干旱区研究

干旱区研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (9): 1369-1381.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2023.09.01

• 天气与气候 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于FY-4A QPE的中亚五国降水时空分布特征

陈爱军1,2,3(),张寅,楚志刚1,2,3   

  1. 1.南京信息工程大学，气象灾害教育部重点实验室，江苏 南京 210044
    2.南京信息工程大学，中国气象局气溶胶与云降水重点开放实验室，江苏 南京 210044
    3.南京信息工程大学，大气物理学院，江苏 南京 210044
  • 收稿日期:2023-02-28 修回日期:2023-04-18 出版日期:2023-09-15 发布日期:2023-09-28
  • 作者简介:陈爱军（1972-），男，副教授，主要从事气象卫星资料处理与应用研究. E-mail: chenaijun@nuist.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(41871238)

Spatiotemporal distribution of precipitation in five Central Asian countries based on FY-4A quantitative precipitation estimates

CHEN Aijun1,2,3(),Yin 1,2,3   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, China
    2. China Meteorological Administration Aerosol-Cloud and Precipitation Key Laboratory, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, China
    3. School of Atmospheric Physics, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, China
  • Received:2023-02-28 Revised:2023-04-18 Online:2023-09-15 Published:2023-09-28

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摘要：

FY-4A定量降水估计产品（Quantitative Precipitation Estimation, QPE）为深入研究中亚五国降水的时空分布特征提供了数据源。本文首先采用全球降水观测（Global Precipitation Measurement, GPM）多星集成降水终级产品IMERG-F（Integrated Multi-satellite Retrievals for GPM Final run）评估FY-4A QPE，然后利用FY-4A QPE分析中亚五国的降水特点及时空分布特征，结果表明：（1） FY-4A QPE能够精细地反映中亚五国降水的空间分布差异，降水估计结果比较合理且与IMERG-F的时序变化具有较好的一致性。（2） 中亚五国年平均降水量的空间分布差异大，且与海拔高度有关，高海拔地区的年平均降水量超过500 mm，但面积占比不足10%；低海拔地区的年平均降水量不足350 mm，但面积占比却超过90%。（3） 中亚五国降水的空间分布有明显的季节性，夏季降水范围最广，平均降水量超过50 mm；秋季平均降水量最小，绝大部分地区平均降水量不足40 mm。吉尔吉斯斯坦和塔吉克斯坦四季降水相对充足，部分区域季节平均降水量超过480 mm；哈萨克斯坦中西部、乌兹别克斯坦中西部和土库曼斯坦北部季节平均降水量不足40 mm。（4） 根据月平均降水量超过40 mm区域的聚集度，中亚五国月平均降水的空间分布可以大致分为点状离散分布型、干旱型、半干半湿型和三明治型四种分布形态。（5） 中亚五国夏季降水多发区的逐小时平均降水量具有“准三小时”周期性日变化特征，午后至前半夜是降水多发时段之一，降水类型以小雨为主，其次是少量的中雨。

关键词: FY-4A, 定量降水估计, 中亚, 时空分布特征

Abstract:

The FY-4A Quantitative Precipitation Estimation (QPE) product is crucial for comprehensive research on precipitation patterns and spatiotemporal distribution across Central Asian (CA) countries. In this study, FY-4A QPE data quality was evaluated using the Integrated Multi-satellite Retrievals for Global Precipitation Measurement Final run (IMERG-F), and the precipitation characteristics and spatiotemporal distribution over five CA countries were subsequently examined. The main findings were as follows. (1) FY-4A QPE accurately reflected precipitation spatial disparities across the CA countries, aligning well with the temporal changes of IMERG-F. (2) Annual average precipitation (AAP) exhibited substantial spatial variation over the CA countries in relation to altitude. High-altitude regions exceeded 500 mm AAP, encompassing <10% of the area, whereas low-altitude areas experienced <350 mm AAP, accounting for >90% of the region. (3) Precipitation distribution exhibited pronounced seasonality across the five CA countries. Summer exhibited the widest precipitation range, averaging >50 mm. Conversely, the autumn average, typically <40 mm, was the lowest. Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan experienced sufficient precipitation year-round, with some areas showing an average >480 mm. However, central and western Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and northern Turkmenistan received <40 mm. (4) According to clustering of areas with a monthly average precipitation exceeding 40 mm, the five CA countries were classified into four spatial distribution types: point discrete, drought, semi-dry and semi-wet, and sandwich. (5) In summer across the five CA countries, areas with elevated precipitation density displayed a near 3-hour cyclic daily variation. Notably, one of these periods occurred from noon to the first half of the night. Furthermore, the predominant precipitation type was light rain, with a minor occurrence of moderate rain.

Key words: Fenyun-4A, quantitative precipitation estimation (QPE), Central Asian, spatiotemporal distribution characteristics