河西走廊中段荒漠植被组成及土壤养分空间分布特征

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2024.03.08

Abstract

Abstract:

Desert vegetation is an important ecological protection barrier for oasis ecosystems in the Hexi Corridor. Studying the composition of desert vegetation and the spatial distribution of soil nutrients is important to the construction and management of desert-oasis transition zone vegetation. This study is based on several field surveys. Traditional statistical and geostatistical methods were used to investigate the composition of desert vegetation and soil nutrient characteristics in the middle section of the Hexi Corridor and the southern fringe of the Badain Jaran Desert, and their correlation with environmental factors were analyzed. Results indicated that the plant composition in the desert areas of the middle section of the Hexi Corridor and the southwestern fringe of the Badain Jaran Desert was single and had low diversity, with plant species concentrated in a few families. Typical desert plants such as Reaumuria songarica and Nitraria tangutorum were frequently found in the study area. The distribution of herbaceous plants was strongly correlated with the average annual precipitation. In Shandan County, which is located in the southern part of the study area, the biomass of herbaceous plants reached 108.01 g·m^-2. Within a certain range of annual precipitation, the biomass of shrubs increased with the increase of precipitation, with the highest value occurring in Suzhou County, near the northern slope of the Qilian Mountains, at 134.03 g·m^-2. Increasing precipitation significantly promoted the growth of herbaceous plants. The surface soil had the highest organic carbon, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus contents in the study area, with average values of 2.12, 0.25, and 0.41 g·kg^-1, respectively, and higher levels of variability than those in the soil subsurface. In the horizontal direction, the three types of soil nutrients had high variability and weak spatial autocorrelation, with maximum values of 11.22, 1.30, and 0.73 g·kg^-1 near Zhangye Oasis. Principal component analysis showed that soil properties and precipitation were the primary factors causing habitat differences in the study area. However, different environmental factors interacted with one another to jointly drive desert vegetation composition and distribution.

Key words: middle section of Hexi Corridor, species composition, soil nutrients, environmental factors, southern fringe of Badain Jaran Desert

AN Ning, GUO Bin, ZHANG Dongmei, YANG Qiyue, LUO Weicheng. Desert vegetation composition and spatial distribution of soil nutrients in the middle section of Hexi Corridor[J].Arid Zone Research, 2024, 41(3): 432-443.

Figures/Tables 16

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生活型	物种名称	平均株高/cm	相对频度/%	重要值/%
灌木	蒙古扁桃（Prunus mongolica）	176.67	0.38	11.65
	红砂（Reaumuria songarica）	22.45	27.74	10.40
	柽柳（Tamarix chinensis）	107.54	0.64	7.17
	白刺（Nitraria tangutorum）	38.14	14.89	7.08
	珍珠猪毛菜（Caroxylon passerinum）	18.74	2.54	5.25
	梭梭（Haloxylon ammodendron）	112.78	2.04	5.02
	盐爪爪（Kalidium foliatum）	18.56	10.56	4.72
	泡泡刺（Nitraria sphaerocarpa）	33.76	8.65	4.59
	沙拐枣（Calligonum mongolicum）	59.89	5.22	4.29
草本	芨芨草（Neotrinia splendens）	108.89	0.92	10.52
	沙葱（Allium mongolicum）	12.09	12.80	5.11
	猪毛菜（Salsola collina）	15.16	10.15	5.11
	白茎盐生草（Halogeton arachnoideus）	15.16	9.57	4.76
	针茅（Stipa capillata）	21.06	6.81	4.68
	沙鞭（Psammochloa villosa）	45.32	4.50	4.38

生境	灌木		草本
生境	戈壁	荒漠	戈壁	荒漠
荒漠—绿洲过渡带	0.417	0.565	0.222	0.459
荒漠	0.333		0.355

	土层深度/cm	最小值	最大值	平均值	标准差	变异系数	偏度	峰度
SOC/（g·kg^-1）	0~20	0.51	6.39	2.12	1.46	0.686	1.363	3.725
	20~60	0.52	6.96	2.05	1.40	0.680	1.570	4.856
	60~100	0.48	5.89	1.71	0.74	0.638	1.854	6.388
TN/（g·kg^-1）	0~20	0.05	0.83	0.25	0.20	0.790	1.427	4.046
	20~60	0.04	0.93	0.23	0.18	0.801	1.588	5.237
	60~100	0.04	0.69	0.19	0.15	0.778	1.834	5.832
TP/（g·kg^-1）	0~20	0.24	0.70	0.41	0.11	0.254	0.778	3.242
	20~60	0.18	0.73	0.38	0.12	0.317	0.893	3.757
	60~100	0.15	0.87	0.38	0.13	0.333	0.987	4.806

土壤养分	土壤深度/cm	块金值（C₀）	基台值（C+C₀）	块金值/基台值（C₀/C+C₀）	变程（a）/（°）
SOC	0~20	0.312	0.396	0.788	8.148
	20~60	0.333	0.358	0.931	5.418
	60~100	0.177	0.283	0.624	1.129
TN	0~20	0.040	0.050	0.788	1.013
	20~60	0.065	0.082	0.793	1.013
	60~100	0.082	0.091	0.900	1.066
TP	0~20	0.209	0.279	0.748	8.148
	20~60	0.222	0.236	0.944	4.038
	60~100	0.145	0.225	0.643	1.315

	PC1	PC2	PC3	PC4	PC5
方差	2.69	1.65	1.23	1.10	0.84
解释方差百分比/%	48.20	18.10	10.10	8.04	4.69
累计解释方差百分比/%	48.20	66.30	76.40	84.44	89.13

Desert vegetation composition and spatial distribution of soil nutrients in the middle section of Hexi Corridor

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年均降水/mm	灌木生物量/（g·m^-2）	草本生物量/（g·m^-2）
0~50	41.27±12.43^a	9.28±4.18^b
50~100	42.00±9.52^a	9.82±4.36^b
100~150	34.70±3.26^a	13.31±2.16^b
>150	23.86±6.96^a	27.41±11.01^a

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