塔里木盆地西部图木舒克—昆玉沙漠公路沿线风沙环境特征

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2024.01.13

Abstract

Abstract:

To find out the characteristics of the wind-sand environment along the under-construction Tumushuk-Kunyu desert highway, the wind-sand protection engineering practice was carried out based on the attributes of wind-sand elements along the desert highway. The wind-sand activity law along the highway was analyzed and summarized by a field survey, ERA5 wind speed data, and satellite image information. The annual average wind speed along the highway was 3.03-3.28 m·s^-1, the average yearly sand wind speed was 5.85-6.10 m·s^-1, and the annual sand wind frequency was 16.87%-21.41%. The sand-driving wind was concentrated in the spring and summer. April-August was the period with the highest frequency of sand-driving wind in a year. The easterly wind (NE, ENE, E, and ESE) was the main wind along the highway. The frequency of sand-driving wind in the south and west of the Mazatag Mountains was higher than in the north. The annual sediment DP along the line was 99.77-145.30 VU, which belongs to a low wind energy environment and medium variability. The volume and density of the sand dunes on the northern and southern sides of Mazartag Mountain were significantly different. The moving rate of dunes along the line was 1.19-3.69 m·a^-1, which was a medium moving speed. There is a significant negative correlation between the moving rate and the vertical projection area of the dunes. The moving direction ranged from 171.76° to 192.53°, consistent with the RDD. The design of the sand control system in the north of Mt. Mazatagh was mainly based on the east, and the south should consider both the east and the west.

Key words: desert highway, wind conditions, drift potential, dune migration, Taklimakan Desert

WEI Jinming, CHENG Jianjun, MA Benteng. Characteristics of the wind-sand environment along the Tumshuk-Kunyu Desert Highway in the western Tarim Basin[J].Arid Zone Research, 2024, 41(1): 135-146.

Figures/Tables 15

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研究区	影像日期/年-月-日	研究区	影像日期/年-月-日
1	2008-10-08	4	2013-03-20
1	2019-12-14	4	2016-04-23
2	2008-10-08	5	2013-01-21
2	2016-06-07	5	2016-04-23
3	2016-06-07	6	2012-09-22
3	2022-04-06	6	2019-12-26

	平均风速/（m·s^-1）	平均起沙风速/（m·s^-1）	最大风速/（m·s^-1）	起沙风主风向	起沙风频率
1号研究区	3.09	5.85	12.51	NE	18.35%
2号研究区	3.26	6.10	13.45	NE	20.00%
3号研究区	3.18	6.06	13.85	ENE	18.60%
4号研究区	3.28	5.98	18.71	ENE	21.41%
5号研究区	3.28	5.96	18.56	E	21.01%
6号研究区	3.03	5.91	12.72	E	16.87%

研究区	季节	DP/（VU）	RDP/（VU）	RDD/（°）	RDP：DP	研究区	季节	DP/（VU）	RDP/（VU）	RDD/（°）	RDP：DP
1	春	51.51	10.99	193.05	0.22	4	春	78.47	25.57	170.52	0.33
	夏	43.78	25.41	228.95	0.58		夏	48.56	27.75	205.89	0.51
	秋	14.59	6.10	202.81	0.42		秋	9.96	4.22	167.43	0.32
	冬	1.95	0.84	92.22	0.43		冬	4.09	1.03	189.31	0.25
2	春	72.01	27.32	195.15	0.34	5	春	76.25	23.49	168.00	0.31
	夏	50.51	34.50	224.82	0.60		夏	52.71	23.29	198.49	0.44
	秋	15.00	4.52	147.67	0.30		秋	13.32	4.35	143.44	0.33
	冬	3.25	1.58	235.48	0.48		冬	3.02	0.48	155.67	0.16
3	春	74.66	39.11	216.78	0.52	6	春	39.95	15.81	161.31	0.40
	夏	40.48	27.38	210.04	0.60		夏	39.41	19.18	164.40	0.44
	秋	24.64	3.30	212.82	0.20		秋	18.85	5.18	221.82	0.28
	冬	2.93	0.87	211.44	0.29		冬	1.56	0.60	224.61	0.39

研究区	沙丘垂直投影面积		移动方向			移动速率
研究区	范围/m²	均值/m²	范围/（°）	均值/（°）	方差	范围/（m·a^-1）	均值/（m·a^-1）	方差
1号研究区	5150~42252	20083	185.76~198.20	192.52	12.51	0.98~1.40	1.19	0.02
2号研究区	8820~27745	14268	169.41~199.23	185.44	38.39	1.14~1.90	1.45	0.04
3号研究区	4899~48972	13503	161.09~196.29	186.28	44.96	2.07~3.38	2.55	0.09
4号研究区	1809~8008	4229	156.31~192.37	177.80	95.29	2.42~3.33	2.83	0.07
5号研究区	1134~3420	2119	153.91~190.66	171.76	84.09	3.26~4.36	3.69	0.13
6号研究区	1194~4416	2317	159.20~191.48	175.43	63.21	1.36~2.13	1.74	0.05

Characteristics of the wind-sand environment along the Tumshuk-Kunyu Desert Highway in the western Tarim Basin

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[1]	ZHANG Hao, DANG Xiaohong, MENG Zhongju, GAO Yong, LIU Yang, QIN Qingchuan. Study on main aeolian sand environment characteristics and formation mechanism in Wuzhumuqin Sandy Land [J]. Arid Zone Research, 2023, 40(10): 1687-1697.
[2]	MA Benteng,CHENG Jianjun,LEI Jiaqiang,DING Bosong,GAO Li,An Yuanfeng,ZHENG Zhipeng. Transport law and control system of wind-blown sand along the desert highway of South Xinjiang Tazhong-38th Corp [J]. Arid Zone Research, 2022, 39(5): 1663-1672.
[3]	YANG Xinghua,MA Mingjie,ZHOU Chenglong,HE Qing. Comparative study of the applicability of emission threshold determining method in the Taklimakan Desert [J]. Arid Zone Research, 2022, 39(4): 1006-1016.
[4]	CAO Huan-qi, HE Qing, JIN Li-li, LI Zhen-jie, YANG Xing-hua, HUO Wen. Surface Energy Balance Closure of Summer,Autumn and Winter in the Northern Margin of Taklimakan Desert [J]. , 2018, 35(4): 821-829.
[5]	YANG Fan, WANG Xue-qin, HE Qing, ZHENG Xin-qian, HAN Zhang-yong,HUO Wen. Morphological Features and Spatial Distribution Pattern of Tamarix  ramosissima Nebkhas in an Oasisdesert Ecotone [J]. , 2014, 31(3): 556-563.
[6]	WANG Yong-dong, QIU Yong-zhi, XU Bo,ZHANG Zhong-liang,LI Sheng-yu. Reference Crop Evapotranspiration in Hinterland of the Taklimakan Desert [J]. , 2014, 31(3): 390-396.
[7]	YANG Xing-hua, HE Qing,HUO Wen, ALI Mamtimin, LIU Xin-chun. Near-surface Horizontal Sanddust Flux over  Different Underlying Surfaces in a Desert [J]. , 2014, 31(3): 564-569.
[8]	WANG Nin-bo,GU Feng, LI Sheng-yu, WANG Hai-feng, XU Xin-wen, LEI Jia-qiang, ZHANG Zhong-liang. Fractality and Stability of Sand Dunes in Lowland among Composite  Longitudinal Ridges in the Central Taklimakan Desert [J]. , 2014, 31(1): 163-168.
[9]	YANG Xing-Hua, HE Qing, CHENG Yu-Jing, FAN Xin-Ming. Near-surface Horizontal Aeolian Sand-dust Flux over an Oasis-desert Ecotone in Qira County, Xinjiang [J]. , 2013, 30(6): 1100-1105.
[10]	ZHANG Dong-Dong, JIN Zheng-Zhong, XU Xin-Wen, LI Sheng-Yu, LEI Jia-Qiang, WANG Yong-Dong, WANG Ying-Ju. Study on Water Holding Capacity of Litters in Shelterbelt along the Tarim Desert Highway [J]. , 2012, 29(6): 1046-1053.
[11]	LI Sheng-Yu, GU Feng, QIU Yong-Zhi, JIN Zheng-Zhong, LI Ying-Gang, GAO Xiao-Yang. Evaluation on Dustholding Capabilities of Photosynthetic Organs of Ten Shrub Species in Hinterland of the Taklimakan Desert [J]. , 2012, 29(6): 1022-1031.
[12]	YANG Fan, WANG Xue-Qin, YANG Dong-Liang, HAN Zhang-Yong, ZHENG Xin-Qian. [J]. , 2012, 29(5): 763-769.
[13]	LI Bing-Wen, QIU Yong-Zhi, ZHOU Hong-Wei, XU Xin-Wen, WANG Qiang, FAN Jing-Long, JIN Zheng-Zhong, CHANG Qing, XU Bo, ZHANG Zhong-Liang. Experiment on Cultivation of Cistanche deserticola under Drip Irrigated in the Hinterland of the Taklimakan Desert [J]. , 2012, 29(5): 751-756.
[14]	YANG Yan-Yan, LIU Lian-You, CAO Heng-Wu. Wind and Water Erosive Forces in a Desertloess Ecotone—A Case Study in Jingbian County, Shaanxi Province [J]. , 2012, 29(4): 692-698.
[15]	YANG Xing-Hua, AI Li-·Mai-Mai-Ti-Ming, ZHANG Rui-Jun, HE Qing, HUO Wen. Analysis on Aerodynamic Roughness Length in a Desert Transitional Zone of the Taklimakan Desert [J]. , 2012, 29(3): 524-528.