荒漠草原自然和人工植被土壤养分及氮循环功能基因丰度特征研究

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2024.12.05

干旱区研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (12): 2027-2034.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2024.12.05 cstr: 32277.14.AZR.20241205

荒漠草原自然和人工植被土壤养分及氮循环功能基因丰度特征研究

温淼¹(), 冒辛平¹^,²^,³, 杨捷钧¹, 孙嘉忆¹, 吴旭东⁴, 韩凤朋¹^,⁵()

1.西北农林科技大学资源环境学院，陕西杨凌 712100
2.宁夏农林科学院农业资源与环境研究所，宁夏银川 750002
3.国家农业环境银川观测实验站，宁夏银川 750002
4.宁夏农林科学院林业与草地生态研究所，宁夏银川 750002
5.中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所，水利部水土保持生态工程技术研究中心，陕西杨凌 712100

收稿日期:2024-05-02 修回日期:2024-08-12 出版日期:2024-12-15 发布日期:2024-12-20
通讯作者: 韩凤朋. E-mail: hanxiangzi007@163.com
作者简介:温淼（2000-），女，硕士研究生，主要从事土壤环境化学方向研究. E-mail: wenmiao2000@nwafu.edu.cn
基金资助:
宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目（重点）课题(2022BBF02033);宁夏自然科学基金项目(2023AAC03436);第五批宁夏青年科技人才托举工程

Abundance characteristics of soil nutrients and nitrogen cycle functional genes in the natural and artificial vegetation of desert grasslands

WEN Miao¹(), MAO Xinping¹^,²^,³, YANG Jiejun¹, SUN Jiayi¹, WU Xudong⁴, HAN Fengpeng¹^,⁵()

1. College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
2. Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, Ningxia, China
3. National Observation and Experiment Station of Agricultural Environment, Yinchuan 750002, Ningxia, China
4. Institute of Forestry and Grassland Ecology, Ningxia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, Ningxia, China
5. Research Center on Soil & Water Conservation, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China

Received:2024-05-02 Revised:2024-08-12 Published:2024-12-15 Online:2024-12-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以7种荒漠草原适生物种为对象，通过野外采样和室内分析的方法，对荒漠草原区自然和人工植被土壤养分及其与氮循环之间的关系进行分析，结果表明：（1）猪毛菜和柠条养分含量较高，对养分具有固定作用，有利于研究区域养分含量恢复；同时显著提高根际土壤bac、AOA、AOB、nirS、nirk、nifH、nosZ基因丰度。（2） nifH基因丰度与土壤养分之间存在显著相关性。（3）研究区域土壤生态恢复受碳氮元素的共同作用，需调整施肥结构，改善土壤环境。自然植被猪毛菜和人工植被柠条在土壤养分固定和氮循环功能基因丰度上均优于其他植被，更适合在研究区域种植，这一结果也为压砂地生态修复植物的筛选具有参考意义。

关键词: 荒漠草原, 植被恢复, 土壤理化性质, 氮循环, 功能基因

Abstract:

In this study, we examined seven species suited to desert grasslands and analyzed the relationship between soil nutrients and nitrogen cycling in natural and artificial vegetation through field sampling and laboratory analysis. The results showed the following: (1) Salsola collina and Caragana korshinskii howed high nutrient content, which had a fixed effect on nutrients and was conducive to the restoration of nutrient content within the study area. Additionally, these species significantly increased the abundance of bac, AOA, AOB, nirS, nirK, nifH, and nosZ genes in the rhizosphere soil. (2) The abundance of the nifH gene was significantly correlated with soil nutrient levels. (3) The ecological restoration of soil in the study area is influenced by the combined effects of carbon and nitrogen, necessitating adjustments to the fertilization structure and improvements to the soil environment in the future. Overall, natural vegetation, such as Salsola collina, and artificial vegetation, such as Caragana korshinskii, outperformed other species in soil nutrient fixation and nitrogen cycling functional gene abundance, making them ideal for restoration in the study area. These findings provides valuable insights for selecting plant species in future ecological restoration of gravel-sand-mulched fields.

Key words: desert grassland, vegetation restoration, soil physical and chemical properties, nitrogen cycle, functional gene

温淼, 冒辛平, 杨捷钧, 孙嘉忆, 吴旭东, 韩凤朋. 荒漠草原自然和人工植被土壤养分及氮循环功能基因丰度特征研究[J]. 干旱区研究, 2024, 41(12): 2027-2034.

WEN Miao, MAO Xinping, YANG Jiejun, SUN Jiayi, WU Xudong, HAN Fengpeng. Abundance characteristics of soil nutrients and nitrogen cycle functional genes in the natural and artificial vegetation of desert grasslands[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2024, 41(12): 2027-2034.

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物种	科属	株高	基径	冠幅
猪毛菜Salsola collina	苋科猪毛菜属	35 cm	7 mm	28 cm
芒草Miscanthus sinensis	禾本科芒属	60 cm	8 mm	45 cm
芨芨草Achnatherum splendens	禾本科芨芨草属	1.5 m	5 mm	55 cm
柠条Caragana korshinskii	豆科锦鸡儿属	0.6 m	6 mm	75 cm
枣树Ziziphus jujuba	鼠李科枣属	2.5 m	10 cm	2 m
旱柳Salix matsudana	杨柳科柳属	5 m	20 cm	4 m
胡枝子Lespedeza bicolor	豆科胡枝子属	55 cm	3 cm	40 cm

环境因子	功能基因
环境因子	AOA	nosZ	AOB	bac	nifH	nirK	nirS
根际土壤
有机碳	0.449^*	0.341	-0.248	0.480^*	0.555^**	0.312	0.333
速效磷	0.064	0.067	-0.135	0.180	0.478^*	0.081	0.107
硝态氮	0.186	0.194	-0.091	0.27	0.483^*	0.222	0.222
铵态氮	0.232	0.227	-0.061	0.334	0.484^*	0.255	0.269
非根际土壤
有机碳	0.200	0.137	0.122	0.448^*	-0.468^*	0.045	0.136
速效磷	-0.094	-0.257	-0.242	0.198	-0.411	-0.229	-0.205
硝态氮	-0.298	-0.431^*	-0.386	-0.043	-0.500^*	-0.409^*	-0.411^*
铵态氮	-0.181	-0.307	-0.252	-0.089	-0.599^**	-0.353	-0.288

荒漠草原自然和人工植被土壤养分及氮循环功能基因丰度特征研究

Abundance characteristics of soil nutrients and nitrogen cycle functional genes in the natural and artificial vegetation of desert grasslands

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