干旱对中国北方草原总初级生产力影响的时滞和累积效应

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2023.10.11

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

近年来随着全球变暖，干旱事件的增加对植被的光合作用产生更加重要的影响，同时也严重影响了陆地生态系统的平衡。本文基于标准化降水蒸散指数(SPEI base v.2.7)和总初级生产力数据集（GOSIF GPP）研究了干旱对中国北方草原GPP的累积和时滞效应，利用Sen’s斜率、Mann-Kendall(MK)趋势检验、Mann-Kendall突变检验研究了GPP和SPEI在研究期内的时空变化，利用Pearson相关分析方法探究了干旱对北方草原GPP的累积和时滞效应。结果表明：（1）2001—2020年期间北方草原多年平均GPP呈现东北地区高、西南地区低的空间分布格局，多年平均SPEI呈现东北地区低、西南地区高的空间分布格局，且SPEI和GPP的年平均值都随时间变化呈现上升趋势。（2）干旱对北方草原84.99%的区域有累积效应，最长累积时间尺度主要集中在3~4个月，覆盖北方草原的39.82%；干旱对北方草原63.11%的区域有滞后效应，且主要发生在7个月，覆盖北方草原的19.73%。（3）通过对比不同水分条件下二者的变化趋势，发现干旱对草原GPP的累积效应强于时滞效应。

关键词: 中国北方草原, 干旱, 总初级生产力, 时滞效应, 累积效应

Abstract:

In recent years, with global warming, the increase of drought events has a more important impact on the photosynthesis of vegetation, and also seriously affects the balance of terrestrial ecosystems. Based on SPEI base v.2.7 and GOSIF GPP data set, this paper studies the cumulative and time-delay effects of drought on GPP in northern grassland. Sen’s slope test, MK trend test and Mann-Kendall mutation test were used to study the temporal and spatial changes of GPP and SPEI during the study period. Pearson correlation analysis method was used to explore the cumulative and time-delay effects of drought on GPP in the north grasslands. The results showed that: (1) From 2001 to 2020, the annual average GPP of the northern grasslands showed a spatial distribution pattern of high in the northeast and low in the southwest, and the annual average SPEI showed a spatial distribution pattern of low in the northeast and high in the southwest, and the annual average of SPEI and GPP showed an upward trend over time. (2) Drought has a cumulative effect on 84.99% of the northern grassland, and the longest cumulative time scale is mainly concentrated in 3-4 months, covering 39.82% of the northern grassland; Drought had a lagging effect on 63.11% of the northern grassland, and mainly occurred in 7 months, covering 19.73% of the northern grasslands. (3) By comparing the variation trends of drought and drought under different water conditions, we found that the cumulative effect of drought on grassland GPP was stronger than the time-lag effect.

Key words: grasslands of northern China, drought, gross primary productivity, time-lag effect, cumulative effect

乌日娜, 刘步云, 包玉海. 干旱对中国北方草原总初级生产力影响的时滞和累积效应[J]. 干旱区研究, 2023, 40(10): 1644-1660.

WU Rina, LIU Buyun, BAO Yuhai. Time lag and cumulative effect of drought on gross primary productivity in the grasslands of northern China[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2023, 40(10): 1644-1660.

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干旱水平	SPEI值
极端干旱	SPEI≤-2.0
严重干旱	-2.0<SPEI≤-1.5
中度干旱	-1.5<SPEI≤-1.0
轻微干旱	-1.0<SPEI≤-0.5
湿润	SPEI>-0.5