良提供理论依据。结果表明:在滴灌棉田施用旱地龙和禾康后,土体含盐量呈下降趋势,脱盐率分别为30.3%和17.7%,而对照区脱盐率仅为10.4%;借助钠吸附比概念对土壤阳离子组成进行分析,旱地龙减少土壤中有害离子最多,对照次之,禾康最小;同时施加改良剂可增加棉花产量,每公顷分别增产21.1%和17.8%,净增收2 491.5元和1 371.0元。

关键词: 干旱区, 盐渍土, 土壤改良剂, 钠吸附比, 脱盐率, 棉花产量

Abstract: Soil salinization has been the main obstacle for agricultural development in arid area. It has been a focus how to improve saline or alkaline soil. In this paper, the experiments of different ameliorants named Handilong and Hekang under different irrigation ways were carried out to test their respective effects on soil improvement, cotton growth and cotton yield. The experiments show that, after applying the ameliorants, the soil sallinity in cotton field under drip irrigation was decreased, the desalinizalion ratios were 30.3% and 17.7% respectively, but the desalinizalion ratio was only 10.4% in the contrast field; the analysis on soil Na+ composition by means of sodium adsorption ratio reveals that Handilong was the most effective in reducing detrimental ion Na+ in soil. Compared with the contrast group, the cotton plant growth including cotton height, density, number of fruit-bearing shoots, buds and bolls as well as their weight was significantly improved after applying Handilong and Hekang, the unginned cotton yields per hectare were as high as 3 549.0 kg and 3 451.5 kg and increased by 618 kg (21.1%) and 522 kg (17.8%), and the incomes per hectare were increased by 2 491.5 and 1 371.0 yuan RMB, respectively.

Key words: arid area, saline soil, ameliorant, sodium adsorption ratio, desalinizalion ratio, cotton yield

中图分类号: 

  • S156.2