5种盐生植物生物炭产率及其理化性质

干旱区研究 ›› 2019, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (6): 1494-1501.

5种盐生植物生物炭产率及其理化性质

毛明月^1,2，赵振勇¹，王守乐^1,2，田长彦¹，张科¹，宫江平³，张正³，荆卫民¹

1. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室，新疆乌鲁木齐830011； 2. 中国科学院大学，北京100049； 3. 克拉玛依市建筑规划设计（院）有限公司，新疆克拉玛依834000

收稿日期:2018-12-19 修回日期:2019-06-10 出版日期:2019-11-15 发布日期:2019-11-15
通讯作者: 田长彦
作者简介:毛明月（1991-），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为盐生植物开发与利用. E-mail：maomingyue0324@163.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划课题（2016YFC0501403）；克拉玛依市科技局项目（SK2016-05）；新疆油田公司科技项目“碳汇林基地盐碱地种植改良技术试验与推广”；荒漠植物在城市景观中的应用推广（2017HM002B）资助

Biochar Yield and Physicochemical Properties of Five Halophyte Species

MAO Ming-yue^{1, 2}, ZHAO Zhen-yong¹, WANG Shou-le^{1, 2}, TIAN Chang-yan¹, ZHANG Ke¹, GONG Jiang-ping³, ZHANG Zheng³, JING Wei-min¹

1. State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, China;
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
3. Karamay City Architecture Planning and Design (Institution) Co. Ltd, Karamay 834000, Xinjiang, China

Received:2018-12-19 Revised:2019-06-10 Online:2019-11-15 Published:2019-11-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了解不同盐生植物的生物炭特性的种间差异，特选用盐地碱蓬（Suaeda salsa）、盐角草（Salicornia europaea）、高碱蓬（Suaeda altissima）、野榆钱菠菜（Atripex aucheri）、盐穗木（Halostachys caspica）5种黎科盐生植物为研究对象，于500 ℃温度下炭化制备生物炭，通过理化性质分析，并结合主成分分析来探讨盐生植物原材料对生物炭特性差异的影响。结果表明：生物炭的产率受盐生植物原材料灰分含量影响。此外，生物炭灰分、养分及阳离子含量受盐生植物原材料物质成分的影响。炭化能显著增加生物质灰分含量，5种生物炭灰分含量与原材料相比增加了67.23%~169.32%，同时伴随着灰分增加，水溶性Na⁺、K⁺等低价离子富集，pH、电导率（EC）增大，碱性增强。本研究为盐生植物生物炭在改良酸性土壤、炭化原材料选择等方面提供基础数据及理论参考。

关键词: 盐生植物, 生物炭, 产率, 灰分, 理化性质

Abstract: The purposes of this research was to figure out the difference of biochar yield and physicochemical properties among five halophyte species, i.e. the Suaeda salsa, Salicornia europaea, Suaeda altissima, Atriplex aucheri and Halostachys caspica under 500 ℃ carbonization condition. The results showed that the biochar yield was positively correlated with the ash content of raw material, but negatively correlated with the lignin content of raw material (P<0.01). There was a significant correlation between the raw material and the biochar in ash content and total carbon content (P<0.01). In addition, the contents of elements in the raw materials determined the amount of elemental content in biochar. Noticeably, carbonization increased effectively the ash content in five halophyte species, it was increased by 132.45% in S. salsa, 91.62% in S. europaea, 121.79% in S. altissima, 169.24% in A. aucheri and 67.22% in H. caspica, respectively. Besides，the amount of sodium and potassium ions abstracted by distilled water was increased with the increase of ash content. Moreover, carbonization could effectively increase the pH (70.76%-82.33%) and EC (68.19%-144.96%) values of halophyte species. This study could be referred in researching the biochar yield and improving acidic soil by the biochar of halophytes.

Key words: halophyte; biochar, yield, ash, physicochemical property

毛明月, 赵振勇, 王守乐, 田长彦, 张科, 宫江平, 张正, 荆卫民. 5种盐生植物生物炭产率及其理化性质[J]. 干旱区研究, 2019, 36(6): 1494-1501.

MAO Ming-yue, ZHAO Zhen-yong, WANG Shou-le, TIAN Chang-yan, ZHANG Ke, GONG Jiang-ping, ZHANG Zheng, JING Wei-min. Biochar Yield and Physicochemical Properties of Five Halophyte Species[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2019, 36(6): 1494-1501.

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