不同起沙阈值判定方案在塔克拉玛干沙漠的适用性对比研究

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2022.04.02

Abstract

Abstract:

Aeolian sand movement is a crucial surface process in the study of regional and global changes. As a key parameter in determining wind-sand movement occurrence, the emission threshold (threshold velocity, threshold friction velocity) is a core issue in the study of wind-sand movement. Taking the Taklimakan Desert as the target area, using synchronously observed wind-sand movement and meteorological data in the field, combined with mathematical model calculations, the applicability of five emission threshold judgment schemes from Stout, Kurosaki and Mikami (KM), Li Xiaolan and Zhang Hongsheng (LZ), Marticorena and Bergametti (MB), and Shao and Lu (SL) was quantitatively assessed, and the optimal scheme was used to determine the new emission threshold of the Taklimakan Desert. The following results are presented. (1) Uncertainties exist in all five schemes. The emission threshold determined by the KM scheme overestimates the dust emission time and the dust level flux to a certain extent. The four other schemes are opposite, but the KM scheme is the best. (2) The 2 m threshold velocity in the hinterland of the Taklimakan Desert varies from 4.0 m·s^-1 to 6.0 m·s^-1, and the threshold friction velocity varies from 0.24 m·s^-1 to 0.36 m·s^-1. Moreover, the emission threshold has seasonal differences, which is consistent with summer > autumn > spring > winter.

Key words: wind-blown sand movement, threshold velocity, threshold friction velocity, Taklimakan Desert

YANG Xinghua,MA Mingjie,ZHOU Chenglong,HE Qing. Comparative study of the applicability of emission threshold determining method in the Taklimakan Desert[J].Arid Zone Research, 2022, 39(4): 1006-1016.

Figures/Tables 9

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References 50

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时间/年-月-日	观测值/min	Stout方案/min	KM方案/min	LZ方案/min	MB方案/min	SL方案/min
2009-03-10	788	680	833	631	626	719
2009-03-26	663	205	731	91	29	238
2009-04-16	501	404	523	368	363	428
2009-04-29	872	756	907	678	786	806
2009-05-20	914	633	965	532	685	860
2009-06-05	589	238	619	152	238	507
2009-06-30	870	707	885	699	743	850
2009-08-05	228	115	300	95	100	168

时间/年-月-日	观测值/（kg·m^-1）	Stout方案/（kg·m^-1）	KM方案/（kg·m^-1）	LZ方案/（kg·m^-1）	MB方案/（kg·m^-1）	SL方案/（kg·m^-1）
2009-03-10	416.4	311.2	442.8	273.4	263.9	357.3
2009-03-26	45.1	11.4	60.3	5.5	2.3	13.4
2009-04-16	285.6	232.6	313.7	209.6	203.9	250.8
2009-04-29	368.5	284.4	379.3	237.4	308.2	324.6
2009-05-20	162.8	107.5	183.9	90.9	116.4	144.3
2009-06-05	81.9	25.9	100.1	11.4	25.9	68.7
2009-06-30	412.9	328.8	426.3	316.5	365.3	382.3
2009-08-05	46.2	21.7	49.3	16.2	17.5	32.8

季节	平均临界起沙风速 /(m·s^-1)	平均临界起沙摩擦速度 /(m·s^-1)	平均土壤湿度 /(m³·m^-3)	平均大气水汽压 /kPa	平均气温 /℃
春季	4.9	0.29	0.018	3.3	17.1
夏季	5.4	0.32	0.021	6.7	28.2
秋季	5.1	0.30	0.019	5.6	18.7
冬季	4.6	0.27	0.017	1.6	-1.8

地点	观测高度 /m	临界起沙风速 /(m·s^-1)	临界起沙摩擦速度 /(m·s^-1)	年均降水 /mm	植被覆盖 /%	文献来源
塔克拉玛干沙漠	2	4.0~6.0	0.24~0.36	25.7	0.0	本研究
塔克拉玛干沙漠	10	5.0~7.6	0.30~0.45	25.7	0.0	本研究
古尔班通古特沙漠	2	11.1~13.9	-	156.0	32.3	[47]
科尔沁沙地	4	6.9~11.5	0.55~0.70	366.0	50.0	[24]
Mescalero Sands, USA	2	10.0~11.9	-	300.0	-	[48]
浑善达克沙地	4	10.0	0.6	365.0	20.0	[49]
敦煌沙地	10	7.0	0.5	23.2	0.0	[20]
戈壁沙漠	10	11.8~15.8	-	-	-	[31]

Comparative study of the applicability of emission threshold determining method in the Taklimakan Desert

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