伊犁河谷西北部地下水化学特征及成因分析

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2021.02.22

干旱区研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (2): 504-512.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2021.02.22

伊犁河谷西北部地下水化学特征及成因分析

艾力哈木·艾克拉木^1,^2,³(),周金龙^1,^2,³(),张杰^1,^2,³,魏兴^1,^2,³,余东^1,^2,³,陈劲松^1,^2,³

1.新疆农业大学水利与土木工程学院,新疆乌鲁木齐 830052
2.新疆水文水资源工程技术研究中心,新疆乌鲁木齐 830052
3.新疆水利工程安全与水灾害防治重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐 830052

收稿日期:2020-04-13 修回日期:2020-11-13 出版日期:2021-03-15 发布日期:2021-04-25
通讯作者: 周金龙
作者简介:艾力哈木·艾克拉木（1993-）,男,硕士研究生,主要从事地下水水质演化研究. E-mail:2744192261@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(41662016);第三次新疆地下水资源调查与评价项目资助(2008-2009)

Chemical characteristics and genesis analysis of groundwater in northwest Yili River Valley

Ailihamu Aikelamu^1,^2,³(),ZHOU Jinlong^1,^2,³(),ZHANG Jie^1,^2,³,WEI Xing^1,^2,³,YU Dong^1,^2,³,CHEN Jinsong^1,^2,³

1. College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, Xinjiang, China
2. Xinjiang Hydrology and Water Resources Engineering Center, Urumqi 830052, Xinjiang, China
3. Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Security and Water Disasters Prevention, Urumqi 830052, Xinjiang, China

Received:2020-04-13 Revised:2020-11-13 Online:2021-03-15 Published:2021-04-25
Contact: Jinlong ZHOU

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究新疆伊犁河谷西北部地下水化学特征及成因,运用数理统计以及Piper三线图、Gibbs图、离子比图等方法,对2018年伊犁河谷西北部地下水取样监测数据进行分析。结果表明：（1）研究区地下水属于总硬度偏高的弱碱性水,地下水化学组分含量整体变异性不大,主要阳离子为Ca²⁺,主要阴离子为HCO₃^-。（2）地下水水化学类型以HCO₃-Ca、HCO₃·SO₄-Ca、HCO₃·SO₄-Ca·Mg、HCO₃·SO₄-Ca·Na和HCO₃-Ca·Mg型为主。（3）研究区地下水化学组分主要受岩石溶滤作用控制,蒸发-浓缩作用及阳离子交换作用对地下水化学组分有一定的贡献,个别地下水水样点可能受到人为活动的影响。（4）地下水中的Na⁺、Cl^-和SO₄^2-主要来自岩盐、石膏等蒸发岩的溶解,Ca²⁺和Mg²⁺主要来自方解石、白云石和石膏等矿物溶解。

关键词: 伊犁河谷西北部, 地下水, 化学特征, Gibbs图, 离子比, 新疆

Abstract:

：To analyze groundwater genesis and chemical characteristics in Yili River Valley, Xinjiang China, we used descriptive statistical analysis, trilinear chart by Piper, Gibbs diagrams, ion ratio diagrams, and saturation index methods to systematically analyze 35 groundwater samples collected from June to October 2018. Groundwater in the study area is weakly alkaline, with a high total hardness level. The chemical components in groundwater showed little variation throughout the study area; Ca²⁺ was the main cation, and HCO₃^- the main anion. The hydrochemical characteristics in the study area can be divided into five groundwater types, HCO₃-Ca, HCO₃·SO₄-Ca, HCO₃·SO₄-Ca·Mg, HCO₃·SO₄-Ca·Na, and HCO₃-Ca·Mg. Although rock lixiviation is the main contributor to groundwater chemical composition, evaporation-concentration and cation exchange also contribute to the chemical composition of groundwater in the study area. Moreover, some groundwater samples might be affected by human activities. Na⁺, Cl^-, and SO₄^2- in groundwater are present due to the dissolution of rock salt, gypsum, and other evaporates; the dissolution of minerals such as calcite, dolomite, and gypsum contributes to Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ in groundwater.

Key words: northwest area of Yili River Valley, groundwater, hydrochemical characteristics, Gibbs diagram, ion ratio diagram, Xinjiang

艾力哈木·艾克拉木,周金龙,张杰,魏兴,余东,陈劲松. 伊犁河谷西北部地下水化学特征及成因分析[J]. 干旱区研究, 2021, 38(2): 504-512.

Ailihamu Aikelamu,ZHOU Jinlong,ZHANG Jie,WEI Xing,YU Dong,CHEN Jinsong. Chemical characteristics and genesis analysis of groundwater in northwest Yili River Valley[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2021, 38(2): 504-512.

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项目	K⁺	Na⁺	K⁺+Na⁺	Ca²⁺	Mg²⁺	Cl^-	SO₄^2-	HCO₃^-	pH	总硬度	TDS	NO₃^-
最大值	9.01	247.01	251.76	248.89	179.35	267.01	1109.24	523.17	8.10	2920.00	2318.92	26.52
最小值	0.87	3.03	4.10	26.11	6.43	2.82	26.50	60.76	6.90	151.00	111.00	0.84
平均值	2.77	42.43	45.20	79.15	31.32	43.47	154.57	235.32	7.66	604.07	448.73	10.19
中位数	2.35	27.95	31.94	63.78	24.30	35.98	117.77	214.81	7.78	435.00	320.02	3.11
标准差	1.79	45.20	46.14	44.96	30.73	48.83	183.57	103.81	0.37	494.74	387.65	10.42
变异系数	0.65	1.06	1.02	0.57	0.98	1.12	1.19	0.44	0.05	0.82	0.86	1.02

地下水类型	SI值	文石	方解石	白云石	石膏	岩盐	地下水类型	SI值	文石	方解石	白云石	石膏	岩盐
	最大值	0.71	0.86	1.41	-0.51	-5.84		最大值	0.75	0.90	1.74	-1.27	-6.62
	最小值	-0.68	-0.54	-1.28	-2.30	-9.09		最小值	-0.10	0.05	-0.30	-2.25	-9.42
承压水	平均值	0.16	0.31	0.45	-1.57	-7.60	潜水	平均值	0.17	0.32	0.39	-1.71	-7.98
	SI>0占比/%	77.5	82.0	82.0	0.0	0.0		SI>0占比/%	69.6	100.0	62.0	0.0	0.0
	SI<0占比/%	22.5	18.0	18.0	100.0	100.0		SI<0占比/%	30.4	0.0	38.0	100.0	100.0

伊犁河谷西北部地下水化学特征及成因分析

Chemical characteristics and genesis analysis of groundwater in northwest Yili River Valley

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