高寒湿地生态系统水分利用效率研究

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2018.02.07

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 高寒湿地生态系统水分利用效率的研究,有助于明晰高寒地区碳水耦合程度和优化水资源管理。基于涡度相关系统,研究分析了2015年和2016年生长季青海湖高寒湿地生态系统水分利用效率的变化特征和主要环境因子对其的影响。结果表明:生态系统各月水分利用效率日变化都呈先减小后增大的趋势,且生长季中期大于前期和后期的水分利用效率。生态系统水分利用效率季节变化呈生长季中期高,初期和后期低。2015年和2016年总体水分利用效率分别为5.42 g·kg^-1和4.65 g·kg^-1。与环境因子的分析表明,生态系统水分利用效率与温度、叶面积指数、月降水量和土壤体积含水量相关性显著,而与光合有效辐射和饱和水汽压差的相关性较差。

关键词: 高寒湿地, 水分利用效率, 蒸散, 总初级生产力, 涡度相关, 青海湖

Abstract: As the largest lake in China,the Qinghai Lake is located in the northeast Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and a critical transitional zone where the Asian Summer Monsoon and the Westerlies meet. The lake basin belongs to a sensitive area to global climate change and is a typically fragile ecosystem.In recent years,the wetland environment around the lake is being degenerated under the influence of natural factors and unreasonable human activities.The research on water use efficiency of alpine wetlands is helpful to clarify the degree of carbon-water coupling in alpine regions and to optimize water resources management.In this study,the changes of water use efficiency and the influence of the main environmental factors on the alpine wetlands in the two growing seasons in 2015 and 2016 were analyzed based on the eddy covariance system.The results showed that the daily variation of water use efficiency decreased at first and then increased,and the water use efficiency at the mid-stage of growing season was higher than that in the early and later stages.The seasonal variation of water use efficiency at the mid-stage of growing season was higher than that at the beginning and end of growing season,the cumulative GPPs in growth season in 2015 and 2016 were 2.69 kg·m^-2 and 2.17 kg·m^-2,the ETs were 496.60 kg·m^-2 and 466.80 kg·m^-2,and the overall water use efficiency were 5.42 g·kg^-1 and 4.65 g·kg^-1,respectively.The analyzed results of water use efficiency and environmental factors showed that the water use efficiency of ecosystem was significantly correlated with temperature,leaf area index,monthly precipitation and soil volume moisture content,but was poorly correlated with photosynthetically active radiation and vapor pressure deficit.

Key words: alpine wetland, water use efficiency, evapotranspiration, gross primary productivity, eddy covariance, Qinghai Lake

吴方涛, 曹生奎, 曹广超, 汉光昭, 林阳阳, 成淑艳. 高寒湿地生态系统水分利用效率研究[J]. 干旱区研究, 2018, 35(2): 306-314.

WU Fang-tao, CAO Sheng-kui, CAO Guang-chao, HAN Guang-zhao, LIN Yang-yang, CHENG Shu-yan. Water use Efficiency of Alpine Wetland Ecosystem[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2018, 35(2): 306-314.

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