六盘山半干旱区华北落叶松林坡面土壤含水量的降雨响应

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2023.04.08

Abstract

Abstract:

In the semi-arid zone of the Liupan Mountains in Ningxia, soil water content is a key factor affecting the survival and growth of trees, and it is necessary to understand the differences in soil water content on different slope positions of forested slopes and their response to different rainfall amounts. For this purpose, a typical slope covered by Larix principis-rupprechtii plantations was selected in the small watershed of Diediegou in the Liupanshan Mountains. From May to October 2021, meteorological conditions (such as precipitation) and changes in soil water content on this slope were continuously monitored with automatic weather stations and soil moisture meters to analyze the differences in soil water content on the slopes and their response to the depth of individual rainfall events. The total precipitation depth during the monitoring period was 443.7 mm, which was close to the long-term annual average, but with severe drought in summer. The results showed the following: (1) The soil water content varied significantly within the growing season; the overall level first decreased and then increased, being the lowest in August (0.112 m³·m^-3). (2) There were clear differences in soil water content among slope positions, generally in the order upper slope [(0.191 ± 0.044) m³·m^-3] > middle slope [(0.158 ± 0.045) m³·m^-3] > lower slope [(0.146 ± 0.034) m³·m^-3]. This indicated that the main factor influencing the differences in soil water content along slope positions is the amount of evapotranspiration by forest/vegetation, rather than the redistribution of rainwater along the slope by slope runoff in this dry year. (3) To the same rainfall depth, the response of soil water content on the middle slope was the most sensitive, followed by that on the upper slope, and the lower slope was the least sensitive, owing to the integrated effects of soil porosity, water-holding capacity, and understory vegetation. (4) At the study site, rainfall was dominated by small rainfall events below 10 mm, with 7 mm representing the threshold for effective rainfall, above which the rainfall is likely to alleviate the soil dryness and recharge the soil moisture in the soil layer of 0-20 cm. The results of this study can aid understanding of the variation and spatial distribution of soil water content on forest slopes in semi-arid mountainous areas and help determine the water-carrying capacity of forest/vegetation and integrated

Key words: semi-arid zone, Liupan Mountains, Larix principis-rupprechtii, soil water content, slope position difference, soil moisture recharge by rainwater

SHI Jianzhou, LIU Xiande, TIAN Qing, YU Pengtao, WANG Yanhui. Rainfall response of soil water content on a slope of Larix principis-rupprechtii plantation in the semi-arid Liupan Mountains[J].Arid Zone Research, 2023, 40(4): 594-604.

Figures/Tables 9

Tab. 1

Tab. 2

Soil physical properties of 0-100 cm soil layer at different slope positions"

坡位	土层深度/cm	土壤容重 /（g·cm^-3）	土壤饱和持水率/%	土壤毛管持水率/%	土壤田间持水率/%	非毛管孔隙度/%	毛管孔隙度/%	饱和导水率 /（mm·min^-1）
上坡	0~10	0.89±0.05c	71.55±7.48a	52.41±1.45ab	49.23±1.88a	16.81±4.71a	46.57±2.11ab	1.22±0.64a
	10~20	0.96±0.02c	65.29±2.51a	55.16±8.88a	49.52±4.75a	9.82±7.75ab	52.75±7.39a	1.36±0.54a
	20~40	1.09±0.07b	51.48±5.83b	45.55±2.72bc	42.53±2.05b	6.29±4.46b	49.57±2.52ab	0.94±0.12a
	40~60	1.10±0.07b	49.63±5.76b	40.43±2.44cd	38.12±2.41b	9.99±3.40ab	44.53±0.69b	1.16±0.33a
	60~80	1.25±0.02a	40.27±1.40c	35.91±2.76d	32.64±2.05c	5.44±2.91b	44.96±3.58b	0.92±0.26a
	0~80	1.11±0.14b	50.66±12.31b	42.16±8.42c	39.14±7.54b	9.01±4.01ab	46.14±3.87ab	1.12±0.19a
中坡	0~10	0.94±0.05d	66.22±4.18a	53.78±2.91a	51.17±3.24a	11.64±0.64a	50.42±0.67a	1.58±0.70a
	10~20	1.06±0.12c	55.15±9.97b	42.11±4.40b	39.94±4.54b	13.23±6.24a	44.20±3.15b	1.58±0.48a
	20~40	1.08±0.01bc	52.35±1.85bc	42.09±2.46b	38.84±2.12b	11.09±0.84a	45.45±2.07ab	1.72±0.79a
	40~60	1.11±0.03bc	49.99±4.06bc	40.25±4.46b	38.32±4.51b	10.77±2.79a	44.56±4.22b	1.71±1.12a
	60~80	1.20±0.07ab	43.15±5.25cd	34.93±1.45cd	32.84±0.41cd	9.59±5.69a	41.82±3.15b	1.12±0.20a
	80~100	1.27±0.07a	38.66±4.56d	32.74±1.29d	30.66±1.46d	7.25±6.26a	41.48±3.31b	1.04±0.29a
	0~100	1.13±0.11bc	48.97±9.65bc	39.59±7.37bc	37.24±7.16bc	10.23±2.03a	44.12±3.23b	1.46±0.30a
下坡	0~10	0.93±0.05c	66.53±7.30a	54.34±11.36a	47.15±10.99a	11.46±8.14a	50.51±8.46a	5.29±5.93a
	10~20	1.02±0.04bc	57.63±4.56ab	54.15±3.73a	47.62±4.37a	3.53±1.51a	55.31±2.15a	3.50±2.97a
	20~40	1.06±0.02b	52.33±2.67bc	44.77±7.33ab	38.85±6.30ab	8.09±5.24a	47.34±6.73a	4.09±3.60a
	40~60	1.09±0.07ab	51.41±5.70bc	45.53±5.48ab	39.24±5.08ab	6.25±6.12a	49.44±5.34a	3.14±1.82a
	60~80	1.13±0.12ab	48.43±10.64bc	42.48±8.90ab	36.99±8.38ab	6.56±3.01a	47.26±4.85a	2.37±2.15a
	80~100	1.18±0.02a	43.95±2.09c	39.45±2.42b	34.55±2.88b	5.24±5.15a	46.67±3.79a	1.49±0.86a
	0~100	1.09±0.09ab	51.64±7.87bc	45.29±6.15ab	39.40±5.42ab	6.73±2.71a	48.72±3.24a	3.31±1.33a

Tab. 2

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Tab. 3

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

References 24

[1]	Zhang Z S, Li X R, Liu L C, et al. Distribution, biomass, and dynamics of roots in a revegetated stand of Caragana korshinskii in the Tengger Desert, Northwestern China[J]. Journal of plant research, 2009, 122(1): 109-119. doi: 10.1007/s10265-008-0196-2
[2]	何其华, 何永华, 包维楷. 干旱半干旱区山地土壤水分动态变化[J]. 山地学报, 2003, 21(2): 149-156.
	[He Qihua, He Yonghua, Bao Weikai. Reserch on dynamics of soil moisture in arid and semiarid mountainous areas[J]. Mountain Reserch, 2003, 21(2): 149-156.]
[3]	周海, 赵文智, 何志斌. 两种荒漠生境条件下泡泡刺水分来源及其对降水的响应[J]. 应用生态学报, 2017, 28(7): 2083-2092. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201707.021
	[Zhou Hai, Zhao Wenzhi, He Zhibin. Water sources of Nirtaria sibirica and response to precipitation in two desert habitats[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2017, 28(7): 2083-2092.] doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201707.021
[4]	李新乐, 吴波, 张建平, 等. 白刺沙包浅层土壤水分动态及其对不同降雨量的响应[J]. 生态学报, 2019, 39(15): 5701-5708.
	[Li Xinle, Wu Bo, Zhang Jianping, et al. Dynamics of shallow soil water content in Nitraria tangutorum nebkha and response to rainfall[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2019, 39(15): 5701-5708.]
[5]	何子淼, 肖培青, 郝仕龙, 等. 黄丘区野外坡面土壤水分变化对次降雨过程的响应[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2018, 16(4): 16-24.
	[He Zimiao, Xiao Peiqing, Hao Shilong, et al. Response of soil moisture variation to individual rainfall on the field slope in the loessial hilly-gully region[J]. Science of Soil and Water Conservation, 2018, 16(4): 16-24.]
[6]	邱德勋, 赵佰礼, 尹殿胜, 等. 黄土丘陵沟壑区土壤水分垂直变异及影响因素[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2021, 19(3): 72-80.
	[Qiu Dexun, Zhao Baili, Yin Diansheng, et al. Vertical variation of soil moisture in the loess hilly and gully region and its influence factors[J]. Science of Soil Water Conservation, 2021, 19(3): 72-80.]
[7]	李亚新, 陈伟, 孙从建, 等. 黄土丘陵区农耕地与撂荒地土壤水分特征及对降雨的响应分析[J]. 干旱区资源与环境, 2021, 35(12): 114-120.
	[Li Yaxin, Chen Wei, Sun Congjian, et al. Soil moisture characteristics and their response to rainfall in cultivated land and abandoned land in loess hilly region[J]. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment, 2021, 35(12): 114-120.]
[8]	李龙, 张志华, 桑玉强, 等. 太行低山区荆条土壤水分动态及其对不同降雨量的响应[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2021, 21(14): 5752-5758.
	[Li Long, Zhang Zhihua, Sang Yuqiang, et al. Soil moisture dynamics of Vitex negundo and its response to different rainfall events in hilly region of Taihang Mountains[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2021, 21(14): 5752-5758.]
[9]	罗叙, 李建平, 张翼, 等. 荒漠草原土壤水分时空变化对降水变化的响应[J]. 水土保持研究, 2021, 28(4): 142-150, 158.
	[Luo Xu, Li Jianping, Zhang Yi, et al. Response of spatial and temporal variation of soil moisture to precipitation change in desert steppe[J]. Research of Soil and Water Conservation, 2021, 28(4): 142-150, 158.]
[10]	王正安, 邸利, 王彦辉, 等. 六盘山半干旱区华北落叶松林土壤水分对降雨的响应[J]. 干旱区资源与环境, 2018, 32(4): 144-151.
	[Wang Zheng’an, Di Li, Wang Yanhui, et al. Response of soil moisture to rain falls in a semi-arid larch forest in Liupan Mountains[J]. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment, 2018, 32(4): 144-151.]
[11]	樊亚鹏, 扈花, 王蕾, 等. 六盘山半湿润区华北落叶松林土壤含水量的降雨响应[J]. 宁夏农林科技, 2019, 60(12): 15-19, 21.
	[Fan Yapeng, Hu Hua, Wang Lei, et al. Response of soil moisture to precipitation of Larix principis-rupprechtii mayr plantation in a semi-humid zone in Liupan Mountains[J]. Journal of Ningxia Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology, 2019, 60(12): 15-19, 21.]
[12]	段旭. 六盘山地区水文要素坡面变化[D]. 北京: 中国林业科学研究院, 2011.
	[Duan Xu. The Variation of Hydrological Factors on Slopes in the Region of Liupan Mountains[D]. Beijing: Chinese Academy of Forestry Sciences, 2011.]
[13]	Zhu Q, Nie X F, Zhou X B, et al. Soil moisture response to rainfall at different topographic positions along a mixed land-use hillslope[J]. Catena, 2014, 119:61-70. doi: 10.1016/j.catena.2014.03.010
[14]	Qiu Y, Fu B J, Wang J, et al. Spatial variability of soil moisture content and its relation to environmental indices in a semi-arid gully catchment of the Loess Plateau, China[J]. Journal of Arid Environments, 2001, 49(4): 723-750. doi: 10.1006/jare.2001.0828
[15]	Wang Z Q, Liu B Y, Zhang Y. Soil moisture of different vegetation types on the Loess Plateau[J]. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 2009, 19(6): 707-718. doi: 10.1007/s11442-009-0707-7
[16]	李振华. 六盘山叠叠沟典型植被蒸散及水文要素的坡面尺度效应[D]. 北京: 中国林业科学研究院, 2014.
	[Li Zhenhua. The Evapotranspiration of Typical Vegetation and the Scale Effect of the Hydrologic Features in Slopes of Diediegou Watershed of Liupan Mountains[D]. Beijing: Chinese Academy of Forestry Sciences, 2014.]
[17]	苏子龙, 张光辉, 于艳. 典型黑土区农业小流域不同坡向和坡位的土壤水分变化特征[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2013, 11(6): 39-44.
	[Su Zilong, Zhang Guanghui, Yu Yan. Variation of soil moisture with slope aspect and position in a small agricultural watershed in the typical black soil region[J]. Science of Soil and Water Conservation, 2013, 11(6): 39-44.]
[18]	刘泽彬, 王彦辉, 徐丽宏, 等. 六盘山华北落叶松林坡面土壤含水量的时空变化[J]. 山地学报, 2018, 36(1): 43-52.
	[Liu Zebin, Wang Yanhui, Xu Lihong, et al. Spatial-temporal variations and scale effect of soil moisture on Larix principis-ruprechtii plantation slope in semihumid Liupan Mountains[J]. Mountain Reserch, 2018, 36(1): 43-52.]
[19]	陈敏玲, 张兵伟, 任婷婷, 等. 内蒙古半干旱草原土壤水分对降水格局变化的响应[J]. 植物生态学报, 2016, 40(7): 658-668. doi: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0155
	[Chen Minling, Zhang Bingwei, Ren Tingting, et al. Responses of soil moisture to precipitation pattern change in semiarid grasslangs in Nei Mongol, China[J]. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2016, 40(7): 658-668.] doi: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0155
[20]	Wang S, Fu B J, Gao G, et al. Responses of soil moisture in different land cover types to rainfall events in a re-vegetation catchment area of the Loess Plateau, China[J]. Catena, 2013, 101(3): 122-128. doi: 10.1016/j.catena.2012.10.006
[21]	王海梅, 侯琼, 冯旭宇, 等. 自然降雨过程对典型草原土壤水分的影响研究——以锡林浩特为例[J]. 干旱气象, 2016, 34(6): 1010-1015. doi: 10.11755/j.issn.1006-7639(2016)-06-1010
	[Wang Haimei, Hou Qiong, Feng Xuyu, et al. Effect of different magnitude rainfall process on soil moisture in typical grasslang of Xilinhot of lnner Mongolia[J]. Journal of Arid Meteorology, 2016, 34(6): 1010-1015.] doi: 10.11755/j.issn.1006-7639(2016)-06-1010
[22]	Yaseef N R, Yakir D, Rotenberg E, et al. Ecohydrology of a semi-arid forest: Partitioning among water balance components and its implications for predicted precipitation changes[J]. Ecohydrology, 2010, 3(2): 143-154.
[23]	王博, 段玉玺, 王伟峰, 等. 油蒿灌丛群落浅层土壤水分对不同降雨格局的响应[J]. 应用生态学报, 2020, 31(5): 1571-1578. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202005.011
	[Wang Bo, Duan Yuxi, Wang Weifeng, et al. Responses of shallow soil water content in Artemisia ordosica community to different rainfall patterns[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2020, 31(5): 1571-1578.] doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202005.011
[24]	赵荣玮, 张建军, 李玉婷, 等. 晋西黄土区人工林地土壤水分特征及其对降雨的响应[J]. 水土保持学报, 2016, 30(1): 178-183.
	[Zhao Rongwei, Zhang Jianjun, Li Yuting, et al. Soil moisture characteristic and its response to rainfall in artificial forests in Loess region of Western Shanxi Province[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2016, 30(1): 178-183.]

样地	坡度 /（°）	坡位	海拔 /m	林龄 /a	密度 /（株·hm^-2）	林冠郁闭度	平均胸径/cm	平均树高/m	平均枝下高/m	平均冠幅/m	草本总盖度/%	草本生物量 /（t·hm^-2）	枯落物层厚度 /cm	枯落物生物量 /（t·hm^-2）
H1	28	上坡	2145	32	1550	0.69	11.33± 3.17a	7.76± 1.82a	2.05± 0.79b	3.02± 0.80a	70±5b	2.36± 0.20c	3.25± 0.31ab	9.82± 1.15ab
H2	24	中坡	2090	32	1750	0.73	10.89± 3.46a	7.84± 2.29a	2.76± 1.26a	3.01± 1.02a	75±6b	2.99± 0.24b	4.00± 0.32a	12.04± 1.48a
H3	34	下坡	2040	32	2075	0.82	9.91± 4.42a	7.83± 2.63a	2.09± 1.42ab	2.72± 1.05a	95±3a	6.19± 0.16a	3.13± 0.28b	7.82± 0.65b

坡位	平均土壤含水量/（cm³·cm^-3）
坡位	0~10 cm	10~20 cm	20~40 cm	40~60 cm	0~60 cm
上坡	0.136±0.042Da	0.178±0.04Ca	0.215±0.061Ba	0.236±0.049Aa	0.191±0.044a
中坡	0.112±0.037Dc	0.145±0.04Cb	0.178±0.048Bb	0.197±0.055Ab	0.158±0.045b
下坡	0.115±0.043Cb	0.142±0.04Bc	0.141±0.031Bc	0.185±0.039Ac	0.146±0.034c

Rainfall response of soil water content on a slope of Larix principis-rupprechtii plantation in the semi-arid Liupan Mountains

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Like

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 9

References 24

Related Articles 6

Metrics

Comments

Recommended 0

[1]	ZHENG Liuna, JIANG Hongnan, SUN Mengting. Correlations between soil water content, salinity, and fractional vegetation cover in the Ugan-Kuqa River Delta Oasis of Xinjiang ascertained based on remote sensing images [J]. Arid Zone Research, 2024, 41(7): 1131-1139.
[2]	MA Simin, SHU Zhiliang, CHANG Zhuolin, ZHOU Nan, LIU Shijun. Statistics and analysis of surface raindrop spectrum characteristics in Liupan Mountain area of Ningxia [J]. Arid Zone Research, 2023, 40(8): 1203-1214.
[3]	YANG Hui,ZHANG Ze,ZHANG Lan,YAN Xingfu. Responses of seed germination of Caragana korshinskii to different temperatures and soil water content [J]. Arid Zone Research, 2022, 39(6): 1875-1884.
[4]	LI Zehou,LI Ruixi,ZHANG Shubin,WANG Chongbin,ZHENG Mingming,DONG Yeqing,WU Xue. Responses of leaf structural and chemical trait of Tamarix ramosissima to soil water changes [J]. Arid Zone Research, 2022, 39(5): 1486-1495.
[5]	QIN Jie,SI Jianhua,JIA Bing,ZHAO Chunyan,LI Duan,LUO Huan,REN Lixin. Study on the relationship between vegetation community characteristics and soil moisture in Badain Jaran Desert [J]. Arid Zone Research, 2021, 38(1): 207-222.
[6]	. Spatial Variation of Soil Bulk Density, Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity and Soil Water Content in a Slope-gully unit of the Northern Loess Plateau [J]. , 2018, 35(2): 315-324.