持续干旱下天山野生杏幼苗渗透调节物质的累积特性

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以新疆伊犁地区的4类野生杏(野生甜仁杏1号、野生甜仁杏2号,野生苦仁杏1号、野生苦仁杏2号)为材料,研究其在干旱胁迫下渗透调节物质的积累特性。对二年生天山野杏苗进行持续80 d的田间自然干旱处理过程中,每隔20 d取样分析土壤相对含水量(SRWC)及叶片相对含水量(LRWC),Na⁺,K⁺和可溶性蛋白质、可溶性糖以及脯氨酸(Pro)等有机渗透调节物质含量。结果表明:浇水后第20 d,15～20 cm土层SRWC下降到轻度胁迫(54%)时,除野生甜仁杏2号LRWC之外,其余3种类型均维持在80%以上的水平。这时除野生苦仁杏1号K⁺含量有所下降外,其余3种类型K⁺含量均开始上升。到第60～80 d SRWC降至中度和极度干旱(47%～18%)时,所有4种类型野生杏均积累Na⁺为渗透调节物质。而对有机渗透调节物质而言,野生杏受轻度至中度干旱胁迫时积累可溶性蛋白质,此时可溶性蛋白质的积累能力可能与其抗旱性有关,当胁迫进一步加重时,以可溶性糖为渗透调节物质。最终受极度干旱胁迫时Pro含量剧增,低LRWC者其Pro含量高,而且其含量为微克级,远低于其他渗透调节物质。因此认为,Pro不参与野生杏干旱胁迫时的渗透调节,Pro含量的剧增是植物合成蛋白质的速率低于其降解速率以及细胞受损的结果。

关键词: 天山野生杏, 干旱胁迫, 可溶性蛋白质, 可溶性糖, 伊犁, 新疆

Abstract: In this paper, the osmotic regulation characteristics of 4 types of Armeniaca vulgaris seedlings under 80-day drought stress were studied. Drought stress treatment was applied to test the osmotic regulation characteristics of biennial seedlings of Armeniaca vulgaris f. aurantica L., Wang et D. F. Cui and Armeniaca vulgaris f. glyeyosma L., Wang et D. F. Cui, and the relative soil moisture content at depth of 15-20 cm, relative water content in leaves of A. vulgaris and the contents of Na⁺, K⁺, soluble protein, soluble sugar and proline were measured every 20 days. The results show that the relative soil moisture content at depth of 15-20 cm was decreased to slight drought stress (54%) after the seedlings were irrigated for 20 days, the relative water content in leaves was maintained higher than 80% except that in leaves of sweet kernel No.2. Under slight drought stress, K⁺ accumulation occurred in leaves of most wild apricots. Na⁺ accumulation occurred in leaves of all four types of wild apricot seedlings when the relative soil moisture content was decreased to the severe drought stress (47%-18%) after the seedlings were irrigated for 40-80 days. Soluble protein was relatively sensitive to drought stress, it was accumulated under slight to moderate drought stress, and such accumulation was possibly related to the drought-resistant capability of seedlings. Soluble sugar was also accumulated when drought stress was severer. Proline content was sharply increased under severe drought stress after the seedlings were irrigated for 60 days, but it was too low to contribute to osmotic regulation under hyperosmotic conditions, which suggests that the Proline accumulation is a symptom that the cells were injured under such drought stress.

Key words: wild apricot, drought stress, soluble protein, soluble sugar, Ili valley, Xinjiang

中图分类号:

Q945.78

海利力·库尔班, 王蕾, 阿卜杜许库尔·牙合甫, 萨拉木·艾尼瓦尔. 持续干旱下天山野生杏幼苗渗透调节物质的累积特性[J]. 干旱区研究, 2011, 28(1): 126-132.

Kurban Halil, WANG Lei, Yakup Abduxukur, Anwar Salam. Osmolyte Accumulation of Armeniaca vulgaris under Continuous Drought Stress[J]. , 2011, 28(1): 126-132.

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