Arid Zone Research ›› 2024, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (12): 2094-2109.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2024.12.11
• Plant Ecology • Previous Articles Next Articles
WU Mingjiang1(), QIU Juan2, ZHENG Feng1, LING Xiaobo1, WANG Xinyu1, YANG Yang1, YANG Jiaxin1, LIU Liqiang1()
Received:
2024-07-09
Revised:
2024-08-30
Online:
2024-12-15
Published:
2024-12-20
Contact:
LIU Liqiang
E-mail:17854560591@163.com;llq9989@126.com
WU Mingjiang, QIU Juan, ZHENG Feng, LING Xiaobo, WANG Xinyu, YANG Yang, YANG Jiaxin, LIU Liqiang. Study on shrub species diversity and niche of wild fruit forest in Xinjiang[J].Arid Zone Research, 2024, 41(12): 2094-2109.
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Tab. 1
Overview of plot information"
野果林居群 | 生境 | 编号 | 经度 | 纬度 | 海拔/m | 坡度/(°) | 坡向 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
交吾托海JWTH | 林下LX | LX-1 | 83°36′25.71″E | 43°22′35.49″N | 1473.7 | 26 | 西北322° |
LX-2 | 83°33′56.12″E | 43°22′24.41″N | 1440.5 | 20 | 西北322° | ||
LX-3 | 83°33′48.59″E | 43°22′17.69″N | 1459.8 | 17 | 西北318° | ||
林窗LC | LC-1 | 83°36′21.73″E | 43°22′37.14″N | 1446.7 | 20 | 北34° | |
LC-2 | 83°36′25.22″E | 43°22′33.83″N | 1490.1 | 22 | 北20° | ||
LC-3 | 83°35′50.52″E | 43°22′40.52″N | 1395.2 | 15 | 北13° | ||
空地KD | KD-1 | 83°36′20.90″E | 43°22′35.92″N | 1446.0 | 24 | 北345° | |
KD-2 | 83°36′03.07″E | 43°22′37.76″N | 1420.7 | 16 | 北355° | ||
KD-3 | 83°34′58.76″E | 43°22′36.76″N | 1392.1 | 15 | 东北25° | ||
杏花沟XHG | 林下LX | LX-1 | 83°26′14.58″E | 43°32′24.99″N | 1138.0 | 31 | 东北54° |
LX-2 | 83°26′04.13″E | 43°32′56.92″N | 1326.5 | 29 | 东南154° | ||
LX-3 | 83°26′18.58″E | 43°23′45.05″N | 1243.1 | 20 | 西南213° | ||
林窗LC | LC-1 | 83°26′04.30″E | 43°32′59.22″N | 1352.0 | 35 | 东107° | |
LC-2 | 83°26′19.21″E | 43°32′36.39″N | 1138.5 | 8 | 东108° | ||
LC-3 | 83°25′57.22″E | 43°33′13.23″N | 1568.5 | 42 | 东74° | ||
空地KD | KD-1 | 83°26′22.25″E | 43°32′50.53″N | 1291.5 | 22 | 南154° | |
KD-2 | 83°26′21.93″E | 43°32′54.09″N | 1253.2 | 34 | 北307° | ||
KD-3 | 83°25′56.84″E | 43°33′10.84″N | 1535.0 | 37 | 东南138° | ||
莫乎尔MHE | 林下LX | LX-1 | 82°43′13.77″E | 43°12′09.82″N | 1369.7 | 15 | 东81° |
LX-2 | 82°43′33.43″E | 43°12′08.87″N | 1317.1 | 28 | 西北296° | ||
LX-3 | 82°44′19.49″E | 43°14′03.57″N | 1261.0 | 23 | 北22° | ||
林窗LC | LC-1 | 82°43′33.19″E | 43°12′08.28″N | 1315.1 | 26 | 西南243° | |
LC-2 | 82°44′09.85″E | 43°14′02.99″N | 1322.5 | 15 | 西南234° | ||
LC-3 | 82°45′16.93″E | 43°13′20.79″N | 1242.2 | 25 | 东北57° | ||
空地KD | KD-1 | 82°43′13.33″E | 43°12′29.28″N | 1325.4 | 21 | 东83° | |
KD-2 | 82°43′39.12″E | 43°14′15.33″N | 1330.2 | 16 | 东北25° | ||
KD-3 | 82°45′25.44″E | 43°13′87.20″N | 1306.2 | 24 | 东北36° | ||
大西沟DXG | 林下LX | LX-1 | 80°46′49.10″E | 44°26′12.75″N | 1230.2 | 19 | 南182° |
LX-2 | 82°45′17.19″E | 44°25′50.41″N | 1160.1 | 26 | 南153° | ||
LX-3 | 80°46′19.63″E | 44.26°39.90′″N | 1253.9 | 27 | 西南205° | ||
林窗LC | LC-1 | 80°46′99.66″E | 44°26′13.06″N | 1243.1 | 21 | 南180° | |
LC-2 | 80°46′38.51″E | 44°25′56.95″N | 1171.3 | 22 | 南183° | ||
LC-3 | 80°46′42.35″E | 44°25′55.13″N | 1166.9 | 22 | 西南211° | ||
空地KD | KD-1 | 80°46′38.19″E | 44°25′51.66″N | 1187.6 | 29 | 东102° | |
KD-2 | 80°46′36.23″E | 44°25′49.46″N | 1202.2 | 34 | 东96° | ||
KD-3 | 80°47′35.33″E | 44°26′01.10″N | 1246.0 | 24 | 东南119° |
Tab. 3
The areal-types of shrub family in wild fruit forest"
区系组 | 类型及变型 | 科数 | 占比/% |
---|---|---|---|
世界分布 | 1. 世界广布 | 8科(毛茛科Ranunculaceae、虎耳草科Saxifragaceae、蔷薇科Rosaceae、豆科Leguminosae、鼠李科Rhamnaceae、白花丹科Plumbaginaceae、蓼科Polygonaceae、茄科Solanaceae) | 44.44 |
热带成分 | 2. 泛热带(热带广布) | 2科(卫矛科Celastraceae、蒺藜科Zygophyllaceae) | 11.11 |
(6d)南非(主要是好望角) | 1科(杜鹃花科Ericaceae) | 5.56 | |
温带成分 | 8. 北温带广布 | 1科(忍冬科Caprifoliaceae) | 5.56 |
8-4. 北温带和南温带间断分布 | 3科(杨柳科Salicaceae、槭树科Aceraceae、胡颓子科Elaeagnaceae) | 16.66 | |
8-5. 欧亚和南美洲温带间断 | 2科(麻黄科Ephedraceae、小檗科Berberidaceae) | 11.11 | |
10. 旧世界温带 | 1科(柽柳科Tamaricaceae) | 5.56 | |
合计 | - | 18科 | 100.00 |
Tab. 4
The areal-types of shrub genera in wild fruit forest"
区系组 | 类型及变型 | 属数 | 占比/% |
---|---|---|---|
世界分布 | 1. 世界分布 | 3属(铁线莲属Clematis、悬钩子属Rubus、鼠李属Rhamnus) | 11.54 |
温带成分 | 8. 北温带分布 | 6属(山楂属Crataegus、蔷薇属Rosa、花楸属Sorbus、绣线菊属Spiraea、忍冬属Lonicera、荚蒾属Viburnum) | 23.08 |
8-2. 北极-高山 | 1属(北极果属Arctous) | 3.85 | |
8-4. 北温带和南温带间断(泛温带) | 7属(李属Prunus、柳属Salix、茶藨子属Ribes、卫矛属Euonymus、槭属Acer、萹蓄属Polygonum、枸杞属Lycium) | 26.90 | |
8-5. 欧亚和南温带间断 | 2属(小檗属Berberis、麻黄属Ephedra) | 7.69 | |
10. 旧世界温带分布 | 3属(栒子属Cotoneaster、水柏枝属Myricaria、沙棘属Hippophae) | 11.54 | |
10-1. 地中海、西亚(或中亚)和东亚间断 | 1属(木蓼属Atraphaxis) | 3.85 | |
11. 温带亚洲分布 | 1属(锦鸡儿属Caragana) | 3.85 | |
12-3. 地中海至温带-亚热带、大洋洲和南美洲间断 | 1属(白刺属Nitraria) | 3.85 | |
13. 中亚分布 | 1属(伊犁花属Ikonnikovia) | 3.85 | |
合计 | - | 26属 | 100.00 |
Tab. 5
Important value of shrub species in each population of wild fruit forest"
物种 | 交吾托海JWTH | 杏花沟XHG | 莫乎尔MHE | 大西沟DXG | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
林下LX | 林窗LC | 空地KD | 居群 | 林下LX | 林窗LC | 空地KD | 居群 | 林下LX | 林窗LC | 空地KD | 居群 | 林下LX | 林窗LC | 空地KD | 居群 | ||||
黑果小檗Berberis atrocarpa | 11.28 | 6.00 | 11.32 | 28.60 | - | - | - | - | 14.05 | 16.73 | 10.19 | 40.97 | 9.66 | 7.29 | 4.54 | 21.49 | |||
小叶忍冬Lonicera microphylla | 5.87 | 10.56 | 3.53 | 19.96 | 8.93 | 3.23 | 10.71 | 22.88 | - | - | 2.03 | 2.03 | 1.73 | 0.66 | 1.85 | 4.24 | |||
矮小忍冬Lonicera humilis | - | 18.65 | 3.49 | 22.14 | 4.71 | 2.97 | 3.51 | 11.19 | 1.25 | - | 1.79 | 3.04 | - | - | - | - | |||
新疆忍冬Lonicera tatarica | - | - | - | - | - | - | 5.79 | 5.79 | 1.89 | 1.23 | 12.32 | 15.44 | 2.57 | - | 1.41 | 3.98 | |||
弯刺蔷薇Rosa beggeriana | - | 2.59 | 16.70 | 20.23 | - | - | - | - | 4.90 | 4.70 | 3.53 | 13.13 | 0.91 | 1.20 | - | 2.11 | |||
疏花蔷薇Rosa laxa | - | - | 3.54 | 2.59 | 3.42 | - | - | 3.42 | 5.10 | 2.64 | - | 7.74 | 2.06 | 2.36 | 1.43 | 5.85 | |||
密刺蔷薇Rosa spinosissima | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1.05 | 1.05 | - | - | 1.92 | 1.92 | |||
宽刺蔷薇Rosa platyacantha | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.66 | - | 0.66 | |||
腺毛蔷薇Rosa fedtschenkoana | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1.37 | - | - | 1.37 | - | - | - | - | |||
樱桃李Prunus cerasifera | 6.48 | - | - | 6.48 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1.19 | 2.75 | 3.94 | |||
准噶尔栒子Cotoneaster soongoricus | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1.81 | 1.74 | 1.09 | 4.62 | 1.30 | 1.13 | 0.94 | 3.37 | |||
水栒子Cotoneaster multiflorus | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1.58 | - | - | 1.58 | 0.70 | - | 0.67 | 1.37 | |||
药鼠李Rhamnus cathartica | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 3.13 | 2.26 | - | 5.39 | |||
天山樱桃Prunus tianshanica | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1.21 | 5.41 | 6.62 | |||
金丝桃叶绣线菊Spiraea hypericifolia | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1.42 | 1.07 | 2.50 | 3.65 | 8.57 | 17.65 | 29.88 | |||
黄刺条Caragana frutex | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2.23 | 2.77 | 4.18 | 9.18 | |||
沙棘Hippophae rhamnoides | - | - | - | - | - | 26.52 | 26.52 | 53.04 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||
欧洲木莓Rubus caesius | - | - | - | - | - | 3.68 | - | 3.68 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||
铁线莲Clematis florida | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 4.01 | - | 2.52 | 6.53 | - | - | - | - | |||
和值 | 23.63 | 37.80 | 38.57 | 100.00 | 17.06 | 36.40 | 46.54 | 100.00 | 35.95 | 28.46 | 35.59 | 100.00 | 27.95 | 29.30 | 42.75 | 100.00 |
Tab. 6
Shrub niche breadth of four wild fruit forest communities"
野果林居群 | 交吾托海JWTH | 杏花沟XHG | 莫乎尔MHE | 大西沟DXG | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
黑果小檗Berberis atrocarpa | 4.57 | 1.63 | - | - | 5.32 | 1.83 | 6.81 | 2.01 | |||
小叶忍冬Lonicera microphylla | 2.78 | 1.06 | 3.10 | 1.24 | 1.00 | 0.00 | 4.17 | 1.59 | |||
矮小忍冬Lonicera humilis | 1.09 | 0.18 | 2.33 | 0.96 | 1.80 | 0.64 | - | - | |||
新疆忍冬Lonicera tatarica | - | - | 1.00 | 0.00 | 1.40 | 0.54 | 3.85 | 1.47 | |||
弯刺蔷薇Rosa beggeriana | 2.45 | 0.99 | 2.47 | 1.24 | 5.05 | 1.69 | |||||
疏花蔷薇Rosa laxa | 1.00 | 0.00 | 1.00 | 0.00 | 2.35 | 1.01 | 5.05 | 1.69 | |||
密刺蔷薇Rosa spinosissima | - | - | - | - | 1.00 | 0.00 | 1.00 | 0.00 | |||
宽刺蔷薇Rosa platyacantha | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1.00 | 0.00 | |||
腺毛蔷薇Rosa fedtschenkoana | - | - | - | - | 1.00 | 0.00 | - | - | |||
樱桃李Prunus cerasifera | 1.80 | 0.64 | - | - | - | - | 4.8 | 1.59 | |||
准噶尔栒子Cotoneaster soongoricus | - | - | - | - | 2.33 | 0.96 | 4.26 | 1.52 | |||
水栒子Cotoneaster multiflorus | - | - | - | - | 1.00 | 0.00 | 1.6 | 0.56 | |||
药鼠李Rhamnus cathartica | - | - | - | - | - | - | 3.05 | 1.28 | |||
天山樱桃Prunus tianshanica | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2.84 | 1.29 | |||
金丝桃叶绣线菊Spiraea hypericifolia | - | - | - | - | 1.60 | 0.56 | 6.79 | 2.03 | |||
黄刺条Caragana frutex | - | - | - | - | - | - | 3.91 | 1.76 | |||
沙棘Hippophae rhamnoides | - | - | 2.00 | 0.69 | - | - | - | - | |||
欧洲木莓Rubus caesius | - | - | 1.00 | 0.00 | - | - | - | - | |||
铁线莲Clematis florida | - | - | - | - | 4.45 | 1.55 | - | - | |||
平均 | 2.28 | 0.75 | 1.74 | 0.48 | 2.14 | 0.69 | 3.71 | 1.28 |
Tab. 7
Shrub niche overlap index of JWTH wild fruit forest community"
物种 | 黑果小檗 Berberis atrocarpa | 小叶忍冬 Lonicera microphylla | 矮小忍冬 Lonicera humilis | 弯刺蔷薇 Rosa beggeriana | 疏花蔷薇 Rosa laxa |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
小叶忍冬Lonicera microphylla | 0.22 | ||||
矮小忍冬Lonicera humilis | 0.52 | 0.02 | |||
弯刺蔷薇Rosa beggeriana | 0.26 | 0.00 | 0.43 | ||
疏花蔷薇Rosa laxa | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.86 | |
樱桃李Prunus cerasifera | 0.37 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
Tab. 8
Shrub niche overlap index of XHG wild fruit forest community"
物种 | 小叶忍冬 Lonicera microphylla | 矮小忍冬 Lonicera humilis | 新疆忍冬 Lonicera tatarica | 疏花蔷薇 Rosa laxa | 沙棘 Hippophae rhamnoides |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
矮小忍冬Lonicera humilis | 0.66 | ||||
新疆忍冬Lonicera tatarica | 0.00 | 0.00 | |||
疏花蔷薇Rosa laxa | 0.48 | 0.00 | 0.00 | ||
沙棘Hippophae rhamnoides | 0.57 | 0.31 | 0.00 | 0.71 | |
欧洲木莓Rubus caesius | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.71 |
Tab. 11
Analysis of the overall correlation between shrubs in four wild fruit forest populations"
系数 | 方差比率(VR) | 检验统计量(W) | 测度结果 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
交吾托海JWTH | 1.11 | 0.54 | 0.49 | 4.40 | (3.94,18.31) | 不显著负关联 |
杏花沟XHG | 0.94 | 1.11 | 1.18 | 10.66 | (3.94,18.31) | 不显著正关联 |
莫乎尔MHE | 2.00 | 1.21 | 0.61 | 5.44 | (3.94,18.31) | 不显著负关联 |
大西沟DXG | 2.27 | 2.32 | 1.02 | 9.20 | (3.94,18.31) | 不显著正关联 |
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