敦煌月牙泉域地下水系统水文地球化学特征分析

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2024.02.07

干旱区研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (2): 240-249.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2024.02.07 cstr: 32277.14.j.azr.2024.02.07

敦煌月牙泉域地下水系统水文地球化学特征分析

李平平¹(), 盖楠²(), 王晓丹³, 杨俊仓¹

1.甘肃省地下水工程及地热资源重点实验室，甘肃省地质环境监测院，甘肃兰州 730050
2.国家地质实验测试中心，自然资源部生态地球化学重点实验室，北京 100037
3.甘肃省地质矿产勘查开发局水文地质工程地质勘察院，甘肃张掖 734000

收稿日期:2023-08-24 修回日期:2023-12-04 出版日期:2024-02-15 发布日期:2024-03-11
作者简介:李平平（1990-），男，水工环地质高级工程师，主要从事水文水资源调查评价. E-mail: Xiaopingcumt@163.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划课题(2019YFC1805105);甘肃省地下水工程及地热资源重点实验室开放基金项目(201902)

Analysis of the hydrogeochemical characteristics of the groundwater system in Dunhuang Crescent Lake

LI Pingping¹(), GAI Nan²(), WANG Xiaodan³, YANG Juncang¹

1. Gansu Province Key Laboratory of Groundwater Engineering and Geothermal Resources, Geological Environment Monitoring Institute of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu, China
2. National Research Center for Geoanalysis, Key Laboratory of Ecological Geochemistry, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100037, China
3. Institute of Hydrologic and Engineering Geologic Survey, Gansu Province Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development, Zhangye 734000, Gansu, China

Received:2023-08-24 Revised:2023-12-04 Published:2024-02-15 Online:2024-03-11

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

选择河西走廊西端的月牙泉域作为研究对象，通过样品采集测试，对研究区内的水化学特征、环境同位素和水文地球化学过程进行了系统分析。结果表明：大气降雨（包括冰川融水）形成的出山河水是区内潜水的主要补给来源，二者存在密切的成因联系，局部地区受断裂构造或越流影响并受祁连山前深部地下径流侧向补给；党河灌区地下水的蒸发作用微弱，以人工开采为主要排泄方式，其他浅层地下水以蒸发为主要排泄项；地下水化学成分的演化受到碳酸和硅酸盐岩溶滤作用的影响；岩盐、石膏和硅酸盐岩的溶解作用、方解石和白云岩的沉淀作用以及蒸发作用是控制地下水盐分的主要因素，且在流域水循环过程中存在不同程度的混合作用。研究结果可为月牙泉生态保护与恢复提供科学依据。

关键词: 敦煌月牙泉, 地下水系统, 水化学特征, 环境同位素

Abstract:

This study focuses on the Crescent Spring Area at the western end of the Hexi Corridor. Through sample collection experiments, the research systematically analyzed hydrochemical characteristics, environmental isotopes, and hydrogeochemical processes within the study area. The results indicate that mountain water, originating from atmospheric rainfall and glacial meltwater, is the primary source replenishing the diving pool in the area, with a close causal link between the two. Additionally, the local area is affected by the fault structure or cross-flow and receives lateral replenishment from the deep underground runoff in front of the Qilian Mountains. The evaporation effect of groundwater in the Danghe irrigation area is weak, primarily discharging through artificial mining. Other groundwater burial areas mainly discharge through evaporation and transpiration. The chemical composition of groundwater is influenced by the karst filtration involving carbonate and silicate. Key factors controlling groundwater salinity include the dissolution of rock salt, gypsum, and partite rocks, as well as the precipitation of calcite and dolomite, along with evaporation. Various degrees of mixing occur during the water cycle in the basin. Overall, these research findings provide a scientific basis for the ecological protection and restoration of Crescent Lake.

Key words: Crescent Lake, groundwater systems, water chemical characteristics, environmental isotopes

李平平, 盖楠, 王晓丹, 杨俊仓. 敦煌月牙泉域地下水系统水文地球化学特征分析[J]. 干旱区研究, 2024, 41(2): 240-249.

LI Pingping, GAI Nan, WANG Xiaodan, YANG Juncang. Analysis of the hydrogeochemical characteristics of the groundwater system in Dunhuang Crescent Lake[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2024, 41(2): 240-249.

图/表 9

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敦煌月牙泉域地下水系统水文地球化学特征分析

Analysis of the hydrogeochemical characteristics of the groundwater system in Dunhuang Crescent Lake

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