基于生态绿当量的玛纳斯河流域土地利用生态效益研究

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2016.05.12

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于生态绿当量原理及方法,设计不同土地覆被类型的生态服务功能评分标准,构建生态绿当量计算模型,通过计算玛纳斯河流域土地利用类型的面积变化,测算典型年份土地利用类型变化的当量分值,并依此构建生态效益评价模型。结果表明:近37 a研究区各土地利用类型生态当量面积净增加150.71 km²,呈小幅波动增量变化趋势。其中,增量最大的是农田、水域,分别增加456.63 km²和181.7 km²,约占2013年当量面积的29.25%和77.32%;减量最大的是天然牧草地、未利用地、荒草地,分别减少129.12 km²、132.98 km²和230.36 km²,约占2013年当量面积的29.48%、11.32%和17.49%,人类土地经营总体上增加了景观的生态效益,但土地垦殖和草地退化处于脆弱的平衡状态。

关键词: 绿当量, 土地利用, 生态效益, 玛纳斯河流域, 新疆

Abstract: Based on the principles and methods of ecological green equivalent, firstly, the scores of ecological service functions of different land use/cover types were designed. Secondly, the equivalent values of land use change were estimated. On which an assessment model was framed to assess the eco-efficiency of land use in the Manas River Basin. The results showed that the net enlargement of ecological equivalent area was 150.71 km² in the Manas River Basin in recent 30 years, and there was an enlargement trend in a slight fluctuation way. The enlarged areas of farmland and waters were the largest, they were 456.63 km² and 181.7 km² accounted for 29.25% and 77.32% of the equivalent area in 2013, respectively. The reduction of natural grassland, unused land and wasteland was obvious, and their equivalent areas were reduced by 129.12 km², 132.98 km² and 230.36 km² and accounted for 29.48%, 11.32% and 17.49% of the equivalent area in 2013, respectively. The eco-efficiency of landscape was increased by land management, but the land reclamation and grassland degradation resulted in a fragile balance.

Key words: green equivalent, land use, eco-efficiency, the Manas River Basin, Xinjiang

胡蒙蒙, 张军民, 徐丽萍, 唐湘玲, 王玲. 基于生态绿当量的玛纳斯河流域土地利用生态效益研究[J]. 干旱区研究, 2016, 33(5): 996-1002.

HU Meng-meng, ZHANG Jun-min, XU Li-ping, TANG Xiang-ling, WANG Ling. Eco-efficiency of Land Use Based on Ecological Green Equivalent in the Manas River Basin[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2016, 33(5): 996-1002.

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