1991—2020年新疆中小湖泊面积变化时空特征及趋势分析

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2024.06.01

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

湖泊作为陆地生态系统中的关键组成部分，是区域经济发展和生态安全的重要保障。本研究分析了1991—2020年间新疆地区74个中小湖泊的面积动态，对不同海拔和地理特征的湖泊进行了综合分析。研究发现，1991—2020年间，新疆湖泊总面积从167.98 km²增加至400.51 km²，尤以山区湖泊面积增长最为显著。月度尺度分析山区湖泊面积变化具有明显的季节性特征。统计分析显示，新疆不同海拔的湖泊对气候变化的响应各异。新疆山区湖泊面积显著扩大，主要受气候变化的影响，尤其是年均温度上升。在平原湖泊区域，人类活动（特别是灌溉）是湖泊面积变化的主要驱动因素，而气候因素的影响则相对较小。

关键词: 中小湖泊, 面积变化, 遥感监测, 新疆

Abstract:

Lakes, as integral components of the terrestrial ecosystems, are vital for regional economic growth and ecological security. Previous studies have primarily focused on typical or large lakes in the Xinjiang region, with comparatively less attention given to smaller lakes. This study analyzed the area dynamics of 74 small and medium-sized lakes in Xinjiang from 1991 to 2020, conducting a comprehensive analysis of the lakes at varying altitudes and with diverse geographical characteristics. The research uncovered that during 1991-2020, the total area of lakes in Xinjiang expanded from 167.98 to 400.51 km², with the most significant growth observed in the mountainous lakes. Monthly scale analysis revealed pronounced seasonal characteristics in the area-changes of these mountainous lakes. Statistical analysis indicated divergent responses of lakes at varying altitudes to climatic changes. The substantial enlargement of lakes in Xinjiang’s mountainous regions is primarily attributed to climate change, particularly the rise in average annual temperatures. In the plains, human activities, especially irrigation, were identified as the primary drivers of lake-area changes, while the impact of climatic factors was relatively minor.

Key words: small to medium-sized lakes, surface area changes, remote sensing, Xinjiang

马元植, 覃小林, 凌红波, 闫俊杰, 张广朋. 1991—2020年新疆中小湖泊面积变化时空特征及趋势分析[J]. 干旱区研究, 2024, 41(6): 905-916.

MA Yuanzhi, QIN Xiaolin, LING Hongbo, YAN Junjie, ZHANG Guangpeng. Spatio-temporal characteristics and trends of area changes in the small and medium-sized lakes in Xinjiang, China, from 1991 to 2020[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2024, 41(6): 905-916.

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